Biofilm formation: mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets

Molecular Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Dec. 15, 2023

Abstract Biofilms are complex multicellular communities formed by bacteria, and their extracellular polymeric substances observed as surface-attached or non-surface-attached aggregates. Many types of bacterial species found in living hosts environments can form biofilms. These include pathogenic bacteria such Pseudomonas, which act persistent infectious responsible for a wide range chronic diseases well the emergence antibiotic resistance, thereby making them difficult to eliminate. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged model organism studying biofilm formation. In addition, other utilize formation plant colonization environmental persistence. effective aiding colonization, enhancing resistance antimicrobial host immune responses, facilitating cell‒cell signalling exchanges between community bacteria. The lack antibiotics targeting biofilms drug discovery process indicates need design new inhibitors drugs using various strategies different stages Growing that have been developed combat enzymes, those involved quorum sensing adhesion pathways. this review, with primary subject study, we review discuss mechanisms current therapeutic approaches, emphasizing clinical issues associated infections focusing on emerging strategies.

Language: Английский

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Piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles target biofilms and induce oral cancer apoptosis via BCl-2/BAX/P53 pathway

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: June 21, 2024

Abstract Background Dental pathogens play a crucial role in oral health issues, including tooth decay, gum disease, and infections, recent research suggests link between these cancer initiation progression. Innovative therapeutic approaches are needed due to antibiotic resistance concerns treatment limitations. Methods We synthesized analyzed piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-PIP NPs) using UV spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, FTIR, EDAX. Antioxidant antimicrobial effectiveness were evaluated through DPPH, ABTS, MIC assays, while the anticancer properties assessed on KB squamous carcinoma cells. Results ZnO-PIP NPs exhibited significant antioxidant activity of 50 µg/mL against dental pathogens, indicating strong properties. Interaction analysis revealed high binding affinity with pathogens. showed dose-dependent cells, upregulating apoptotic genes BCL2, BAX, P53. Conclusions This approach offers multifaceted solution combatting both infections cancer, showcasing their potential for advancement healthcare. It is essential acknowledge limitations challenges associated use ZnO clinical applications. These may include regarding nanoparticle toxicity, biocompatibility, long-term safety. Further rigorous testing warranted address issues ensure safe effective translation into practice.

Language: Английский

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Antibacterial Activity of Plant Polyphenols Belonging to the Tannins against Streptococcus mutans—Potential against Dental Caries

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 879 - 879

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Dental caries (DC) is the most common oral pathology. The main bacteria responsible for DC Streptococcus mutans. One of strategies that can decrease or eliminate risk development using compounds will inhibit both growth and virulence factors S. Tannins are plant polyphenols have strong antibacterial activity. purpose this study was to assess activity three tannins against In investigation, microbiological tests (MIC MBC) physicochemical techniques like fluorescence measurements tannins’ interaction with mutans cell membrane proteins, zeta potential, thermodynamic analyses were used obtain knowledge about potential investigated as well mechanisms associated obtained results demonstrate exhibit high their linked change in fluidity proteins result great disturbance bacterial physiology ultimately inhibition growth, triggering death. Therefore, it be concluded potentially natural prevention dental caries.

Language: Английский

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Revolutionizing Dentistry: Preclinical Insights and Future Applications of mRNA Vaccines in Dentistry—A Narrative Review

Dentistry Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 79 - 79

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Background: Recent advances in mRNA vaccine technology, accelerated by the global COVID-19 pandemic, have generated significant interest their applications beyond infectious diseases. Dentistry has emerged as a promising field for exploring potential of mRNA-based therapies preventing and treating oral Objectives: This narrative review aims to evaluate current status development its preclinical health, focusing on periodontal disease, dental caries, regenerative medicine, implantology, cancer. Methods: The synthesizes findings from studies, including research conducted animal models vitro, assess modulate immune responses promote tissue regeneration cavity. Clinical trials were only mentioned context broader areas implementation such oncology immunotherapy. Results: studies highlight capacity vaccines enhance body's response facilitate repair processes. Despite these results, challenges persist delivering effectively within complex environment. These include stability, delivery mechanisms, modulation responses. Conclusions: While offer promise revolutionizing health care, they face notable limitations concerning safety, efficacy, clinical feasibility. Overcoming obstacles through further is essential unlock full translational ensure safe effective integration into practice.

