Current achievements and future prospects in the genetic breeding of chrysanthemum: a review

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Abstract Chrysanthemum ( morifolium Ramat.) is a leading flower with applied value worldwide. Developing new chrysanthemum cultivars novel characteristics such as colors and shapes, plant architectures, flowering times, postharvest quality, biotic abiotic stress tolerance in time- cost-efficient manner the ultimate goal for breeders. Various breeding strategies have been employed to improve aforementioned traits, ranging from conventional techniques, including crossbreeding mutation breeding, series of molecular methods, transgenic technology, genome editing, marker-assisted selection (MAS). In addition, recent extensive advances high-throughput technologies, especially genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, which are collectively referred omics platforms, led collection substantial amounts data. Integration these data phenotypic information will enable identification genes/pathways responsible important traits. Several attempts made use emerging methods aim accelerating chrysanthemum. However, applying findings studies practical remains considerable challenge, primarily due high heterozygosity polyploidy species. This review summarizes achievements modern technologies discusses their future applications improving agronomic horticultural

Language: Английский

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Analysis of the Coptis chinensis genome reveals the diversification of protoberberine-type alkaloids

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 2, 2021

Abstract Chinese goldthread ( Coptis chinensis Franch.), a member of the Ranunculales, represents an important early-diverging eudicot lineage with diverse medicinal applications. Here, we present high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly and annotation C. . Phylogenetic comparative genomic analyses reveal phylogenetic placement this species identify single round ancient whole-genome duplication (WGD) shared by Ranunculaceae. We characterize genes involved in biosynthesis protoberberine-type alkaloids In particular, local tandem duplications contribute to amplification Ranunculales clade-specific gene family cytochrome P450 (CYP) 719. The functional versatility key CYP719 that encodes S )-canadine synthase enzyme berberine pathway may play critical roles diversification other berberine-related Our study provides insights into landscape eudicots valuable model for genetic applied studies Ranunculales.

Language: Английский

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Analyses of a chromosome-scale genome assembly reveal the origin and evolution of cultivated chrysanthemum

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 11, 2023

Abstract Chrysanthemum ( morifolium Ramat.) is a globally important ornamental plant with great economic, cultural, and symbolic value. However, research on chrysanthemum challenging due to its complex genetic background. Here, we report near-complete assembly annotation for C. comprising 27 pseudochromosomes (8.15 Gb; scaffold N50 of 303.69 Mb). Comparative evolutionary analyses reveal whole-genome triplication (WGT) event shared by species approximately 6 million years ago (Mya) the possible lineage-specific polyploidization 3 Mya. Multilevel evidence suggests that likely segmental allopolyploid. Furthermore, combination genomics transcriptomics approaches demonstrate genome can be used identify genes underlying key traits. Phylogenetic analysis CmCCD4a traces flower colour breeding history cultivated chrysanthemum. Genomic resources generated from this study could help accelerate improvement.

Language: Английский

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Chrysanthemum morifolium as a traditional herb: A review of historical development, classification, phytochemistry, pharmacology and application

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 330, P. 118198 - 118198

Published: April 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Nanopore sequencing: flourishing in its teenage years

Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Development and evolution of the Asteraceae capitulum

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(1), P. 33 - 48

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Asteraceae represent one of the largest and most diverse families plants. The evolutionary success this family has largely been contributed to their unique inflorescences, capitula that mimic solitary flowers but are typically aggregates multiple florets. Here, we summarize recent molecular genetic level studies have promoted our understanding development evolution capitula. We focus on new results patterning enlarged meristem resulting in iconic phyllotactic arrangement florets Fibonacci numbers spirals. also current networks regulating characteristic reproductive traits such as floral dimorphism differentiation highly specialized organs. So far, developmental still limited a very narrow selection model species. Along with advancements genomics phylogenomics, its relatives provide an outstanding clade for extended evo-devo exploit morphological diversity underlying translate knowledge breeding key crops family.

