Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 76 - 76

Published: March 29, 2019

Emotion regulation skills develop substantially across adolescence, a period characterized by emotional challenges and developing regulatory neural circuitry. Adolescence is also risk for the new onset of anxiety depressive disorders, psychopathologies which have long been associated with disruptions in positive negative emotions. This paper reviews current understanding role disrupted emotion adolescent depression, describing findings from self-report, behavioral, peripheral psychophysiological, measures. Self-report studies robustly identified associations between dysregulation depression. Findings behavioral psychophysiological are mixed, some suggestion specific impairments reappraisal anxiety. Results neuroimaging broadly implicate altered functioning amygdala-prefrontal cortical circuitries, although again, mixed regarding patterns functioning. Future work may benefit focusing on designs that contrast effects strategies, isolate changes reactivity. Approaches to improve treatments based empirical evidence adolescents discussed. intervention might consider training measurement strategies better understand as treatment mechanism.

Language: Английский

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The Biology of Human Resilience: Opportunities for Enhancing Resilience Across the Life Span

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 86(6), P. 443 - 453

Published: July 24, 2019

Language: Английский

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Systematic Review of Electronic Cigarette Use (Vaping) and Mental Health Comorbidity Among Adolescents and Young Adults

Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 415 - 425

Published: Sept. 4, 2020

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of electronic cigarette (EC) use has risen dramatically among adolescents and young adults (AYA, ages 12–26) over the past decade. Despite extensive established relationships between combustible mental health problems, comorbidities EC remain unclear. Aims Methods To provide a systematic review existing literature on AYA. Database searches using search terms related to EC, AYA, identified 1168 unique articles, 87 which prompted full-text screening. Multiple authors extracted data, applied Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool evaluate evidence, synthesized findings. Results Forty articles met eligibility criteria (n = 24 predominantly adolescent 16 adult). Analyses yielded three main categories focus: internalizing disorders (including depression, anxiety, suicidality, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder), externalizing (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder conduct transdiagnostic concepts (impulsivity perceived stress). Significant methodological limitations were noted. Conclusions Youth is associated with greater problems (compared nonuse) across several domains, particularly adolescents. Because many studies are cross-sectional, directionality remains uncertain. Well-designed longitudinal investigate long-term sequelae needed. Implications recent demonstrate variety AYA use, Mental generally parallel those few exceptions. Future prevention treatment strategies may be enhanced by addressing health.

Language: Английский

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Prediction complements explanation in understanding the developing brain

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 5, 2018

A central aim of human neuroscience is understanding the neurobiology cognition and behavior. Although we have made significant progress towards this goal, reliance on group-level studies developed adult brain has limited our ability to explain population variability developmental changes in neural circuitry In review, suggest that predictive modeling, a method for predicting individual differences behavior from features, can complement descriptive approaches provide new ways account variability. Highlighting outsized scientific clinical benefits prediction populations including adolescence, show brain-based models are already providing insights adolescent-specific risk-related behaviors. Together with large-scale neuroimaging datasets complementary analytic approaches, modeling affords us opportunity obligation identify novel treatment targets individually tailor course interventions psychopathologies impact so many young people today.

Language: Английский

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Stress and adolescence: vulnerability and opportunity during a sensitive window of development

Current Opinion in Psychology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 286 - 292

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Consequences of adolescent drug use

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Abstract Substance use in adolescence is a known risk factor for the development of neuropsychiatric and substance disorders adulthood. This part due to fact that critical aspects brain occur during adolescence, which can be altered by drug use. Despite concerted efforts educate youth about potential negative consequences use, initiation remains common amongst adolescents world-wide. Additionally, though there has been substantial research on topic, many questions remain predictors adolescent In following review, we will highlight some most recent literature neurobiological behavioral effects rodents, non-human primates, humans, with specific focus alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, interactions between these substances. Overall, consumption substances produce long-lasting changes across variety structures networks have enduring behavior, emotion, cognition.

Language: Английский

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Early-life adversity and neurological disease: age-old questions and novel answers

Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 657 - 669

Published: Sept. 17, 2019

Language: Английский

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Shifting gradients of macroscale cortical organization mark the transition from childhood to adolescence

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(28)

Published: July 6, 2021

Significance Here, we describe age-dependent shifts in the macroscale organization of cortex childhood and adolescence. The characterization functional connectivity patterns children revealed an overarching organizational framework anchored within unimodal cortex, between somatosensory/motor visual regions. Conversely, adolescents, observed a transition into adult-like gradient, situating default network at opposite end spectrum from primary This spatial emerged gradually with age, reaching sharp inflection point to These data reveal developmental change motif first dominated by distinction sensory motor systems then balanced through interactions later-maturing aspects association that support more abstract cognitive functions.

Language: Английский

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Towards a youth mental health paradigm: a perspective and roadmap

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 3171 - 3181

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Abstract Most mental disorders have a typical onset between 12 and 25 years of age, highlighting the importance this period for pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment ill-health. This perspective addresses interactions risk protective factors brain development as key pillars accounting emergence psychopathology in youth. Moreover, we propose that novel approaches towards early diagnosis interventions are required reflect evolution emerging psychopathology, service models, knowledge exchange science practitioners. Taken together, transformative intervention paradigm research clinical care could significantly enhance health young people initiate shift prevention severe disorders.

Language: Английский

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Interventions targeting emotion regulation: A systematic umbrella review

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 263 - 274

Published: April 18, 2024

Emotion dysregulation (ED), the difficulty in modulating which emotions are felt, and when how they expressed or experienced, has been implicated an array of psychological disorders. Despite potentially different manifestations depending on disorder, this symptom is emerging as a transdiagnostic construct that can should be targeted early, given associations with various maladaptive behaviors early childhood adolescence. As such, our goal was to investigate psychotherapeutic interventions used address ED gauge their effectiveness, safety, potential mechanisms across populations. This umbrella systematic review, pre-registered under PROSPERO (registration: CRD42023411452), consolidates evidence from reviews meta-analyses targeting ED, accordance PRISMA guidelines. Our synthesis quantitative qualitative 21 (including 11 meta-analyses) points—with moderate overall risk bias—to effectiveness Dialectical Behavior Therapy Cognitive Behavioral reducing wide range adult psychiatric patients healthy participants. Similar results have emerged other less extensively researched methods well. However, adolescents children sparse, highlighting need for additional research tailor these unique challenges younger populations diverse externalizing internalizing These demonstrated advantages psychotherapy underscore specifically designed issue directly, particularly high-risk individuals. In individuals, core dimensions may mitigate emergence full-blown Future mediating factors, durability intervention effects, exploration understudied enhance prevention treatment efficiency, enhancing quality life those affected by varied ED.

Language: Английский

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