bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 14, 2024
Abstract
Impulsivity
is
a
multidimensional
trait
associated
with
various
psychiatric
disorders
including
drug
abuse.
facets,
such
as
impulsive
action
and
risk-related
decision-making
(RDM),
have
been
reduced
frontocortical
activity
alterations
in
dopamine
function
the
ventral
tegmental
area
(VTA).
However,
despite
direct
projections
from
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC)
to
VTA,
specific
role
of
mPFC-to-VTA
pathway
control
behaviors
remains
unexplored.
Here,
we
used
Positron
Emission
Tomography
[
18
F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose
evaluate
brain
metabolic
Roman
High-(RHA)
Low-avoidance
(RLA)
rats,
which
exhibit
innate
differences
impulsivity.
Notably,
viral-based
intersectional
chemogenetic
strategy
isolate,
for
first
time,
controlling
behaviors.
We
selectively
activated
RHAs
inhibited
it
RLAs,
assessed
effects
on
RDM
rat
gambling
task.
Our
results
showed
that
RHA
rats
displayed
higher
action,
less
optimal
decision-making,
lower
cortical
than
RLA
at
baseline.
Chemogenetic
activation
RHAs,
whereas
inhibition
had
opposite
effect
RLAs.
these
manipulations
did
not
affect
RDM.
Thus,
by
specifically
bidirectionally
targeting
phenotype-dependent
way,
were
able
revert
patterns
but
findings
suggest
dissociable
RDM,
highlighting
its
potential
target
investigating
impulsivity-related
disorders.
Oxytocin
receptor
(Oxtr)
signaling
influences
complex
social
behaviors
in
diverse
species,
including
monogamy
prairie
voles.
How
Oxtr
regulates
specific
components
of
attachment
and
the
neural
mechanisms
mediating
them
remains
unknown.
Here,
we
examine
voles
lacking
demonstrate
that
pair
bonding
comprises
distinct
behavioral
modules:
preference
for
a
bonded
partner,
rejection
novel
potential
mates.
Our
longitudinal
study
shows
sex-specifically
early
interactions
between
partners
facilitating
formation
partner
preference.
Additionally,
suppresses
promiscuity
towards
mates
following
bonding,
contributing
to
rejection.
function
coordinated
patterns
gene
expression
regions
implicated
oxytocin
paraventricular
nucleus
hypothalamus,
principal
source
oxytocin.
Thus,
controls
genetically
separable
coordinates
development
substrates
attachment.
Oxytocin
receptor
(Oxtr)
signaling
influences
complex
social
behaviors
in
diverse
species,
including
monogamy
prairie
voles.
How
Oxtr
regulates
specific
components
of
attachment
and
the
neural
mechanisms
mediating
them
remains
unknown.
Here,
we
examine
voles
lacking
demonstrate
that
pair
bonding
comprises
distinct
behavioral
modules:
preference
for
a
bonded
partner,
rejection
novel
potential
mates.
Our
longitudinal
study
shows
sex-specifically
early
interactions
between
partners
facilitating
formation
partner
preference.
Additionally,
suppresses
promiscuity
towards
mates
following
bonding,
contributing
to
rejection.
function
coordinated
patterns
gene
expression
regions
implicated
oxytocin
paraventricular
nucleus
hypothalamus,
principal
source
oxytocin.
Thus,
controls
genetically
separable
coordinates
development
substrates
attachment.
Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: March 8, 2025
Abstract
Social
status
is
closely
linked
to
physiological
and
psychological
states.
Loss
of
social
dominance
can
lead
brain
disorders
such
as
depression,
but
the
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
The
gut
microbiota
sense
stress
contribute
via
microbiota-gut-brain
axis
(MGBA).
Here,
using
a
forced
loss
paradigm
demote
dominant
mice
subordinate
ranks,
we
find
that
alters
composition
function
microbiota,
increasing
Muribaculaceae
abundance
enhancing
butanoate
metabolism,
microbial
depletion
resists
loss-induced
hierarchical
demotion
behavioral
alteration.
Single-nucleus
transcriptomic
analysis
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC)
indicates
primarily
affected
interneurons,
altering
GABAergic
synaptic
transmission.
