Brain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 149643 - 149643
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19
Published: Feb. 28, 2025
This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which (i) physical activity (PA) enhances neuroplasticity and cognitive function in neurodegenerative disorders, (ii) identify specific PA interventions for improving rehabilitation programs. We conducted a literature search PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, covering publications from January 1990 August 2024. The strategy employed key terms related neuroplasticity, exercise, function, personalized activity. Inclusion criteria included original research on relationship between while exclusion eliminated studies focusing solely pharmacological interventions. identified multiple pathways may enhance including releasing neurotrophic factors, modulation neuroinflammation, reduction oxidative stress, enhancement synaptic connectivity neurogenesis. Aerobic exercise was found increase hippocampal volume by 1–2% improve executive scores 5–10% older adults. Resistance training enhanced control memory performance 12–18% elderly individuals. Mind–body exercises, such as yoga tai-chi, improved gray matter density memory-related brain regions 3–5% emotional regulation 15–20%. Dual-task attention processing speed 8–14% individuals with disorders. also discuss potential role AI-based AI preventing rehabilitating illnesses, highlighting innovative approaches patient outcomes. significantly disorders various mechanisms. resistance training, mind–body practices, dual-task exercises each offer unique benefits. Implementing these activities clinical settings can Future should focus creating tailored conditions, incorporating programs optimize rehabilitation.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 5 - 19
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
The hippocampus, noted as (HC), plays a crucial role in the processes of learning, memory formation, and spatial navigation. Recent research reveals that this brain region can undergo structural functional changes due to environmental exposures, including stress, noise pollution, sleep deprivation, microgravity. This review synthesizes findings from animal human studies, emphasizing HC's plasticity response these factors. It examines volume, architecture, neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, gene expression highlights critical periods vulnerability influences impacting cognition behavior. also investigates underlying mechanisms such glucocorticoid signaling, epigenetic alterations, neural circuit adaptations. Understanding how HC reacts various exposures is vital for developing strategies enhance cognitive resilience mitigate negative effects on region. Further needed identify protective risk factors create effective interventions.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
Abstract Concurrent application of transcranial alternating current stimulation over distant cortical regions has been shown to modulate functional connectivity between stimulated regions; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated how bifocal applied bilateral primary sensorimotor cortices modulates left and right motor (M1). Using a cross-over sham-controlled triple-blind design, 37 (27 female, age: 18 yrs) healthy participants received (1.0 mA, 20 Hz, min) cortices. Before after stimulation, M1s was assessed using imaginary coherence measured via resting-state electroencephalography interhemispheric inhibition dual-site magnetic protocol. Additionally, manual dexterity Purdue pegboard task. While remained unchanged beta (20 Hz) power decreased during session. Bifocal but not sham strengthened improved bimanual assembly performance. These results suggest that improvement in performance may be explained by modulation inhibition, rather than coupling oscillatory activity. As underlies many clinical symptoms neurological psychiatric disorders, these findings are invaluable developing noninvasive therapeutic interventions target neural networks alleviate symptoms.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
npj Mental Health Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presents with symptoms like impulsiveness, inattention, and hyperactivity, often affecting children's academic social functioning. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as digital cognitive therapy, are emerging complementary treatments for ADHD. The randomized controlled trial explored the impact of an AI-driven program on inattentiveness, neurophysiological markers in 41 children aged 8–12 Participants received either 12 weeks therapy or a placebo intervention. Assessments were conducted pre- post-intervention magnetoencephalography (MEG) analyzed brain activity. Results showed significant reductions impulsiveness inattentiveness scores treatment group, associated normalized MEG spectral profiles, indicating neuromaturation. Notably, improvements inhibitory control correlated profile normalization parieto-temporal cortex. Improvements control, linked to suggest can reduce ADHD by enhancing efficiency. This emphasizes personalized, technology-driven treatment, using assessing efficacy.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 1 - 6