Language: Английский

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The honeysuckle genome provides insight into the molecular mechanism of carotenoid metabolism underlying dynamic flower coloration

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 227(3), P. 930 - 943

Published: March 18, 2020

Summary Lonicera japonica is a widespread member of the Caprifoliaceae (honeysuckle) family utilized in traditional medical practices. This twining vine honeysuckle also much‐sought ornamental, part due to its dynamic flower coloration, which changes from white gold during development. The molecular mechanism underlying coloration L. was elucidated by integrating whole genome sequencing, transcriptomic analysis and biochemical assays. Here, we report chromosome‐level assembly , comprising nine pseudochromosomes with total size 843.2 Mb. We provide evidence for whole‐genome duplication event lineage leading occurred after divergence Dipsacales Asterales. Moreover, gene expression not only revealed correlated relevant biosynthetic genes carotenoid accumulation, but suggested role degradation japonica’s coloration. variation color consistent observed accumulation pattern, release volatile apocarotenoids that presumably serve as pollinator attractants. Beyond novel insights into evolution dynamics high‐quality sequence provides foundation breeding improve desired characteristics.

Language: Английский

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Anthocyanins in Floral Colors: Biosynthesis and Regulation in Chrysanthemum Flowers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(18), P. 6537 - 6537

Published: Sept. 7, 2020

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) is an economically important ornamental crop across the globe. As floral color major factor determining customer selection, manipulation of has been a objective for breeders. Anthocyanins are one main pigments contributing to broad variety colors in ray florets chrysanthemum. Manipulating petal resulted development vast range colors. Although candidate genes involved anthocyanin biosynthesis have well studied, genetic and transcriptional control remains unclear. Despite advances multi-omics technology, these methods remain their infancy chrysanthemum, owing its large complex genome hexaploidy. Hence, there need further elucidate better understand molecular regulatory mechanisms which can provide basis future breeding novel diverse this commercially beneficial crop. Therefore, review describes significance anthocyanins chrysanthemum flowers, mechanism under environmental factors, providing insight into colored florets. Genetic that various efforts modify detailed.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Genome Analysis of Scutellaria Baicalensis and Scutellaria Barbata Reveals the Evolution of Active Flavonoid Biosynthesis

Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 230 - 240

Published: June 1, 2020

Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) and barbata barbata) are common medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family. Both produce specific flavonoid compounds, including baicalein, scutellarein, norwogonin, wogonin, as well their glycosides, which exhibit antioxidant antitumor activities. Here, we report chromosome-level genome assemblies S. with quantitative chromosomal variation (2n = 18 2n 26, respectively). The divergence occurred far earlier than previously reported, a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was identified. insertion long terminal repeat elements after speciation might be responsible for observed expansion rearrangement. Comparative analysis congeneric species revealed species-specific evolution chrysin apigenin biosynthetic genes, such baicalensis-specific tandem genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase chalcone synthase, barbata-specific 4-CoA ligase. In addition, paralogous duplication, colinearity, expression diversity CYP82D subfamily members functional flavone hydroxylase between barbata. Analyzing these genomes reveals genes. Thus, findings would facilitate development molecular breeding studies biosynthesis regulation bioactive compounds.

Language: Английский

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Genome sequencing reveals chromosome fusion and extensive expansion of genes related to secondary metabolism in Artemisia argyi

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(10), P. 1902 - 1915

Published: June 11, 2022

Summary Artemisia argyi , as famous annua is a medicinal plant with huge economic value in the genus of and has been widely used world for about 3000 years. However, lack reference genome severely hinders understanding genetic basis active ingredient synthesis A. . Here, we firstly report complex chromosome‐level assembly large size 8.03 Gb, features high heterozygosity (2.36%), repetitive sequences (73.59%) number protein‐coding genes (279 294 total). The reveals at least three rounds whole‐genome duplication (WGD) events, including recent WGD event genome, burst transposable element, which may contribute to its size. genomic data karyotype analyses confirmed that an allotetraploid 34 chromosomes. Intragenome synteny analysis revealed chromosomes fusion occurred elucidates changes basic chromosome numbers genus. Significant expansion related photosynthesis, DNA replication, stress responses secondary metabolism were identified explaining extensive environmental adaptability rapid growth characteristics. In addition, analysed involved biosynthesis pathways flavonoids terpenoids, found gene amplification tandem contributed contents metabolites Overall, provides scientific support evolutionary biology, functional genomics breeding other species.

Language: Английский

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