Genome editing in pests: basic science to applications

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 97(3), P. 1135 - 1152

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutagenesis of the major sex pheromone gene, acyl-CoA delta-9 desaturase (DES9) in Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 253, P. 126557 - 126557

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Olfactory receptors in Bactrocera species for sustainable fruit fly management: A review and future perspectives

Physiological Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49(2), P. 67 - 90

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract Molecular studies on odorant receptors (ORs), odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) and the functioning of receptor pheromone signal transduction in fruit fly Bactrocera species have expanded exponentially during past few decades. OBPs contribute to sensing olfactory system (OS) via odorants through sensillum lymph. However, ORs, a family G‐protein‐coupled various other species, exhibit heightened responsiveness multiple chemical odours such as hormones, sensory stimuli neurotransmitters. The apparent mechanism involves combinatorial code encompassing both peripheral antennal lobe processing, facilitating reception sexual pheromones environmental cues. OS is specifically designed recognize process information from volatile signals, these signals play an important function flies. Insects rely chemicals navigate comprehend their surroundings. A mature insect composed two pairs sensillae‐covered palps, antennae primary appendages anterior head. It has been shown that chemosensory gene families odour perception. These include neuroreceptor families, OBPs, neuron membrane proteins. Additionally, there are three divergent chemoreceptors, namely ionotropic gustatory receptors. Methods based systematic biology, molecular biology bioinformatics tools rapidly emerged investigate communication systems provide new insights for management many agricultural pest. Several aromatic compounds, including semiochemicals pheromones, employed defend crops animals destructive flies invasive frugivorous species. To promote expansion cropping system, utilization phytochemical lures can be convenient sustainable agriculture production enhance food security. Hence, this review examined state art insects with focus pest identify semiochemical receptors, protein (CSRs), well practical applications biological control integrated highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Identification of an odorant receptor responding to sex pheromones in Spodoptera frugiperda extends the novel type‐I PR lineage in moths

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 489 - 502

Published: Aug. 12, 2023

Abstract In moths, pheromone receptors (PRs) are crucial for intraspecific sexual communication between males and females. Moth PRs considered as an ideal model studying the evolution of insect PRs, a large number have been identified functionally characterized in different moth species. were initially thought to fall into single monophyletic clade odorant receptor (OR) family, but recent studies shown that ORs another lineage also bind type‐I sex pheromones, which indicates multiple independent origins Lepidoptera. this study, we investigated whether pest Spodoptera frugiperda belonging clades closely related novel PR may capacity pheromones serve male PRs. Among 7 tested, only 1 ( SfruOR23 ) exhibited male‐biased expression pattern. Importantly, vitro functional characterization showed could several compounds with Z ‐9‐tetradecenal 9‐14:Ald), minor component found female glands, optimal ligand. addition, weak responses plant volatile organic compounds. Altogether, S. positioned clade, indicating can be extended moths.

Language: Английский

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The Spodoptera frugiperda L-aminoacylase degrades fatty acid-amino acid conjugates and promotes larvae growth on Zea mays

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: April 22, 2025

Oral secretions (OS) contain diverse functional molecules that play important roles in the molecular interactions between insect herbivores and their host plants. Components of OS have been hypothesized to facilitate adaptation specialized towards preferred hosts. In this study, we identified an L-aminoacylase-encoding gene, SfruACY, was preferentially up-regulated salivary glands Spodoptera frugiderpa larvae when feeding on maize leaves compared artificial diet. The protein product confirmed catalyze vitro degradation fatty acid-amino acid conjugates (FACs), classic plant defense elicitors commonly found lepidopteran caterpillars. Generation a homozygous SfruACY knock-out line with CRISPR-Cas9 technology further revealed activity gene could promote growth S. frugiperda but not required for Finally, comparative transcriptomic analyses showed more pronounced inducible responses attacked by knocked-out than wildtype intruders. These experimental evidences support expression leaf diet can lower FAC contents OS, hence likely inducing weaker responses. Our findings provide mechanistic explanation longstanding observation induce responses, shed light transcriptional regulation as potential mean adapt species.

Language: Английский

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Functional characterization of sensory neuron membrane protein 1a involved in sex pheromone detection of Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 4120 - 4135

Published: March 11, 2024

The mirid bug Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a polyphagous pest that affects wide range of host plants. Its control remains challenging mainly due to its rapid reproduction, necessitating an understanding sex pheromone communication. recognition pheromones vital for courtship and mating behaviors, mediated by various chemosensory-associated proteins. Among these, sensory neuron membrane protein (SNMP), CD36-related protein, suggested play crucial roles in detecting pheromones. In this study, we employed transcriptomic genomic data from A. phylogenetic approaches, identified four putative SNMP genes (AlucSNMP1a, AlucSNMP1b, AlucSNMP2a, AlucSNMP2b) with full open reading frames. Expression analysis revealed the ubiquitous presence AlucSNMP transcripts multiple tissues, only AlucSNMP1a exhibiting male-biased expression antennae, suggesting potential role male chemosensation. Functional using Xenopus oocyte system, coupled two-electrode voltage clamp recording, demonstrated co-expression specific receptors (PRs) co-receptor (Orco) significantly enhanced electrophysiological responses compared PRs Orco alone. Moreover, results indicated not affected responsiveness but also influenced kinetics (activation inactivation) induced signals. contrast, AlucSNMP1b AlucPR/Orco complexes had no impact on inward currents two compounds. An examination selective pressures SNMP1 across 20 species strong purifying selection, implying functional conservation insects. These findings highlight response

