Sleep deprivation drives brain-wide changes in cholinergic presynapse abundance in Drosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons
Jacqueline T. Weiss, Mei Z. Blundell,

Prabhjit Singh

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(13)

Published: March 18, 2024

Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved state that supports brain functions, including synaptic plasticity, in species across the animal kingdom. Here, we examine neuroanatomical and cell-type distribution of presynaptic scaling fly after sleep loss. We previously found loss drives accumulation active zone scaffolding protein Bruchpilot (BRP) within cholinergic Kenyon cells Drosophila melanogaster mushroom body (MB), but not other classes MB neurons. To test whether similar cell type–specific trends plasticity occur broadly brain, used a flp-based genetic reporter to label BRP cholinergic, dopaminergic, GABAergic, or glutamatergic then collected whole-brain confocal image stacks intensity systematically quantify BRP, marker presynapse abundance, 37 neuropil regions central brain. Our results indicate loss, either by overnight (12-h) mechanical stimulation chronic disruption insomniac mutants, elevates synapse abundance while neurons produce neurotransmitters undergoes weaker, if any, changes. Extending deprivation 24 h brain-wide upscaling glutamatergic, other, synapses. Finally, male–male social pairings induce increased excitatory synapses despite male–female eliciting more waking activity, suggesting experience-specific plasticity. Within neurotransmitter class context, changes are domains, indicating rules may apply during acute need alter excitatory–inhibitory balance

Language: Английский

The chemical brain hypothesis for the origin of nervous systems DOI Creative Commons
Gáspár Jékely

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 376(1821), P. 20190761 - 20190761

Published: Feb. 8, 2021

In nervous systems, there are two main modes of transmission for the propagation activity between cells. Synaptic relies on close contact at chemical or electrical synapses while volume is mediated by diffusible signals and does not require direct contact. It possible to wire complex neuronal networks both synaptic transmission. Both types ubiquitous in leading question which appeared first evolution. This paper explores a scenario where chemically organized cellular before evolution, possibility supported presence peptidergic signalling all animals except sponges. Small peptides ideally suited link up cells into networks. They have unlimited diversity, high diffusivity copy numbers derived from repetitive precursors. But diffusion limited becomes inefficient larger bodies. To overcome this, may developed projections formed synaptically connected tiling body surfaces displaying synchronized with pulsatile peptide release. The advent circulatory systems neurohemal organs further reduced constraint imposed diffusion. could contributed explosive radiation stem bilaterians. Neurosecretory centres extant still predominantly wired coexist brain. article part theme issue ‘Basal cognition: multicellularity, neurons cognitive lens’.

Language: Английский

Citations

83
A neuropeptidergic circuit gates selective escape behavior of Drosophila larvae DOI Creative Commons
Bibi Nusreen Imambocus, Fangmin Zhou, A. Formozov

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 32(1), P. 149 - 163.e8

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

82
A neuropeptide regulates fighting behavior in Drosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons

Fengming Wu,

Bowen Deng, Na Xiao

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 21, 2020

Aggressive behavior is regulated by various neuromodulators such as neuropeptides and biogenic amines. Here we found that the neuropeptide Drosulfakinin (Dsk) modulates aggression in Drosophila melanogaster. Knock-out of Dsk or receptor CCKLR-17D1 reduced aggression. Activation inactivation Dsk-expressing neurons increased decreased male aggressive behavior, respectively. Moreover, data from transsynaptic tracing, electrophysiology behavioral epistasis reveal function downstream a subset P1 (P1a-splitGAL4) to control fighting behavior. In addition, winners show calcium activity neurons. Conditional overexpression promotes social dominance, suggesting positive correlation between signaling winning effects. The mammalian ortholog CCK has been implicated mammal aggression, thus our work suggests conserved neuromodulatory system for modulation

Language: Английский

Citations

72
A gut-derived hormone suppresses sugar appetite and regulates food choice in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons
Alina Malita,

Olga I. Kubrak,

Takashi Koyama

et al.

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(11), P. 1532 - 1550

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Abstract Animals must adapt their dietary choices to meet nutritional needs. How these needs are detected and translated into nutrient-specific appetites that drive food-choice behaviours is poorly understood. Here we show enteroendocrine cells of the adult female Drosophila midgut sense nutrients in response release neuropeptide F (NPF), which an ortholog mammalian Y-family gut-brain hormones. Gut-derived NPF acts on glucagon-like adipokinetic hormone (AKH) signalling induce sugar satiety increase consumption protein-rich food, adipose tissue promote storage ingested nutrients. Suppression NPF-mediated gut leads overconsumption while simultaneously decreasing intake yeast. Furthermore, gut-derived has a female-specific function promoting protein-containing food mated females. Together, our findings suggest NPF-to-AKH modulates specific regulates choice ensure homeostatic nutrients, providing insight hormonal mechanisms underlie hungers.

