Energy in functional brain states correlates with cognition in adolescent-onset schizophrenia and healthy persons DOI Creative Commons
Nicholas Theis, Jyotika Bahuguna, Jonathan Rubin

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

Abstract Adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) is rare, under-studied, and associated with more severe cognitive impairments poorer outcomes than adult-onset schizophrenia. Neuroimaging has shown altered regional activations (first-order effects) functional connectivity (second-order in AOS compared to controls. The pairwise maximum entropy model (MEM) integrates first- second-order factors into a single quantity called energy, which inversely related probability of occurrence brain activity patterns. We take combinatorial approach study multiple brain-wide MEMs task-associated components; hundreds independent for various sub-systems are fit 7 Tesla MRI scans. Acquisitions were collected from 23 individuals 53 healthy controls while performing the Penn Conditional Exclusion Test (PCET) executive function, known be impaired AOS. Accuracy PCET performance was significantly reduced among A majority models showed significant negative correlation between scores total energy attained over fMRI. Across all instantiations, group frequent states higher assessed mixed effects model. An example MEM instance investigated further using landscapes, visualize high low on low-dimensional plane, trajectory analysis, quantify evolution throughout this landscape. Both supported patient-control differences profiles. Severity psychopathology correlated positively energy. MEM’s integrated representation systems can help characterize pathophysiology AOS, impairments, psychopathology.

Language: Английский

Brain Function Outcomes of Recent and Lifetime Cannabis Use DOI Creative Commons
Joshua L. Gowin, Jarrod M. Ellingson, Hollis C. Karoly

et al.

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. e2457069 - e2457069

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Importance Cannabis use has increased globally, but its effects on brain function are not fully known, highlighting the need to better determine recent and long-term activation outcomes of cannabis use. Objective To examine association lifetime history heavy with across a range functions in large sample young adults US. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study used data (2017 release) from Human Connectome Project (collected between August 2012 2015). Young (aged 22-36 years) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), urine toxicology, were included analysis. Data analyzed January 31 July 30, 2024. Exposures History was assessed using Semi-Structured Assessment for Genetics Alcoholism, variables diagnosis dependence. Individuals grouped as users if they had greater than 1000 uses, moderate 10 999 nonusers fewer uses. provided samples day scanning assess Diagnosis dependence (per Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria) also included. Main Outcomes Measures Brain during each 7 tasks administered functional MRI session (working memory, reward, emotion, language, motor, relational assessment, theory mind). Mean regions associated primary contrast task used. The analysis linear mixed-effects regression model (one per task) examining mean value. Results comprised 1003 (mean [SD] age, 28.7 [3.7] years; 470 men [46.9%] 533 women [53.1%]). A total 63 participants Asian (6.3%), 137 Black (13.7%), 762 White (76.0%). For criteria, 88 (8.8%) classified users, 179 (17.8%) 736 (73.4%) nonusers. Heavy (Cohen d = −0.28 [95% CI, −0.50 −0.06]; false discovery rate corrected P .02) lower working memory task. Regions anterior insula, medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral cortex. Recent poorer performance motor tasks, associations did survive correction. No other use, or diagnosis. Conclusions Relevance In this adults, These findings identify negative healthy that may be long lasting.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Structural MRI of brain similarity networks DOI
Isaac Sebenius, Lena Dorfschmidt, Jakob Seidlitz

et al.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Neurobiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: historical challenges and emerging frontiers DOI
Sanju Koirala, Gracie Grimsrud, Michael A. Mooney

et al.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 759 - 775

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
From animal models to human individuality: Integrative approaches to the study of brain plasticity DOI Creative Commons

M. Hille,

Simone Kühn, Gerd Kempermann

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(21), P. 3522 - 3541

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Evidence for convergence of distributed cortical processing in band-like functional zones in human entorhinal cortex DOI Creative Commons
Daniel Reznik, Daniel S. Margulies, Menno P. Witter

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(23), P. 5457 - 5469.e2

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Energy of Functional Brain States Correlates With Cognition in Adolescent‐Onset Schizophrenia and Healthy Persons DOI Creative Commons
Nicholas Theis, Jyotika Bahuguna, Jonathan Rubin

et al.