Language: Английский

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Glomerular organization in the antennal lobe of the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata

Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(11), P. 3812 - 3829

Published: April 18, 2024

In insects, the number and specificity of antennal lobe glomeruli often reflect diversity expressed chemosensory genes, which are linked to its ecological niche specific olfactory needs. The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata, is an important common lepidopteran pest cereal crops. Given reliance on system for crucial behaviors, understanding evolutionary potential this requires a thorough characterization anatomical structure primary center. Here, we systematically identified all M. separata based synaptic antibody immunostaining mass staining sensory neurons. A total 69 were in females 65 males, intuitive nomenclature glomerular positions was applied. Our findings uncovered some sex-specific species. There ten female-specific three male-specific glomeruli, except MGC units, with notable observation that female labial pit organ glomerulus larger than male counterpart. Additionally, four antennal-lobe tracts (ALTs) retrograde labeling from calyx revealed innervated by medial ALT projection comparison structures between sympatric moths supports their convergence noctuid moths. These results collectively lay foundation future studies processing separata.

Language: Английский

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Mutagenesis of Odorant Receptor Coreceptor Orco Reveals the Odorant-Detected Behavior of the Predator Eupeodes corollae

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(24), P. 17284 - 17284

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

The successful mating of the hoverfly and search for prey aphids are great significance biological control usually mediated by chemical cues. odorant receptor co-receptor (Orco) genes play a crucial role in process insect odor perception. However, function Orco prey-seeking behaviors remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we characterized gene from hoverfly, Eupeodes corollae, natural enemy insect. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technique to knock out E. EcorOrco-/- homozygous mutant was verified genotype analysis. Fluorescence situ hybridization showed that antennal ORN lack staining. Electroantennogram (EAG) results adult almost lost electrophysiological response 15 odorants three types. two-way choice assay glass Y-tube olfactometer indicated both larvae adults hoverflies their behavioral preference aphid alarm pheromone (E)-β-farnesene (EBF). addition, significant decrease rate males following EcorOrco gene. Although females not affected, amount eggs being laid hatching were significantly reduced. These only involved detection semiochemicals but also plays pivotal development eggs. conclusion, our expand comprehension chemoreceptive mechanisms offers valuable insights advancement more sophisticated pest management strategies.

Language: Английский

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A compound produced by Helicoverpa armigera male genitalia activates a conserved pheromone receptor

Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 1, 2024

Mating behavior is essential for sexual reproduction, and it often modulated by key chemical cues. In many moth species, males find compatible mates through the reception of sex pheromones which are released females. Pheromone receptors (PRs) elements in sensing these signals. Concurrently, male moths emit a complex blend volatile compounds during courtship; however, mechanisms recognizing putative remain poorly understood. Here, we employed gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection mass spectrometry to analyze produced cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. Three candidate were identified, (Z)-7-dodecen-1-yl acetate (Z7-12:OAc) eliciting most pronounced electrophysiological response antenna. The olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) ORN-a Type A trichoid sensilla was shown respond Z7-12:OAc conducting single sensillum recording (SSR) assays. Additionally, found that OR13s from five Heliothinae species responded using Xenopus oocyte expression system two-electrode voltage-clamp recording. Our findings identified evaluation future behavioral studies understood chemosensory recognition underlying pheromones. If its relevance supported data, this knowledge may facilitate design novel regulators effective pest control strategies involving mating disruption.

Language: Английский

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Functional Characterization of an Odorant Receptor Expressed in Newly Hatched Larvae of Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 564 - 564

Published: July 26, 2024

In the past decade, Spodoptera frugiperda has emerged as a significant invasive pest globally, posing serious threat to agriculture due its broad diet, migratory behavior, and ability cause extensive plant damage. While research focused on olfactory capabilities of adult S. frugiperda, understanding process in larvae remains limited, despite playing crucial role crop To address this gap, we identified an odorant receptor (OR), SfruOR40, expressed first-instar through phylogenetic analysis. Using quantitative real-time PCR, compared SfruOR40 expression levels adults. We then characterized function against 67 compounds using Xenopus oocyte system found that responded three volatiles. Further, behavioral experiments revealed larval attraction (−)-trans-Caryophyllene oxide. This study elucidates SfruOR40’s recognition newly hatched larvae, expanding our knowledge such mechanisms Noctuid moths. Furthermore, it highlights potential plant-derived natural products for biological control from ecology perspective.

Language: Английский

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