Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(3), P. 692 - 692
Published: March 19, 2025
Fungal
endophytes
of
medicinal
plants
produce
diverse
secondary
metabolites
and
extracellular
enzymes
with
therapeutic
biotechnological
potential.
However,
the
biological
potential
fungal
from
South
African
remain
relatively
underexplored.
In
this
study,
antimicrobial,
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory
enzymatic
capabilities
five
previously
isolated
leaves
Kirkia
acuminata
Oliv.
were
investigated.
Sequencing
internal
transcribed
spacer
(ITS)
regions
revealed
that
isolates
belonged
to
genera
Setosphaeria,
Diaporthe
Corynespora.
The
broth
micro-dilution
assay
Folin–Ciocalteau
reagent
method
used
assess
antibacterial
activity
total
phenolic
content
(TPC)
endophytes’
ethyl
acetate
crude
extracts
(CEs),
respectively.
antioxidant
was
assessed
using
ferric
reducing
power
(FRAP)
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH)
free
radical
scavenging
assays.
influence
CE
Setosphaeria
rostrata
KaL-4
on
viability
LPS-induced
interleukin-6
(IL-6)
production
in
Raw
264.7
macrophages
a
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide
(MTT)
an
ELISA,
ability
proteases,
laccases
peroxidases
also
determined.
CEs
displayed
antimicrobial
MICs
ranging
0.63
1.25
mg/mL
40%
18%
60%
48%,
S.
possessed
highest
TPC
demonstrated
dose-dependent
cytotoxicity.
further
significant
reduction
IL-6
at
concentration
0.75
µg/mL.
Only
one
isolate
proteases
index
(EI)
0.66,
while
(EI
range
0.14
1.15)
produced
by
all
isolates.
These
findings
suggest
are
promising
sources
bioactive
compounds
industry-significant
enzymes.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: July 10, 2023
The
most
significant
issues
that
humans
face
today
include
a
growing
population,
an
altering
climate,
reliance
on
pesticides,
the
appearance
of
novel
infectious
agents,
and
accumulation
industrial
waste.
production
agricultural
goods
has
also
been
subject
to
great
number
shifts,
often
known
as
revolutions,
which
have
influenced
by
progression
civilization,
technology,
general
human
advancement.
Sustainable
measures
can
be
applied
in
agriculture,
environment,
medicine,
industry
are
needed
lessen
harmful
effects
aforementioned
problems.
Endophytes,
might
bacterial
or
fungal,
could
successful
solution.
They
protect
plants
promote
growth
producing
phytohormones
providing
biotic
abiotic
stress
tolerance.
Endophytes
produce
diverse
type
bioactive
compounds
such
alkaloids,
saponins,
flavonoids,
tannins,
terpenoids,
quinones,
chinones,
phenolic
acids
etc.
for
various
therapeutic
advantages
anticancer,
antitumor,
antidiabetic,
antifungal,
antiviral,
antimicrobial,
antimalarial,
antioxidant
activity.
Proteases,
pectinases,
amylases,
cellulases,
xylanases,
laccases,
lipases,
other
types
enzymes
vital
many
different
industries
produced
endophytes.
Due
presence
all
these
endophytes,
they
preferred
sources
green
synthesis
nanoparticles.
This
review
aims
comprehend
contributions
uses
endophytes
medicinal,
sectors
bio-nanotechnology
with
their
mechanism
action.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Sept. 12, 2023
Medicinal
plants
remain
a
valuable
source
for
natural
drug
bioprospecting
owing
to
their
multi-target
spectrum.
However,
use
as
raw
materials
novel
synthesis
has
been
greatly
limited
by
unsustainable
harvesting
leading
decimation
of
wild
populations
coupled
with
inherent
low
concentrations
constituent
secondary
metabolites
per
unit
mass.
Thus,
adding
value
the
medicinal
research
dynamics
calls
adequate
attention.
In
light
this,
harbour
endophytes
which
are
believed
be
contributing
towards
host
plant
survival
and
bioactive
through
series
physiological
interference.
Stimulating
metabolite
production
in
using
growth
regulators
demonstrated
one
most
effective
methods
increasing
syntheses.
Use
promotors
could
help
ensure
continuous
supply
plants,
mitigate
issues
fear
extinction.
Endophytes
minimize
heavy
metal
toxicity
plants.
It
hypothesized
that
when
exposed
harsh
conditions,
associated
primary
signalling
channels
induce
defensive
reactions.
go
different
biochemical
processes
lead
activation
defence
mechanisms
signal
transduction
pathways,
endophytic
microorganisms
influence
genes
involved
generation
cells.
