The Role of School Environment in Brain Structure, Connectivity, and Mental Health in Children: A Multimodal Investigation

Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 32 - 41

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Socioeconomic resources are associated with distributed alterations of the brain’s intrinsic functional architecture in youth

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 101164 - 101164

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Little is known about how exposure to limited socioeconomic resources (SER) in childhood gets "under the skin" shape brain development, especially using rigorous whole-brain multivariate methods large, adequately powered samples. The present study examined resting state functional connectivity patterns from 5821 youth Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, employing across three levels: whole-brain, network-wise, and connection-wise. Across all levels, SER was associated with widespread alterations connectome. However, critically, we found that parental education primary driver of neural associations SER. These developing connectome exhibited notable concentrations somatosensory subcortical regions, they were partially accounted for by home enrichment activities, child's cognitive abilities, grades, indicating interwoven links between education, child stimulation, performance. results add a new data-driven, perspective on household

Language: Английский

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Association of Preterm Birth and Socioeconomic Status With Neonatal Brain Structure

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. e2316067 - e2316067

Published: May 31, 2023

Importance Preterm birth and socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with brain structure in childhood, but the relative contributions of each during neonatal period unknown. Objective To investigate associations gestational age (GA) SES morphology by testing 3 hypotheses: GA morphology; between vary GA; depend on how is operationalized. Design, Setting, Participants This cohort study recruited participants from November 2016 to September 2021 at a single center United Kingdom. were 170 extremely very preterm infants 91 full-term or near-term infants. Exclusion criteria major congenital malformation, chromosomal abnormality, infection, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, hemorrhagic parenchymal infarction, posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation. Exposures Birth SES, operationalized neighborhood level (using Scottish Index Multiple Deprivation), family parental education occupation), subjectively (World Health Organization Quality Life measure). Main Outcomes Measures Brain volume (85 parcels) 5 whole-brain cortical measures (gyrification index, thickness, sulcal depth, curvature, surface area) term-equivalent (median [range] age, 40 weeks, days [36 2 45 6 days] 42 weeks [38 46 1 day] for infants, respectively). Results (95 [55.9%] male; 4 166 [2.4%] Asian, 145 [87.3%] White) (50 [54.9%] 86 [3.5%] 78 [90.7%] White infants) median (range) GAs 30 0 (22 day, 32 days) 39 (36 days, day), respectively. In fully adjusted models, was higher proportion volumes (27 85 parcels [31.8%]; β range, −0.20 0.24) than neighborhood-level (1 [1.2%]; = 0.17 [95% CI, −0.16 0.50]) family-level (maternal education: [4.7%]; 0.09 0.15; maternal occupation: 0.06 0.02 0.11] There interactions both subjective regional volumes. area (β 0.10 0.18]) gyrification index 0.16 0.07 0.25]); no measure measures. Conclusions Relevance this UK morphology, low had more widely distributed SES. Further work warranted elucidate mechanisms underlying association early development.

Language: Английский

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Neighborhood poverty during childhood prospectively predicts adolescent functional brain network architecture

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64, P. 101316 - 101316

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

Family poverty has been associated with altered brain structure, function, and connectivity in youth. However, few studies have examined how disadvantage within the broader neighborhood may influence functional network organization. The present study leveraged a longitudinal community sample of 538 twins living low-income neighborhoods to evaluate prospective association between exposure during childhood (6-10 y) architecture adolescence (8-19 y). Using resting-state task-based fMRI, we generated two latent measures that captured intrinsic organization across whole-brain levels - segregation segregation-integration balance. While age was positively balance overall sample, these associations were moderated by poverty. Specifically, positive observed only youth from more, but not less, disadvantaged neighborhoods. Moreover, greater predicted reduced early, middle or late, adolescence. These effects detected both system as well specific networks, including fronto-parietal, default mode, salience, subcortical systems. findings indicate where children live exert long-reaching on development adolescent brain.

Language: Английский

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A longitudinal study of childhood maltreatment, subcortical development, and subcortico-cortical structural maturational coupling from early to late adolescence

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53(16), P. 7525 - 7536

Published: May 19, 2023

Abstract Background Examining neurobiological mechanisms that may transmit the effects of childhood maltreatment on mental health in youth is crucial for understanding vulnerability to psychopathology. This study investigated associations between maltreatment, adolescent structural brain development, and trajectories into young-adulthood. Methods Structural magnetic resonance imaging data was acquired from 144 at three time points (age 12, 16, 18 years). Childhood reported occur prior first scan. Linear mixed models were utilized examine association total neglect, abuse (i) amygdala hippocampal volume (ii) maturational coupling amygdala/hippocampus thickness prefrontal regions. We also examined whether development mediated depressive anxiety symptoms age 12 28. Results Total associated with positive caudal anterior cingulate cortex (cACC), whereby higher lower levels growth, PFC thinning, respectively. Neglect hippocampus While amygdala-cACC greater increases symptoms, it did not significantly mediate symptom trajectories. Conclusion found be altered patterns subcortical regions during adolescence, suggesting socio-emotional neural circuitry. The implications these findings require further investigation.

Language: Английский

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