Clinical outcomes of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron and Delta variant: systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 studies covering 6 037 144 coronavirus disease 2019–positive patients

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 835 - 844

Published: March 18, 2023

BackgroundAlthough the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is considered to induce less severe disease, there have been no consistent results on extent of decrease in severity.ObjectivesTo compare clinical outcomes COVID-19–positive patients with and Delta infection.Data sourcesSearches were implemented up 8 November 2022 PubMed, Web Science, BioRvix, MedRvix.Study eligibility criteriaEligible studies cohort reporting infection, including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), death.ParticipantsCOVID-19–positive infection.Assessment risk biasRisk bias was assessed employing Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Methods data synthesisRandom-effect models employed pool ORs 95% CIs outcome. I2 evaluate heterogeneity between studies.ResultsA total 33 6 037 144 included this meta-analysis. In general population patients, compared Delta, infection resulted a decreased hospitalization (10.24% vs. 4.14%, OR = 2.91, CI 2.35–3.60), ICU admission (3.67% 0.48%, 3.64, 2.63–5.04), IMV (3.93% 0.34%, 3.11, 1.76–5.50), death (2.40% 0.46%, 2.97, 2.17–4.08). hospitalized COVID-19, (20.70% 12.90%, 1.63, 1.32–2.02), (10.90% 5.80%, 1.65, 1.28–2.14), (10.72% 7.10%, 1.44, 1.22–1.71).ConclusionsCompared severity decreased.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 430 - 430

Published: Jan. 28, 2023

The omicron variant is thought to cause less olfactory dysfunction than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2, but the reported prevalence differs greatly between populations and studies. Our systematic review meta-analysis provide information regarding regional differences in as well an estimate global based on 62 studies reporting 626,035 patients infected with variant. omicron-induced European ancestry 11.7%, while it significantly lower all other populations, ranging 1.9% 4.9%. When ethnic population sizes are considered, adults estimated be 3.7%. Omicron's effect olfaction twofold tenfold that alpha or delta according meta-analyses our analysis directly compared variants. profile ethnicities mirrors results a recent genome-wide association study connected gene locus encoding odorant-metabolizing enzyme, UDP glycosyltransferase, extent COVID-19-related loss smell. consistent hypothesis this enzyme contributes observed differences.

Language: Английский

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Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Children With Coronavirus Disease 2019 After the Spread of the BA.5 Omicron Variants in Japan

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Background: The spread of the BA.5 Omicron variant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has increased number hospitalized children. However, impact new omicron subvariants in children remains poorly described. Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated clinical characteristics with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 13 hospitals Niigata, Japan, during September 2022–February 2024. data were divided and compared across 3 periods based on dominant subvariants: BA.5/BF.5/BF.7 period (September 2022–April 2023), XBB/EG.5 (May–December 2023) BA.2.86/JN.1 (January–February 2024). In addition, COVID-19 vaccination rates patients those general population. Results: total, 298 period. patients’ median ages 4.7 years period, 1.2 2.4 peak monthly admissions decreased over time, 44, 32, 19 cases/mo respectively. Dehydration/oral intake failure (37.2%, 111/298) febrile seizures (16.8%, 50/298) predominant reasons for hospitalization. 5–11 age (11.1%) 12–15 (38.9%) significantly lower than population (41.5% 71.0%). Conclusions: Although diminished they continued to pose a risk. Continued efforts are needed protect from this evolving virus.

Language: Английский

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The diversity in the clinical features of children hospitalized with COVID‐19 during the nonvariant, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant periods of SARS CoV‐2: Caution for neurological symptoms in Omicron variant

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(3)

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract Since the COVID‐19 pandemic began, various severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants have been identified with different characteristics than nonvariant strain. We retrospectively evaluated demographic and clinical differences in cohort of hospitalized children (1 month–18 years old) between March 11, 2020, September 31, 2022, by time our country predominate. Bonferroni post hoc analysis was performed to compare periods. Of 283 this study, 142 (50.2%) were females. The median age 36 (interquartile range [IQR]: 7–132) months. Sixty‐three (22.2%) patients period, 24 (8.5%) Alpha 93 (32.9%) Delta 103 (36.4%) Omicron period. Fever most common symptom all groups, no statistically significant ( p = 0.25). In gastrointestinal symptoms decreased, neurological increased significantly compared other periods: [respiratory symptoms; (65.1%) vs. (41.7%), 0.024)], [gastrointestinal (41.9%) (22.3%), 0.018), [neurological (14.5%) (31.1%), 0.03]. Altered mental status seizures more during period pre‐Omicron (nonvariant, Alpha, Delta) 0.017 0.005, respectively). Although main fever symptoms, an increase manifestations seen throughout variant

Language: Английский

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Clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-associated encephalopathy in children: Nationwide epidemiological study

Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 457, P. 122867 - 122867

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sometimes triggers encephalopathy as a serious neurological complication in children. We previously reported the clinico-radiological findings of SARS-CoV-2-associated encephalopathy. The advent SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant led to marked increase pediatric patients with disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, epidemiological changes according emergence have not yet been documented. Therefore, present study investigated differences during BA.1/BA.2 and BA.5 predominant periods also between non-SARS-CoV-2-associated