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 46(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Adolescent‐onset schizophrenia (AOS) is relatively rare, under‐studied, and associated with more severe cognitive impairments poorer outcomes than adult‐onset schizophrenia. Neuroimaging has shown altered regional activations (first‐order effects) functional connectivity (second‐order in AOS compared to controls. The pairwise maximum entropy model (MEM) integrates first‐ second‐order factors into a single quantity called energy, which inversely related probability of occurrence brain activity patterns. We take combinatorial approach study multiple brain‐wide MEMs task‐associated components; hundreds independent for various sub‐systems were fit 7 Tesla MRI scans. Acquisitions collected from 23 individuals 53 healthy controls while performing the Penn Conditional Exclusion Test (PCET) executive function, known be impaired AOS. Accuracy PCET performance was significantly reduced among A majority models showed significant negative correlation between scores total energy attained over fMRI. Severity psychopathology correlated positively energy. Across all instantiations, group frequent states higher assessed mixed effects model. An example MEM instance investigated further using landscapes, visualize high low on low‐dimensional plane, trajectory analysis, quantify evolution throughout this landscape. Both supported patient‐control differences profiles. MEM's integrated representation systems can help characterize pathophysiology AOS, impairments, psychopathology.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Deep-learning based Embedding of Functional Connectivity Profiles for Precision Functional Mapping DOI Creative Commons
Jiaxin Cindy Tu,

Jung‐Hoon Kim,

Patrick H. Luckett

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Spatial correlation of functional connectivity profiles across matching anatomical locations in individuals is often calculated to delineate individual differences networks. Likewise, spatial assessed average groups evaluate the maturity networks during development. Despite its widespread use, limited comparing two samples at a time. In this study, we employed variational autoencoder embed from various locations, individuals, and group averages for simultaneous comparison. We demonstrate that our autoencoder, with pre-trained weights, can project new vertex space latent as few dimensions, yet still retain meaningful global local structures data. Functional occupy distinct compartments space. Moreover, variability same location readily captured believe approach could be useful visualization exploratory analyses precision mapping.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mapping the topographic organization of the human zona incerta using diffusion MRI DOI Open Access
Roy A.M. Haast, Jason Kai, Alaa Taha

et al.

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

The zona incerta (ZI) is a deep brain region originally described by Auguste Forel as an “immensely confusing area about which nothing can be said.” Despite the elusive nature of this structure, mounting evidence supports role ZI and surrounding regions across diverse range functions candidate target for neuromodulatory therapies. Using in vivo diffusion MRI data-driven connectivity, we identify topographic organization between neocortex. Specifically, our methods rostral-caudal gradient predominantly connecting frontopolar ventral prefrontal cortices with rostral ZI, primary sensorimotor caudal ZI. Moreover, demonstrate how clustering approaches build complementary including facilitating mapping central connected dorsal cortex. These results were shown to replicable multiple datasets at individual subject level, building important mediating frontal lobe-associated tasks, ranging from motor cognitive emotional control. Finally, consider impact on refinement targets. pave way increasingly detailed understanding substructures, considerations targeting neuromodulation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mapping the topographic organization of the human zona incerta using diffusion MRI DOI Open Access
Roy A.M. Haast, Jason Kai, Alaa Taha

et al.

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

The zona incerta (ZI) is a deep brain region originally described by Auguste Forel as an “immensely confusing area about which nothing can be said.” Despite the elusive nature of this structure, mounting evidence supports role ZI and surrounding regions across diverse range functions candidate target for neuromodulatory therapies. Using in vivo diffusion MRI data-driven connectivity, we identify topographic organization between neocortex. Specifically, our methods rostral-caudal gradient predominantly connecting frontopolar ventral prefrontal cortices with rostral ZI, primary sensorimotor caudal ZI. Moreover, demonstrate how clustering approaches build complementary including facilitating mapping central connected dorsal cortex. These results were shown to replicable multiple datasets at individual subject level, building important mediating frontal lobe-associated tasks, ranging from motor cognitive emotional control. Finally, consider impact on refinement targets. pave way increasingly detailed understanding substructures, considerations targeting neuromodulation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Animal models of the human brain: Successes, limitations, and alternatives DOI
Nancy Kanwisher

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 90, P. 102969 - 102969

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0