Language: Английский

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Exploration of the primary antibiofilm substance and mechanism employed by Lactobacillus salivarius ATCC 11741 to inhibit biofilm of Streptococcus mutans

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 11, 2025

Introduction Lactobacillus salivarius serves as a probiotic potentially capable of preventing dental caries both in vitro and vivo . This study focused on understanding the key antibiofilm agents mechanisms action Lactobacilli supernatant against Streptococcus mutans Methods biofilm was constructed cell-free added. After collected, RNA-seq qRT-PCR were then performed to get gene information. The influence temperature, pH other factors measured non-targeted metabolome analysis analyze effective components. Results findings indicated that derived from could inhibit formation at different times. Through transcriptome analysis, we discovered reduced formation, by suppressing phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase systems along with two ATP-binding cassette transporters, rather than directly affecting genes code for glucosyltransferases; additionally, observed diminish expression linked two-component systems, polyketides/non-ribosomal peptides, acid stress response, quorum sensing, exopolysaccharide formation. Non-targeted LC-MS/MS employed discover variety potential active compounds present cellular filtrate hinder growth S. mutans, including phenyllactic acid, sorbitol, honokiol. Discussion In summary, our support evaluation promising oral aimed hindering biofilms cariogenic pathogens development caries.

Language: Английский

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The potential use of bacteriophages as antibacterial agents in dental infection

Virology Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Dental infections, such as apical Periodontitis, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis (PI), are closely associated with specific bacterial species, including Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), among others. Antibiotics extensively utilized for prophylactic therapeutic purposes in the treatment of dental infections other dental-related issues. Unfortunately, rapid emergence antimicrobial resistance has accompanied increased use antibiotics recent years. Specific pathogens have reached a critical stage antibiotic resistance, characterized by proliferation pan-resistant strains scarcity viable alternatives. Therapeutic particular bacteriophage (phage) particles that target is one potential alternative to now being seriously considered treating illnesses. A kind virus known phage capable infecting eliminating bacteria. Because they can't infect cells plants animals, phages might be harmless substitute antibiotics. To control oral disorders periodontitis caries, several research been conducted this area study identify from human saliva plaque. The capacity these agents disturb biofilms expands their effectiveness against plaque cases PI, periodontitis. This review summarizes current antibacterial properties used treat variety peri-implantitis, infected dentin,

Language: Английский

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Investigation of Antimicrobial and Anti-Adherent Properties of Fabricated Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Modified with Tio2 Coating

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Cobalt-Chromium alloy is considered a metallic framework for osseointegrated prosthetic implants due to its mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the surface of this metal provides favorable environment growth proliferation bacteria funguses. The antimicrobial anti-adherent titanium dioxide (TiO2) can enhance these alloys. This study investigates antibacterial TiO2-coated chromium-cobalt in presence Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) bacteria. TiO2 thin film was coated using RF magnetron sputtering. Its microstructure thickness were evaluated scanning electron microscopy (SEM), profilometer (SPM), micro-scratch tests. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed anatase phase TiO2. samples control placed artificial culture environments assess impact on S. growth. coating 201 nm with an adhesion 802mN. mean standard deviation biofilm structures 416.56 × 106 ± 78.74 106, compared 1951.89 358.79 uncoated group. bacterial count discs significantly lower (p < 0.001). Additionally, colony counts cobalt chrome surfaces 110.67 18.78, against 2987.44 612.453 These results indicate that confers effects.

Language: Английский

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Streptococcus mutans biofilms in the establishment of dental caries: a review

3 Biotech, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3)

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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Construction and Characterization of Polyethylene Glycol/Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Loaded With Zirconia Nanoparticles: Potential Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agent to Inhibit Dental Caries In Vitro and In Vivo

Microscopy Research and Technique, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2025

Biofilm formation on tooth surfaces is a primary contributor to dental caries and periodontal diseases. Streptococcus mutans recognized for its role in biofilm production, significantly influencing the development of caries. Key virulence factors associated with S. biofilms include acid tolerance, synthesis exopolysaccharides (EPS). This study presents novel approach by focusing loading biosynthesized zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) onto polyethylene glycol/sodium alginate (PEG/SA) hydrogel nanocomposite, evaluating their effects biofilm-forming ability both vivo vitro. ZrO2 NPs were using Citrus aurantifolia (C. aurantifolia) extract incorporated into PEG/SA beads through sol-gel process. The PEG/SA/ZrO2 nanocomposite was confirmed diverse analyzes, including UV-visible spectroscopy, particle size measurement, morphology examination, spectral analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) hemolysis studies. average approximately 26 nm, while exhibited highly porous, sheet-like surface structure. In vitro results demonstrated inhibition zones 30 28 mm against mutans, respectively, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 12.5 mg/mL. growth curve indicated complete decline an 87% reduction when treated beads. SEM revealed that cells appeared lysed or crumpled, losing characteristic coccal shape after exposure Additionally, images effective prevention attachment teeth encapsulated hydrogel, altering mature developed treatment. Finally, incorporation hydrogels demonstrates significant potential as strategy inhibiting may serve promising topical agent reducing Further studies could explore long-term efficacy clinical applications this oral health care.

Language: Английский

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United effect of nonthermal plasma driven O3 water and phenolic compounds for bacterial biofilm quorum sensing reduction under the O3 processed nitro-hydroxylation and norfloxacin remediation via oxidation

Journal of Water Process Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 107756 - 107756

Published: April 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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