Language: Английский

Citations

61
The gut hormone Allatostatin C/Somatostatin regulates food intake and metabolic homeostasis under nutrient stress DOI Creative Commons

Olga I. Kubrak,

Takashi Koyama, Nadja Ahrentløv

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Abstract The intestine is a central regulator of metabolic homeostasis. Dietary inputs are absorbed through the gut, which senses their nutritional value and relays hormonal information to other organs coordinate systemic energy balance. However, gut-derived hormones affecting behavioral responses poorly defined. Here we show that endocrine cells Drosophila gut sense nutrient stress mechanism involves TOR pathway in response secrete peptide hormone allatostatin C, somatostatin homolog. Gut-derived C induces secretion glucagon-like adipokinetic food intake mobilization. Loss Allatostatin or its receptor adipokinetic-hormone-producing impairs lipid sugar mobilization during fasting, leading hypoglycemia. Our findings illustrate nutrient-responsive maintains homeostasis under nutrient-stress conditions, function essential health whose failure can lead disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

56
A single-cell transcriptomic atlas of complete insect nervous systems across multiple life stages DOI Creative Commons

Marc Corrales,

Ben Cocanougher, Andrea B. Kohn

et al.

Neural Development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2022

Abstract Molecular profiles of neurons influence neural development and function but bridging the gap between genes, circuits, behavior has been very difficult. Here we used single cell RNAseq to generate a complete gene expression atlas Drosophila larval central nervous system composed 131,077 cells across three developmental stages (1 h, 24 h 48 after hatching). We identify 67 distinct clusters based on patterns expression. These include 31 functional mature neuron clusters, 1 ring gland cluster, 8 glial 6 precursor 13 developing immature adult clusters. Some are present all development, while others stage specific (such as neurons). genes that differentially expressed in each well at life. provide promising candidates for regulating neuronal types system, or specification differentiation neurons. The transcriptome Atlas is valuable resource biology systems neuroscience provides basis elucidating how regulate function.

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Dietary cysteine drives body fat loss via FMRFamide signaling in Drosophila and mouse DOI Creative Commons
Tingting Song,

Wusa Qin,

Zeliang Lai

et al.

Cell Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(6), P. 434 - 447

Published: April 13, 2023

Abstract Obesity imposes a global health threat and calls for safe effective therapeutic options. Here, we found that protein-rich diet significantly reduced body fat storage in fruit flies, which was largely attributed to dietary cysteine intake. Mechanistically, increased the production of neuropeptide FMRFamide (FMRFa). Enhanced FMRFa activity simultaneously promoted energy expenditure suppressed food intake through its cognate receptor (FMRFaR), both contributing loss effect. In body, signaling lipolysis by increasing PKA lipase activity. sweet-sensing gustatory neurons, appetitive perception hence We also demonstrated worked similar way mice via FF (NPFF) signaling, mammalian RFamide peptide. addition, or FMRFa/NPFF administration provided protective effect against metabolic stress flies without behavioral abnormalities. Therefore, our study reveals novel target development therapies obesity related diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Sphingolipids in neurodegenerative diseases DOI Creative Commons
Xueyang Pan, Debdeep Dutta, Shenzhao Lu

et al.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDDs) are a group of disorders that cause progressive deficits neuronal function. Recent evidence argues sphingolipid metabolism is affected in surprisingly broad set NDDs. These include some lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), hereditary sensory and autonomous neuropathy (HSAN), spastic paraplegia (HSP), infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD), Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA), as well forms amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Parkinson’s disease (PD). Many these have been modeled Drosophila melanogaster associated with elevated levels ceramides. Similar changes also reported vertebrate cells mouse models. Here, we summarize studies using fly models and/or patient samples which demonstrate the nature defects metabolism, organelles implicated, cell types initially affected, potential therapeutics for diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Female reproductive dormancy in Drosophila is regulated by DH31-producing neurons projecting into the corpus allatum DOI Creative Commons
Yoshitomo Kurogi, Eisuke Imura, Yosuke Mizuno

et al.

Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150(10)

Published: May 15, 2023

ABSTRACT Female insects can enter reproductive diapause, a state of suspended egg development, to conserve energy under adverse environments. In many insects, including the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, also frequently called dormancy, is induced low-temperature and short-day conditions by downregulation juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis in corpus allatum (CA). this study, we demonstrate that neuropeptide Diuretic 31 (DH31) produced brain neurons project into CA plays an essential role regulating dormancy suppressing JH adult D. melanogaster. The expresses gene encoding DH31 receptor, which required for DH31-triggered elevation intracellular cAMP CA. Knocking down Dh31 these CA-projecting or receptor suppresses decrease titer, normally observed dormancy-inducing conditions, leading abnormal yolk accumulation ovaries. Our findings provide first molecular genetic evidence demonstrating peptidergic play biosynthesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Mapping of multiple neurotransmitter receptor subtypes and distinct protein complexes to the connectome DOI Creative Commons
Piero Sanfilippo, Alexander Kim, Anuradha Bhukel

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(6), P. 942 - 958.e13

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Neurons express various combinations of neurotransmitter receptor (NR) subunits and receive inputs from multiple neuron types expressing different neurotransmitters. Localizing NR to specific synaptic has been challenging. Here, we use epitope-tagged endogenous subunits, expansion light-sheet microscopy, electron microscopy (EM) connectomics molecularly characterize synapses in Drosophila. We show that directionally selective motion-sensitive neurons, NRs elaborated a highly stereotyped molecular topography with localized domains receiving cell-type-specific inputs. Developmental studies suggested or complexes them other membrane proteins determine patterns In support this model, identify transmembrane protein selectively associated subset spatially restricted demonstrate its requirement for synapse formation through genetic analysis. propose mechanisms regulate the precise spatial distribution provide cartography specifying connections onto dendrites.

Language: Английский

Citations

15