Brain functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging of obesity and weight loss interventions

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 1466 - 1479

Published: March 14, 2023

Abstract Obesity has tripled over the past 40 years to become a major public health issue, as it is linked with increased mortality and elevated risk for various physical neuropsychiatric illnesses. Accumulating evidence from neuroimaging studies suggests that obesity negatively affects brain function structure, especially within fronto-mesolimbic circuitry. Obese individuals show abnormal neural responses food cues, taste smell, resting-state activity functional connectivity, cognitive tasks including decision-making, inhibitory-control, learning/memory, attention. In addition, associated altered cortical morphometry, lowered gray/white matter volume, impaired white integrity. Various interventions treatments bariatric surgery, most effective treatment in clinical practice, well dietary, exercise, pharmacological, neuromodulation such transcranial direct current stimulation, magnetic stimulation neurofeedback have been employed achieved promising outcomes. These appear normalize hyper- hypoactivations of regions involved reward processing, food-intake control, function, also promote recovery structural abnormalities. This paper provides comprehensive literature review recent advances on underlying mechanisms both interventions, hope guiding development novel treatments.

Language: Английский

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The Potential of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy-Based Neurofeedback—A Systematic Review and Recommendations for Best Practice

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: July 21, 2020

Background: The effects of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-neurofeedback on brain activation behaviors have been studied extensively in the past. More recently, researchers begun to investigate near-infrared spectroscopy-based neurofeedback (fNIRS-neurofeedback). FNIRS is a neuroimaging technique based hemodynamics, which easy use, portable, inexpensive, has reduced sensitivity movement artifacts. Method: We provide first systematic review database fNIRS-neurofeedback studies, synthesizing findings from 22 peer-reviewed studies (including total N = 441 participants; 337 healthy, 104 patients). (1) give comprehensive overview how training protocols were implemented, (2) online signal-processing methods used, (3) evaluate quality using pre-set methodological reporting criteria also present statistical sensitivity/power analyses, (4) effectiveness modulating activation, (5) its changing behavior healthy pathological populations. Results discussion: (1-2) Published are heterogeneous (e.g., targets, investigated populations, applied protocols, methods). Large randomized controlled trials still lacking. In view novelty field, published moderate. identified room for improvement important information power detect realistic effects. Several show that people can regulate hemodynamic signals cortical regions with these indicate feasibility motor control prefrontal functioning participants ameliorating symptoms clinical populations (stroke, ADHD, autism, social anxiety). However, valid conclusions about specificity or potential utility premature. Conclusion: Due advantages practicability relatively low cost, might suitable powerful alternative EEG fMRI great translation neurofeedback. Together more rigorous research practices, further improvements may lead solid understanding fNIRS-neurofeedback. Future will benefit exploiting fNIRS, offers unique opportunities research.

Language: Английский

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Food Addiction: Implications for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Overeating

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2086 - 2086

Published: Sept. 4, 2019

With the obesity epidemic being largely attributed to overeating, much research has been aimed at understanding psychological causes of overeating and using this knowledge develop targeted interventions. Here, we review literature under a model food addiction present evidence according fifth edition Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM-5) criteria for substance use disorders. We several innovative treatments related ranging from cognitive intervention tasks neuromodulation techniques. conclude that there is suggest that, some individuals, can induce addictive-type behaviours similar those seen with other addictive substances. However, DSM-5 having limited application term ‘food addiction’ likely apply only in minority cases. Nevertheless, investigating underlying within context led novel potentially effective Understanding similarities differences between characteristics illicit substances should prove fruitful further developing these

Language: Английский

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A systematic review of fMRI neurofeedback reporting and effects in clinical populations

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 102496 - 102496

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Real-time fMRI-based neurofeedback is a relatively young field with potential to impact the currently available treatments of various disorders. In order evaluate evidence clinical benefits and investigate how consistently studies report their methods results, an exhaustive search fMRI in populations was performed. Reporting evaluated using limited number Consensus on reporting experimental design cognitive-behavioral (CRED-NF checklist) items, which was, together statistical power sensitivity calculation, used also existing measures. The 62 found investigated regulation abilities and/or wide range disorders, but small sample sizes were therefore unable detect effects. Most points from CRED-NF checklist adequately reported by majority studies, some improvements are suggested for group comparisons relations between success benefits. To establish as tool, more emphasis should be placed future larger determined through priori calculations standardization procedures reporting.