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Introduction: Neuroplasticity, a cornerstone of contemporary neuroscience, refers to the brain's intrinsic ability reorganize its structure and function in response experience, learning, environmental stimuli. This dynamic adaptability highlights capacity for growth repair, providing critical insights into mechanisms underpinning neural development, rehabilitation, lifelong cognitive flexibility. History: Spearheaded by notable scientists, concept neuroplasticity rose prominence 20th century, forging novel understanding neuroscience. In 1949, Donald Hebb proposed that neurons activated together during memory recall are bound connect, establishing Hebbian theory laying foundation modern studies. Furthermore, neuroscientist Michael Merzenich advanced neuroplasticity's perpetual nature relation functioning. Fundamental Concepts: Synaptic plasticity cortical remapping neuroplasticity. is synapses strengthen or weaken over time activity, playing crucial role learning processes. Studies suggest synaptic initiating mechanism remapping, which reorganization neuronal connections cerebral cortex. underlies adaptive behaviours observed sensory experiences, specifically optimizing processing better adjust changes Current Research: research investigates cognition, psychiatric neurodegenerative disorders particularly using neuroimaging techniques visualize complex networks. Additionally, avenues investigating invasive methods such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), training hypoxia induction, along with non-invasive transcranial magnetic (TMS), low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFUS) electrical (TES), offer promising therapeutic interventions. Research also focuses on encouraging recreational activities identifying pharmacological remedies, intending develop more effective therapies fewer side effects. Future Implications: Neuroplasticity has far-reaching implications education, clinical therapy, enhancement. However, challenges persist, including deciphering individual variability neuroplastic responses interventions maximize positive outcomes. Addressing these promises unlock new frontiers harnessing improved function, ultimately paving way tailored profiles.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 110 - 110
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Background: The ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA (AMPAR) mediates fast excitatory synaptic transmission and regulates strength in various parts of the CNS. Emotional challenges can affect these processes by influencing AMPAR levels localization via stress hormones, resulting, e.g., behavioral changes. AMPARs are essential for auditory processing, but their response to hormones central or peripheral system remains poorly understood. Therefore, this scoping review examines effects corticosterone (CORT), a primary hormone rodents, on rodent nervous considers potential implications system. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web Science, OVID EMBASE using MeSH terms related receptors corticosterone. Studies were screened based predefined inclusion criteria, including original research published English that focused subunits (e.g., GluR1-4, GluA1-4, Gria1-4). Of 288 articles screened, 17 met criteria final analysis. Results: No reports found regarding CORT action Three main experimental models used included identified: neuronal cultures, isolated tissue animal models. Generally, short-term exposure increases surface mobility especially hippocampus prefrontal cortex. However, results from inconsistent due variations design other factors. study did not provide sufficient data clear conclusions. Conclusions: Variability limits our ability draw definitive conclusions about across different regions differences live studies highlight need standardized methods reporting. Since play crucial role CORT-induced changes cultures may occur Further is needed explore specific responses how influence disorders, which could help identify treatment strategies.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(20), P. 3570 - 3570
Published: Oct. 21, 2024
Recent research highlights the growing interest in impact of nutrition on cognitive health and function disease, as dietary habits are increasingly recognized crucial factors relation to brain function. This focus is especially important given rising prevalence neurodegenerative diseases decline associated with poor choices. Links now being sought between microbiota gut-brain axis. Mechanisms proposed that include low-grade chronic neuroinflammation, influence short-chain fatty acids, or disruption glial cells transmitters brain.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 690 - 690
Published: May 27, 2024
(1) Background: Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular cancer, and diabetes, highlighting pressing need for effective antioxidant interventions. (2) Methods: In this study, we aimed to develop characterise two novel formulations, F3 F4, as therapeutic interventions oxidative stress-related conditions. (3) Results: The physicochemical characterisation, preformulation analysis, formulation, preparation filling powders capsules, capsule content evaluation, activity assessment formulations were assessed. These comprise combination well-established antioxidants like quercetin, biotin, coenzyme Q10, resveratrol. Through comprehensive testing, formulations' efficacy, stability, potential synergistic interactions evaluated. (4) Conclusions: findings underscore promising these disorders highlight significance mitigating their progression.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
The journal of nutrition health & aging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 100480 - 100480
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0