The alamar blue assay in the context of safety testing of nanomaterials

Frontiers in Toxicology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Sept. 28, 2022

The Alamar Blue (AB) assay is widely used to investigate cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and cellular metabolic activity within different fields of toxicology. use the with nanomaterials (NMs) entails specific aspects including potential interference NMs test. procedure AB applied for testing described in detail step-by-step, from NM preparation, exposure, inclusion controls, analysis interpretation results. Provided that proper followed, relevant controls are included, a reliable high throughput test evaluate cytotoxicity/proliferation/metabolic response cells exposed NMs.

Language: Английский

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Toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: Cellular and behavioural effects

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 363, P. 142993 - 142993

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Due to their extensive use, the release of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) into environment is increasing and may lead unintended risk both human health ecosystems. Access ZnO NP brain has been demonstrated, so potential toxicity on nervous system a matter particular concern. Although evaluation reported in several previous studies, specific effects are not completely understood and, particularly, genetic material organism behaviour poorly addressed. We evaluated toxic vitro vivo, role ions (Zn

Language: Английский

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Assessing the antioxidant properties of Naringin and Rutin and investigating their oxidative DNA damage effects in breast cancer

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 3, 2024

Abstract This work examines the capacity of Naringin and Rutin to influence DNA damage response (DDR) pathway by investigating their interactions with key DDR proteins, including PARP-1, ATM, ATR, CHK1, WEE1. Through a combination in silico molecular docking vitro evaluations, we investigated cytotoxic genotoxic effects these compounds on MDA-MB-231 cells, comparing them normal human fibroblast cells (2DD) quiescent (QFC). The research found that had strong affinities for indicating specifically regulate pathways cancer cells. Both exhibited preferential cytotoxicity towards while preserving vitality 2DD as demonstrated experiments conducted at dose 10 µM. comet performed particularly QFC provide valuable information impact Rutin, highlighting targeted initiation need use precise cell models appropriately evaluate toxicity genotoxicity is emphasized this discrepancy. In addition, ADMET drug-likeness investigations have pharmacological potential compounds; however, they also pointed out necessity optimization improve therapeutic profiles. antioxidant capabilities were assessed using DPPH free radical scavenging assays concentration results confirmed both role reducing oxidative stress, hence enhancing anticancer effects. Overall, show medicines modulating treatment. They exhibit selective sparing possess properties. analysis enhances our understanding uses natural chemicals treatment, supporting more mechanisms action clinical effectiveness.

Language: Английский

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Intracellular Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Bioactive Profiles of Coffee Cascara and Black Tea Kombucha Beverages

Foods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1905 - 1905

Published: May 6, 2023

Kombucha is a functional beverage obtained through fermentation of sweetened Camellia sinensis infusion by symbiotic culture bacteria and yeasts that exerts many beneficial biological effects, mostly related to its antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects. Alternative raw materials have been used create new kombucha or kombucha-like products. Coffee the most important food commodity worldwide generates large amounts by-products during harvest post-harvest processing. The main coffee by-product dried fruit skin pulp, popularly known as cascara. To date, no studies evaluated potential bioactivity cascara kombucha. In this study, we aimed measure compare effects infusions kombuchas made with arabica cascaras (n = 2) black tea leaves 1), fermented for 0, 3, 6, 9 days on intracellular production Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Nitric Oxide (NO) in model cells. Oxidative stress was induced HK-2 cells indoxyl sulfate (IS) high glucose (G). Inflammation lipopolysaccharide (LPS) RAW 264.7 macrophage. contents phenolic compounds, caffeine, other physicochemical parameters were evaluated. best our knowledge, first study providing information bioactive profile Fermentation caused release bound compounds from infusions, especially total chlorogenic acids, an average increase 5.4 10.7 mg/100 mL (98%) 2.6-3.4 (30%) kombucha, respectively, up day 9. All beverages reduced (p < 0.0001) similarly ROS (41% reduction, average) uric acid (10-55%) concentrations cells, reversing oxidative stress. also 0.0001, 81-90%) NO formation LPS-induced macrophages, exhibiting effect. These health benefits may be attributed polyphenols whose comparable all beverages. showed similar C. produce healthy support sustainable production.