Additionally,
elucidating
role
gene
clusters
expose
factors
Promising
endophyte
strains
can
manipulated
enhanced
metabolites,
hence,
better
probability
strain
improvement,
mutagenesis,
co-cultivation,
media
adjustment.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: May 13, 2024
Environmental
stresses
are
the
main
constraints
on
agricultural
productivity
and
food
security
worldwide.
This
issue
is
worsened
by
abrupt
severe
changes
in
global
climate.
The
formation
of
sugarcane
yield
accumulation
sucrose
significantly
influenced
biotic
abiotic
stresses.
Understanding
biochemical,
physiological,
environmental
phenomena
associated
with
these
essential
to
increase
crop
production.
review
explores
effect
factors
content
highlights
negative
effects
insufficient
water
supply,
temperature
fluctuations,
insect
pests,
diseases.
article
also
explains
mechanism
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
role
different
metabolites
under
stresses,
function
stress-related
resistance
genes
sugarcane.
further
discusses
improvement
approaches,
a
focus
endophytic
consortium
endophyte
application
plants.
Endophytes
vital
plant
defense;
they
produce
bioactive
molecules
that
act
as
biocontrol
agents
enhance
immune
systems
modify
responses
through
interaction
provides
an
overview
internal
mechanisms
growth
offers
new
ideas
for
improving
fitness
productivity.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Jan. 17, 2025
Interactions
between
endophytes
(endophytic
bacteria
and
fungi)
plants
are
crucial
in
maintaining
crop
fitness
agricultural
systems,
particularly
relation
to
abundant
rare
subcommunities
involved
community
construction.
However,
the
influence
of
long-term
fertilization
on
heterogeneous
rhizosphere
nitrogen
phosphorus
environments
how
these
conditions
affect
key
root
their
assembly
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
We
studied
26th
year
a
field
experiment
conducted
greenhouse
with
varying
levels
(CKP0,
CKP1,
CNP0,
CNP1,
ONP0,
ONP1)
assess
composition
tomato
impact
yield.
employed
16S
rRNA
fungal
ITS
region
amplicon
sequencing
investigate
endophytic
subcommunities,
network
correlations,
core
subcommunity
structures,
species
that
enhance
The
results
indicated
organic
manure
fertilizers
significantly
increased
soil
content,
availability
(labile
P,
moderately
labile
non-labile
P).
These
also
affected
(based
Bray-Curtis
distance)
processes
(βNTI)
microbial
subcommunities.
both
bacterial
was
primarily
governed
by
dispersal
limitation,
structures
being
regulated
content
available
(AN)
P
(MLP).
Rare
complemented
ecological
niches
co-occurrence
network,
supporting
functions
enhancing
stability.
Nitrogen-adapting
provided
stronger
predictive
correlation
for
yield
than
phosphorus-adapting
Additionally,
three
genera
such
as
Arthrobacter,
Microbacterium,
Sphingobium
were
identified
potentially
improving
improvement.
findings
revealed
distinct
fertilization,
our
understanding
better
management
practices
controlling
improve
intensive
ecosystems.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(5), P. 369 - 369
Published: March 3, 2025
Muscadine
grapes
are
renowned
for
their
unique
traits,
natural
disease
resistance,
and
rich
bioactive
compounds.
Despite
extensive
research
on
phytochemical
properties,
microbial
communities,
particularly
endophytic
bacteria,
remain
largely
unexplored.
These
bacteria
play
crucial
roles
in
plant
health,
stress
tolerance,
ecological
interactions.
This
study
represents
the
first
comprehensive
effort
to
isolate,
identify,
functionally
characterize
bacterial
endophytes
inhabiting
muscadine
grape
berries
using
a
culture-dependent
approach.
We
isolated
diverse
species
spanning
six
genera-Bacillus,
Staphylococcus,
Paenibacillus,
Calidifontibacillus,
Curtobacterium,
Tatumella.
Microscopic
physiological
analysis
revealed
variations
morphology,
with
isolates
demonstrating
adaptability
varied
temperatures.
Cluster-based
indicated
functional
specialization
among
isolates,
from
Pseudomonadota
Actinomycetota
exhibiting
superior
growth-promoting
abilities,
whereas
Bacillota
displayed
potential
biocontrol
probiotic
properties.
Among
them,
Tatumella
ptyseos
demonstrated
exceptional
including
indole-3-acetic
acid
production,
nitrogen
fixation,
phosphate
solubilization,
carbohydrate
fermentation.
Additionally,
Bacillus
spp.
showed
presumptive
potential,
while
Paenibacillus
cineris
emerged
as
candidate.
The
identification
of
Calidifontibacillus
erzurumensis
novel
further
expands
known
biodiversity
grape-associated
microbes.
findings
provide
insights
into
metabolic
diversity
endophytes,
highlighting
agricultural
biotechnological
applications.
