Exploring the Role of Neuroplasticity in Development, Aging, and Neurodegeneration

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1610 - 1610

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of brain reorganize and modify its neural connections in response environmental stimuli, experience, learning, injury, disease processes. It encompasses a range mechanisms, including changes synaptic strength connectivity, formation new synapses, alterations structure function neurons, generation neurons. plays crucial role developing maintaining function, learning memory, as well recovery from injury adaptation changes. In this review, we explore vast potential neuroplasticity various aspects across lifespan context disease. Changes aging significance cognitive later life will also be reviewed. Finally, discuss common mechanisms associated with age-related neurodegenerative processes (including protein aggregation accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation) how these can mitigated, at least partially, by non-invasive non-pharmacologic lifestyle interventions aimed promoting harnessing neuroplasticity.

Language: Английский

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A Decade of Dedication: Pioneering Perspectives on Neurological Diseases and Mental Illnesses

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1083 - 1083

Published: May 13, 2024

Welcome to

Language: Английский

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Impact of Early Life Stress on Reward Circuit Function and Regulation

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

Early life stress – including experience of child maltreatment, neglect, separation from or loss a parent, and other forms adversity increases lifetime risk mood, anxiety, substance use disorders. A major component this may be early stress-induced alterations in motivation reward processing, mediated by changes the nucleus accumbens (NAc) ventral tegmental area (VTA). Here, we review evidence impact on circuit structure function human animal models, with focus NAc. We then connect these results to emerging theoretical models about indirect direct impacts development. Through synthesis, aim highlight open research questions suggest avenues future study service basic science, as well applied insights. Understanding how alters development, function, motivated behaviors is critical first step toward developing ability predict, prevent, treat stress-related psychopathology spanning

Language: Английский

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An exploration of dimensions of early adversity and the development of functional brain network connectivity during adolescence: Implications for trajectories of internalizing symptoms

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(2), P. 557 - 571

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Abstract Different dimensions of adversity may affect mental health through distinct neurobiological mechanisms, though current supporting evidence consists largely cross-sectional associations between threat or deprivation and fronto-limbic circuitry. In this exploratory three-wave longitudinal study spanning ages 9–19 years, we examined the experiences unpredictability, threat, with development functional connectivity within three brain networks implicated in psychopathology: salience (SAL), default mode (DMN), fronto-parietal (FPN) networks, tested whether network trajectories moderated changes internalizing symptoms. Connectivity decreased age on average; these differed by dimension adversity. Whereas family-level was associated lower initial levels more stability across most unpredictability only SAL connectivity, FPN DMN-SAL connectivity. youth exposed to higher any adversity, were related smaller increases Our findings suggest that whereas is widespread neurodevelopmental differences cognitive emotion processing selectively detection Studies wider developmental windows should examine alterations are adaptive serve maintain

Language: Английский

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Neurostructural traces of early life adversities: A meta-analysis exploring age- and adversity-specific effects

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 104589 - 104589

Published: Feb. 18, 2022

Language: Английский

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Long-Term Impact of Early-Life Stress on Serotonin Connectivity

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(4), P. 287 - 299

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

BackgroundChronic childhood stress is a prominent risk factor for developing affective disorders, yet mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Maintenance of optimal serotonin (5-HT) levels during early postnatal development critical the maturation brain circuits. Understanding long-lasting effects life (ELS) on serotonin-modulated connectivity crucial to develop treatments arising from stress.MethodsUsing mouse model chronic developmental stress, we determined consequences ELS 5-HT circuits and behavior in female male mice. Using FosTRAP mice, cross-correlated regional c-fos density determine brain-wide functional raphe nucleus. We next performed vivo fiber photometry establish ELS-induced deficits dynamics optogenetics stimulate release improve behavior.ResultsAdult mice exposed showed heightened anxiety-like behavior. further enhanced susceptibility acute by disrupting nucleus activity neuron population, conjunction with increased orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) disrupted medial OFC (mOFC). Optogenetic stimulation terminals mOFC elicited an anxiolytic effect sex-dependent manner.ConclusionThese findings suggest significant disruption 5-HT-modulated response ELS, implications vulnerability. The raphe-mOFC circuit provides potential targeted stimulation-based disorders that arise adversities.

Language: Английский

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Childhood maltreatment influences adult brain structure through its effects on immune, metabolic, and psychosocial factors

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(16)

Published: April 9, 2024

Childhood maltreatment (CM) leads to a lifelong susceptibility mental ill-health which might be reflected by its effects on adult brain structure, perhaps indirectly mediated metabolic, immune, and psychosocial systems. Indexing these systemic factors via body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), rates of trauma (AT), respectively, we tested three hypotheses: (H1) CM has direct or indirect trauma, BMI, CRP; (H2) CRP are all independently related structure; (H3) childhood structure in parallel CRP, AT. Using path analysis data from

Language: Английский

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The impact of psychosocial adversity on brain and behaviour: an overview of existing knowledge and directions for future research

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(10), P. 3245 - 3267

Published: April 24, 2024

Environmental experiences play a critical role in shaping the structure and function of brain. Its plasticity response to different external stimuli has been focus research efforts for decades. In this review, we explore effects adversity on brain's its implications brain development, adaptation, emergence mental health disorders. We are focusing adverse events that emerge from immediate surroundings an individual, i.e., microenvironment. They include childhood maltreatment, peer victimisation, social isolation, affective loss, domestic conflict, poverty. also take into consideration exposure environmental toxins. Converging evidence suggests types may share common underlying mechanisms while exhibiting unique pathways. However, they often studied limiting our understanding their combined interconnected nature impact. The integration large, deep-phenotyping datasets collaborative can provide sufficient power analyse high dimensional profiles advance systematic mapping neuronal mechanisms. This review provides background future research, highlighting importance cumulative impact various adversities, through data-driven approaches integrative multimodal analysis techniques.

Language: Английский

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Improving fMRI-Based Autism Severity Identification via Brain Network Distance and Adaptive Label Distribution Learning

IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 162 - 174

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Machine learning methodologies have been profoundly researched in the realm of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis. Nonetheless, owing to ambiguity ASD severity labels and individual differences severity, current fMRI-based methods for identifying still do not achieve satisfactory performance. Besides, potential association between brain functional networks(BFN) symptom remains under investigation. To address these problems, we propose a low&high-level BFN distance method an adaptive multi-label distribution(HBFND-AMLD) technique identification. First, low-level high-level distance(HBFND) is proposed construct that reflects severity. This can measure health control(HC) on low-order high-order respectively, which distinguish ASD. After that, multi-task network identification considers communication society, language social skills patients. Finally, novel label distribution(ALD) employed train model, effectively preventing overfitting by restricting probability distribution. We evaluate framework public ABIDE I dataset. The promising results obtained our outperform state-of-the-art with increase performance, indicating it has clinical prospect practical

Language: Английский

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Electroacupuncture restores maternal separation-induced glutamatergic presynaptic deficits of the medial prefrontal cortex in adulthood

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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