Language: Английский

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Guidance on the assessment of biocompatibility of biomaterials: Fundamentals and testing considerations

Dental Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(11), P. 1773 - 1785

Published: Aug. 10, 2024

Assessing the biocompatibility of materials is crucial for ensuring safety and well-being patients by preventing undesirable, toxic, immune, or allergic reactions, that remain functional over time without triggering adverse reactions. To ensure a comprehensive assessment, planning tests carefully consider intended application potential exposure scenarios selecting relevant assays, cell types, testing parameters essential. Moreover, characterizing composition properties biomaterials allows more accurate understanding test outcomes identification factors contributing to cytotoxicity. Precise reporting methodology results facilitates research reproducibility findings scientific community, regulatory agencies, healthcare providers, general public. This article aims provide an overview key concepts associated with evaluating while also offering practical guidance on cellular principles, methodologies, biological assays can support in planning, execution, testing.

Language: Английский

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Systematic review on primary and secondary genotoxicity of carbon black nanoparticles in mammalian cells and animals

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 790, P. 108441 - 108441

Published: July 1, 2022

Carbon black exposure causes oxidative stress, inflammation and genotoxicity. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the contributions primary (i.e. direct formation DNA damage) secondary genotoxicity (i.e., lesions produced indirectly by inflammation) overall level damage carbon black. database is dominated studies that have measured comet assay. Cell culture indicate a genotoxic action black, which might be mediated stress. Many in vivo originate from one laboratory has investigated effects Printex 90 mice intra-tracheal instillation. Meta-analysis pooled analysis these results demonstrate associated with slightly increased strand breaks bronchoalveolar lavage cells lung tissue. Other types not been as thoroughly breaks, although there evidence suggest increase mutation frequency cytogenetic endpoints. Stratification according concurrent does gives rise Even substantial pulmonary at best only weak response In conclusion, indicates nanosized agent effect more likely mechanism action, e.g., than inflammation-driven (secondary)

Language: Английский

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Visual comet scoring revisited: a guide to scoring comet assay slides and obtaining reliable results

Mutagenesis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(5), P. 253 - 263

Published: May 26, 2023

Measurement of DNA migration in the comet assay can be done by image analysis or visual scoring. The latter accounts for 20%-25% published results. Here we assess intra- and inter-investigator variability scoring comets. We include three training sets images, which used as reference researchers who wish to use Investigators 11 different laboratories scored images using a five-class system. There is variation comets (i.e. coefficient (CV) = 9.7%, 19.8%, 15.2% I-III, respectively). However, there also positive correlation (r 0.60). Overall, 36% attributed 64% stems from intra-investigator between I-III look slightly this gives rise heterogeneity scoring). Intra-investigator was assessed repeated same investigator. larger when were over period six months (CV 5.9%-9.6%) compared 1 week 1.3%-6.1%). A subsequent study revealed high premade slides, prepared central laboratory, stained investigators 105% 18%-20% slides with unexposed hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells, results indicate that further standardization desirable. Nevertheless, demonstrates reliable way analysing

Language: Английский

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Gastrointestinal tract exposure to particles and DNA damage in animals: A review of studies before, during and after the peak of nanotoxicology

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 793, P. 108491 - 108491

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Humans ingest particles and fibers on daily basis. Non-digestible carbohydrates are beneficial to health food additives considered safe. However, titanium dioxide (E171) has been banned in the European Union because Food Safety Authority no longer considers it non-genotoxic. Ingestion of microplastics nanoplastics novel exposures; their potential hazardous effects humans have under radar for many years. In this review, we assessed association between oral exposure man-made particles/fibers genotoxicity gastrointestinal tract cells secondary tissues. We identified a total 137 studies fibers. This was reduced 49 papers with sufficient quality relevance, including exposures asbestos, diesel exhaust particles, dioxide, silver nanoparticles, zinc oxide, synthetic amorphous silica certain other nanomaterials. Nineteen show positive results, 25 null 5 equivocal results genotoxicity. Recent seem effects, whereas there is higher proportion early studies. Genotoxic cluster oxide mainly effects. The most widely used genotoxic tests alkaline comet assay micronucleus assay. There relatively few using reliable measurements oxidatively damaged DNA, DNA double strand breaks (γH2AX assay) mutations. general, evidence suggest that associated animals.

Language: Английский

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In situ biosensing for cell viability and drug evaluation in 3D extracellular matrix cultures: Applications in cytoprotection of oxidative stress injury

Talanta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 287, P. 127588 - 127588

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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“From darkness to radiance”: Light-induced type I and II ROS-mediated apoptosis for anticancer effects of dansylpiperazine-bearing squaraine dyes

Bioorganic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108379 - 108379

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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