Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Abstract
Purpose
:
Environmental
exposure
to
hazardous
chemicals
have
been
linked
many
detrimental
health
effects.
It
is
critical
effective
biomonitoring
methods
monitor
the
levels
of
these
in
humans
better
evaluate
key
environmental
exposures
that
increase
risk
chronic
disease
and
death.
Traditional
utilizing
blood
urine
limited
due
specialized
skills
invasiveness
collecting
fluid
samples.
The
systematic
review
focuses
on
tear
fluid,
which
largely
under-researched,
as
promising
alternative
traditional
fluids.
objective
practicability
using
human
for
exposures,
highlighting
potential
pitfalls
opportunities.
Recent
finding
Tear
represents
a
method
assessing
participants
can
conveniently
collect
samples
from
comfort
their
home.
uniquely
interfaces
with
external
environment
at
air-tear
interface,
providing
surface
airborne
diffuse
into
ocular
interact
biomolecules.
also
contains
molecules
internal
travelled
tears
by
crossing
blood-tear
barrier.
Our
shows
be
used
identify
environments
differentiate
between
different
groups.
Summary
provides
analysis
current
state
knowledge
tear-based
draws
attention
promise
noninvasively
increasing
access
assessment.
will
become
acceptable
routine
use
more
individual
inter
lab
studies
focus
broadly
identifying
quantify
markers
tears,
understanding
factors
influence
reliability
standardizing
method.
The Ocular Surface,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28, P. 213 - 252
Published: April 1, 2023
Eye
strain
when
performing
tasks
reliant
on
a
digital
environment
can
cause
discomfort,
affecting
productivity
and
quality
of
life.
Digital
eye
(the
preferred
terminology)
was
defined
as
"the
development
or
exacerbation
recurrent
ocular
symptoms
and/or
signs
related
specifically
to
device
screen
viewing".
prevalence
up
97%
has
been
reported,
due
no
previously
agreed
definition/diagnostic
criteria
limitations
current
questionnaires
which
fail
differentiate
such
from
those
arising
non-digital
tasks.
Objective
blink
rate
critical
flicker
frequency
changes
are
not
'diagnostic'
nor
validated
sensitive.
The
mechanisms
attributed
surface
disease
mainly
reduced
completeness,
partial/uncorrected
refractive
error
underlying
binocular
vision
anomalies,
together
with
the
cognitive
demand
task
differences
in
position,
size,
brightness
glare
compared
an
equivalent
task.
In
general,
interventions
well
established;
patients
experiencing
should
be
provided
full
correction
for
appropriate
working
distances.
Improving
blinking,
optimizing
work
encouraging
regular
breaks
may
help.
Based
current,
best
evidence,
blue-light
blocking
do
appear
effective
management
strategy.
More
larger
clinical
trials
needed
assess
artificial
tear
effectiveness
relieving
strain,
particularly
comparing
different
constituents;
systematic
review
within
report
identified
use
secretagogues
warm
compress/humidity
goggles/ambient
humidifiers
promising
strategies,
along
nutritional
supplementation
(such
omega-3
fatty
acid
berry
extracts).
The Ocular Surface,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30, P. 240 - 253
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
The
Tear
Film
&
Ocular
Surface
Society
(TFOS)
Workshop
entitled
'A
Lifestyle
Epidemic:
Disease'
was
a
global
initiative
undertaken
to
establish
the
direct
and
indirect
impacts
of
everyday
lifestyle
choices
challenges
on
ocular
surface
health.
This
article
presents
an
executive
summary
evidence-based
conclusions
recommendations
10-part
TFOS
report.
factors
described
within
report
include
contact
lenses,
cosmetics,
digital
environment,
elective
medications
procedures,
environmental
conditions,
challenges,
nutrition,
societal
challenges.
For
each
topic
area,
current
literature
summarized
appraised
in
narrative-style
review
answer
key
topic-specific
question
sought
using
systematic
methodology.
published
its
entirety
April
2023
July
issues
journal.
Links
downloadable
versions
document
supplementary
material,
including
translations,
are
available
website:
http://www.TearFilm.org.
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
100, P. 101250 - 101250
Published: March 8, 2024
Changes
in
the
bacterial
flora
gut,
also
described
as
gut
microbiota,
are
readily
acknowledged
to
be
associated
with
several
systemic
diseases,
especially
those
an
inflammatory,
neuronal,
psychological
or
hormonal
factor
involved
pathogenesis
and/or
perception
of
disease.
Maintaining
ocular
surface
homeostasis
is
based
on
all
these
four
factors,
and
there
accumulating
evidence
literature
relationship
between
microbiota
diseases.
The
mechanisms
mostly
interconnected
due
interaction
central
peripheral
neuronal
networks,
inflammatory
effectors
system.
A
better
understanding
influence
maintenance
homeostasis,
onset
persistence
disorders
could
bring
new
insights
help
elucidate
epidemiology
pathology
dynamics
health
Revealing
exact
nature
associations
paramount
importance
for
developing
a
holistic
approach
using
highly
promising
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
Medicina,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
60(9), P. 1458 - 1458
Published: Sept. 5, 2024
Dry
eye
disease
is
a
multifactorial
condition
characterised
by
tear
film
instability,
hyperosmolarity
and
ocular
surface
inflammation.
Understanding
the
epidemiology
of
dry
recognising
both
modifiable
non-modifiable
risk
factors
can
assist
care
practitioners
in
assessing,
treating,
managing
patients
with
condition.
This
review
considers
current
knowledge
surrounding
its
incidence
prevalence,
as
well
associated
demographic,
systemic,
ocular,
iatrogenic,
lifestyle-related
factors.
Population-based
prevalence
estimates
vary
according
to
diagnostic
criteria
used
define
disease,
severity
demographic
characteristics
population.
Considering
recent
data
variable
population
demographics,
conservative
suggest
that
10-20%
over
40
years
age
report
moderate
severe
symptoms
and/or
seek
treatment
for
disease.
Individuals
specific
may
be
at
increased
developing
Advanced
age,
female
sex
East
Asian
ethnicity
have
been
identified
key
features
predisposing
individuals
Systemic
conditions
an
include
migraine,
Sjögren
syndrome,
connective
tissue
disorders,
mental
health
diabetes
mellitus
androgen
deficiency.
Medications
contribute
this
antidepressants,
antihistamines,
hormone
replacement
therapy.
Ocular
iatrogenic
blepharitis,