Language: Английский

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Predictors of real-time fMRI neurofeedback performance and improvement – A machine learning mega-analysis

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 118207 - 118207

Published: May 25, 2021

Real-time fMRI neurofeedback is an increasingly popular neuroimaging technique that allows individual to gain control over his/her own brain signals, which can lead improvements in behavior healthy participants as well of clinical symptoms patient populations. However, a considerably large ratio undergoing training do not learn their signals and, consequently, benefit from interventions, limits efficacy interventions. As success varies between studies and participants, it important identify factors might influence success. Here, for the first time, we employed big data machine learning approach investigate 20 different design-specific (e.g. activity vs. connectivity feedback), region interest-specific cortical subcortical) subject-specific age) on performance improvement 608 28 independent experiments. With classification accuracy 60% (considerably chance level), identified two significantly influenced performance: Both inclusion pre-training no-feedback run before patients compared were associated with better performance. The positive effect runs be due familiarization setup mental imagery task runs. Better driven by higher motivation patients, ranges regulation dysfunctional or more extensive piloting experimental paradigms. Due heterogeneity our dataset, these findings likely generalize across studies, thus providing guidance designing efficient specifically improving neurofeedback-based To facilitate development data-driven recommendations specific design details subpopulations field would stronger engagement open science research practices sharing.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between emotions and eating behaviors: Main issues, neuroimaging contributions, and innovative preventive or corrective strategies

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 807 - 831

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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Inhibitory control as a potential treatment target for obesity

Nutritional Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 429 - 444

Published: March 28, 2022

Objectives: Strong reward responsiveness to food and insufficient inhibitory control are thought be implicated in the development maintenance of obesity. This narrative review addresses role obesity weight loss, how far is a promising target for loss interventions. Methods: PubMed, Web Science, Google Scholar were searched papers up May 2021. 41 included. Results: Individuals with have poorer food-specific control, particularly when hungry, less concurrent activation brain areas. Moreover, this was strongly predictive future gain. More areas, on other hand, loss: individuals successful initially show activity comparable that normal individuals. When achieved at least 1 year, further increased. Interventions targeting obese divergent effects. Firstly, training effective people low high BMI. Secondly, neuromodulation paradigms rather heterogeneous: although rTMS left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex induced some weight-loss, multiple sessions tDCS reduced consumption (desire) two thirds papers. Thirdly, neurofeedback results upregulation connectivity, but occasionally leads increased intake. In conclusion, It can targeted promote major losses not been achieved.

Language: Английский

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Just a very expensive breathing training? Risk of respiratory artefacts in functional connectivity-based real-time fMRI neurofeedback

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 210, P. 116580 - 116580

Published: Jan. 25, 2020

Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRI NFB) is a promising method for targeted regulation of pathological brain processes in mental disorders. But most NFB approaches so far have used relatively restricted regional activation as target, which might not address the complexity underlying network changes. Aiming towards advancing novel treatment tools disorders like schizophrenia, we developed large-scale connectivity-based rtfMRI approach targeting dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate connectivity with striatum. In double-blind randomized yoke-controlled single-session feasibility study N ​= ​38 healthy controls, identified strong associations between our estimates physiological parameters reflecting rate regularity breathing. These undesired artefacts are especially detrimental NFB, where same data serves an online feedback signal offline analysis target. To evaluate ways to control respiratory artefacts, compared model-based nuisance regression global (GSR) found that GSR was effective data. Our results strongly emphasize need suggest be useful correction artefacts.

Language: Английский

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Diminished prefrontal cortex activation in patients with binge eating disorder associates with trait impulsivity and improves after impulsivity-focused treatment based on a randomized controlled IMPULS trial

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30, P. 102679 - 102679

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Behavioral and cognitive control are vital for healthy eating behavior. Patients with binge disorder (BED) suffer under recurrent episodes accompanied by subjective loss of that results, among other factors, from increased impulsivity. In the current study, we investigated frontal network using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during a food specific go/nogo task to assess response inhibition in 24 patients BED (BMI range 22.6–59.7 kg/m2) compared 12 controls (HC) 20.9–27 kg/m2). were invited undergo fNIRS measurements before an impulsivity-focused behavioral group treatment, directly after this treatment 3 months afterwards. As was planned subgroup analysis randomized controlled IMPULS trial, either (n = 14) or 10). The received 8 weekly sessions treatment. We found significant effect (nogo minus go), terms oxygenated hemoglobin bilateral prefrontal cortex both groups. greatest observed when participants instructed go withhold their unhealthy high caloric cues. nogo condition failed show inhibitory response, which probably related design, as considered more demanding. patients, especially those higher trait impulsivity, showed weaker activation inhibition, predominantly right hemisphere. Interestingly, three activity inhibition. Likewise, correlated decreased impulsivity Our results suggest have limited resources activate asked inhibit reaction onto food-specific stimuli. However, could be partly driven differences BMI between HC group. Cognitive-behavioral therapy targeting impulsive behavior may improve recruitment

Language: Английский

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A brief real-time fNIRS-informed neurofeedback training of the prefrontal cortex changes brain activity and connectivity during subsequent working memory challenge

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 110968 - 110968

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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