Language: Английский

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Moving Biosurveillance Beyond Coded Data Using AI for Symptom Detection From Physician Notes: Retrospective Cohort Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26, P. e53367 - e53367

Published: April 4, 2024

Background Real-time surveillance of emerging infectious diseases necessitates a dynamically evolving, computable case definition, which frequently incorporates symptom-related criteria. For symptom detection, both population health monitoring platforms and research initiatives primarily depend on structured data extracted from electronic records. Objective This study sought to validate test an artificial intelligence (AI)–based natural language processing (NLP) pipeline for detecting COVID-19 symptoms physician notes in pediatric patients. We specifically patients presenting the emergency department (ED) who can be sentinel cases outbreak. Methods Subjects this retrospective cohort are 21 years age younger, presented ED at large academic children’s hospital between March 1, 2020, May 31, 2022. The all were processed with NLP tuned detect mention 11 based Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC) gold standard, 3 subject matter experts labeled 226 had strong agreement (F1-score=0.986; positive predictive value [PPV]=0.972; sensitivity=1.0). F1-score, PPV, sensitivity used compare performance International Classification Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) coding standard chart review. As formative use case, variations patterns measured across SARS-CoV-2 variant eras. Results There 85,678 encounters during period, including 4% (n=3420) COVID-19. was more accurate identifying that any (F1-score=0.796) than ICD-10 codes (F1-score =0.451). accuracy higher (sensitivity=0.930) (sensitivity=0.300). However, negative (specificity=0.994) (specificity=0.917). Congestion or runny nose showed highest difference (NLP: F1-score=0.828 ICD-10: F1-score=0.042). COVID-19, prevalence estimates each differed Patients likely have detected without disease. Effect sizes (odds ratios) varied pandemic Conclusions establishes AI-based as highly effective tool real-time detection patients, outperforming traditional methods. It also reveals evolving nature different virus variants, underscoring need dynamic, technology-driven approaches disease surveillance.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Clinical Characteristics of Children Infected With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Between Omicron Variant BA.5 and BA.1/BA.2 in Japan

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(6), P. 503 - 509

Published: March 2, 2023

Background: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has dramatically altered the clinical profile pediatric disease 2019 (COVID-19). In Japan, we experienced a pandemic omicron subvariant BA.1/BA.2 from January through June 2022. However, after BA.5 in early July 2022, number children hospitalized with COVID-19 increased Japan. Methods: We collected data on monthly numbers cases and characteristics 13 hospitals, total cases, vaccination rates Niigata, for period 2020 August compared presentation during periods predominance (January–June 2022) (July–August estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against hospitalization BA.5-predominant period. Results: Between 1, 2020, 31, 49,387 (19,085 children/100,000 population) were newly diagnosed as having COVID-19, 393 COVID-19. Hospitalization febrile seizure, especially complex was significantly higher than (27.9% vs. 7.0%, P < 0.01). VE to be 75% (95% confidence interval, 48%–88%, Conclusions: affected Japan; seizure who required predominance. rate must prevent prepare current future variant outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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The Spectrum and Burden of COVID-19–Associated Neurologic Disease in Australian Children 2020–2023

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Background: We aimed to describe the clinical spectrum and burden of COVID-19–associated neurologic disease in Australian children. Methods: extracted national sentinel site surveillance data on children hospitalized Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance network, 2020–2023. Neurologic complications included encephalitis, encephalopathy, Guillain–Barre syndrome, seizures cerebrovascular accident among others. calculated proportion pediatric COVID-19 cases associated with described presentations including features severity. incidence rates within variant eras patients. Results: identified 311 SARS-CoV-2 infection 4616 reported through representing 5.3 per 100 admissions. The most common were (n = 215), febrile seizures. Nonspecific encephalopathy 62), Syndrome, acute cerebellar syndromes, demyelinating encephalomyelitis also reported. Almost 60% ≤4 years, approximately 30% had pre-existing conditions almost half other medical comorbidities. infrequently led death, although 25% 2/8) encephalitis died. rate COVID-19-associated was lowest during late Omicron era. Conclusions: are relatively frequent. While transient, seizures, remains a cause significant morbidity. Children comorbidities at higher risk.

Language: Английский

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Trends in Long COVID Symptoms in Japanese Teenage Patients

Medicina, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(2), P. 261 - 261

Published: Jan. 29, 2023

Background: Since the start of global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), not only adults but also many children have suffered from it. However, clinical characteristics long COVID in remain unclear. Methods: In this retrospective observational study conducted a single facility, we reviewed medical records all patients who visited Okayama University Hospital February 2021 to October 2022, and compared teenagers (11 18 years age) with those adults. Results: Data for 452 including 54 (11.9%) were analyzed. Fatigue was most frequent symptom (55.6% patients) On other hand, percentage complained headache, which second complaint, significantly higher than (35.2% vs. 21.9%, p < 0.05). A comparison frequencies symptoms depending on viral variant showed that fatigue headache predominant Omicron phase. Of 50 enrolled schools, 28 (56.0%) could attend school due symptoms. The common as reasons absence (85.7% patients), (42.9%), insomnia (32.1%). Conclusions: Attention should be paid COVID.

Language: Английский

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The Omicron BA.2 Outbreak in Taiwan: Pediatric Healthcare Challenges and Lessons Learned

Pediatrics & Neonatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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