Weighted
gene
co-expression
network
(WGCNA)
reveals
modules
in
colon,
PFC,
PFC
suggesting
changes
PI3K-Akt
signaling
pathway
glutamatergic
synapse.
Our
findings
provide
evidence
for
MGBA
perturbations
induced
by
loss,
offering
potential
intervention
targets
related
disorders.
Nature Mental Health,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Abstract
Premature
reproductive
aging
is
linked
to
heightened
stress
sensitivity
and
psychological
maladjustment
across
the
life
course.
However,
brain
dynamics
underlying
this
relationship
are
poorly
understood.
Here,
address
issue,
we
analyzed
multimodal
data
from
female
participants
in
Adolescent
Brain
Cognitive
Development
(longitudinal,
N
=
441;
aged
9–12
years)
Human
Connectome-Aging
(cross-sectional,
130;
36–60
studies.
Age-specific
intrinsic
functional
network
mediated
link
between
perceptions
of
greater
interpersonal
adversity.
The
adolescent
profile
overlapped
areas
glutamatergic
dopaminergic
receptor
density,
middle-aged
was
concentrated
visual,
attentional
default
mode
networks.
two
profiles
showed
opposite
relationships
with
patterns
neural
variability
cortical
atrophy
observed
psychosis
versus
major
depressive
disorder.
Our
findings
underscore
divergent
maturation
senescence,
which
may
explain
developmentally
specific
vulnerabilities
distinct
disorders.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 14, 2025
Abstract
Social
novelty
is
indispensable
for
a
wide
range
of
social
behaviors.
The
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC),
along
with
other
information
hubs,
composes
the
foundational
circuitry
novelty.
However,
precise
circuit
mechanisms
that
govern
processing
remain
elusive.
piriform
cortex,
as
largest
olfactory
receives
extensive
innervation
from
top‐down
centers
dictate
behavior.
Here,
it
shown
anterior
(APC)
exhibited
an
increase
in
gamma
event
incidence
during
engagement
male
mice.
In
vivo
electrophysiology
and
fiber
photometry
reveal
APC
pyramidal
neurons
respond
more
intensely
to
novel
mice
than
familiar
ones.
Intriguingly,
silencing
selectively
impairs
processing,
yet
leaves
basic
discrimination
capabilities
intact.
Moreover,
inherits
cues
mPFC
sends
feedback
projections
bulb
(OB)
modulate
These
findings
unveil
APC's
role
extending
well
beyond
olfaction,
encompassing
specialized
function
recognition
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: April 11, 2025
Introduction
Drug
reinforcement,
a
form
of
behavioral
plasticity
in
which
changes
happen
response
to
reinforcing
drug,
would
finally
lead
drug
addiction
after
chronical
exposure.
reinforcement
is
affected
by
genetic
and
environmental
factors.
Social
hierarchy
has
been
reported
regulate
drug-seeking
behaviors,
but
the
underlying
molecular
mechanism
almost
unknown.
Methods
We
take
advantage
tube
test
assess
social
between
two
co-housed
rats.
And
then,
we
investigated
dominant
subordinate
rats
via
conditioned
place
preference
(CPP).
Then
adopted
4-D
label-free
mass
spectrometry
explore
complex
phosphoproteome
nucleus
accumbens
(NAc)
Functional
enrichment,
protein-protein,
motif
analysis
kinase
prediction
interaction
were
used
investigate
substance
use
disorder
hierarchy.
Specifically,
identified
histone
deacetylase
4
(HDAC4)
previously
shown
play
critical
roles
as
key
node
protein
phosbind-SDS.
Finally,
forcibly
altered
through
training,
follow
accessed
HDAC4
phosphorylation
levels
reinforcement.
Results
In
this
study,
found
that
methamphetamine
exhibited
stronger
660
sites
differing
spectrometry.
enrichment
protein-protein
revealed
synaptic
remodeling
related
pathways
pathway
are
significantly
characterized
Motif
showed
CaMKIIδ
its
downstream
proteins
maybe
central
hub.
Phosbind-SDS
higher
dominants.
After
differences
induced
eliminated,
correspondingly
also
reversed
group
Discussion
conclusion,
our
research
proves
NAc
may
be
vital
link