Short-Chain Fatty-Acid-Producing Bacteria: Key Components of the Human Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2211 - 2211

Published: May 6, 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role in health and disease, as they regulate gut homeostasis their deficiency is involved the pathogenesis of several disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, cardiometabolic disorders. SCFAs are metabolites specific bacterial taxa human microbiota, production influenced by foods or food supplements, mainly prebiotics, direct fostering these taxa. This Review provides an overview SCFAs’ roles functions, SCFA-producing bacteria, from microbiological characteristics taxonomy to biochemical process that lead release SCFAs. Moreover, we will describe potential therapeutic approaches boost levels treat different related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Microbes Saving Lives and Reducing Suffering

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cell free supernatants of Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium longum suppress the tumor growth in colorectal cancer organoid model

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

The probiotic gut microbiome and its metabolites are pivotal in regulating host metabolism, inflammation, immunity. Host genetics, colonization at birth, the lifestyle, exposure to diseases drugs determine microbial composition. Dysbiosis disruption of homeostasis beneficial have been reported be involved tumorigenesis progression colorectal cancer (CRC). However, influence bacteria-secreted on CRC growth is yet fully elucidated. In this study, we compared composition patients healthy controls identify distinct patterns microbiota-derived patients. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that bacteria strains; Blautia producta, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, longum decreased, while Parabacteroides distasonis Bacteroides ovatus were more prevalent patient group. Treatment organoid lines with culture supernatants from showed remarkable inhibition growth. This study demonstrates bacterial depleted may inhibit highlights effects microbiome-derived

Language: Английский

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Zinc, Magnesium and Vitamin K Supplementation in Vitamin D Deficiency: Pathophysiological Background and Implications for Clinical Practice

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 834 - 834

Published: March 14, 2024

Zinc, magnesium, and vitamin K are important nutrients for humans. There various factors that contribute to the development of their deficiency, which might result in or exacerbate diseases. These can also interact with D metabolism activity. This review discusses main aspects zinc, magnesium action body, clinical significance, “crosstalk” D, as well providing general suggestions practice when supplementation these be useful, addition supplementation.

Language: Английский

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The Possible Role of Probiotic Supplementation in Inflammation: A Narrative Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2160 - 2160

Published: Aug. 26, 2023

The fine balance between symbiotic and potentially opportunistic and/or pathogenic microorganisms can undergo quantitative alterations, which, when associated with low intestinal biodiversity, could be responsible for the development of gut inflammation so-called “intestinal dysbiosis”. This condition is characterized by disbalance a synergistic mechanism involving mucosal barrier, neuroendocrine system, immune system that results in an acute inflammatory response induced different causes, including viral or bacterial infections digestive tract. More frequently, however, dysbiosis slowly subtly subliminal causal factors, resulting chronic related to diseases affecting tract other organs apparatuses. Studies on animal models, together studies humans, highlight significant role microbiota microbiome occurrence conditions such as metabolic syndrome cardiovascular (CVDs); neurodegenerative, urologic, skin, liver, kidney pathologies; premature aging. blood translocation fragments has been found one processes linked possible “metabolic endotoxemia” systemic inflammation, increased risk oxidative stress diseases. In this context, supplementation probiotic strains shown restore eubiosis, especially if administered long-term treatments. aim review describe anti-inflammatory effects specific observed clinical trials respective indications, highlighting differences efficacy depending strain, formulation, time duration treatment, dosage used.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Role of Vitamin D and the Vitamin D Receptor in the Composition of the Gut Microbiota

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(6)

Published: June 14, 2023

The microbiome has a major impact on human physiology and plays critical role in enhancing or impairing various physiological functions such as regulation of the immune system, metabolic activities, biosynthesis vitamins hormones. Variations gut microbial community play both health disease. Regulation calcium bone metabolism, well cellular proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, modulation, are among known effects vitamin D. These biological primarily carried out through binding D to receptor (VDR), member nuclear superfamily. immunomodulatory properties suggest that this molecule an important diseases. Maintenance homeostasis appears occur part interaction microbiota with Increasing evidence points central maintaining mucosal barrier function, deficiency been associated disruption integrity, translocation bacteria into bloodstream, systemic inflammation. In parallel, bidirectional between demonstrated data show upregulation intestinal VDR expression downregulation inflammatory markers response fermentation products. aim review is provide overview link D, focus from experimental models translational studies related D-induced changes composition.

Language: Английский

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Carotenoid productivity in human intestinal bacteria Eubacterium limosum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides with functional analysis of their carotenoid biosynthesis genes

Engineering Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 100147 - 100147

Published: March 17, 2024

The human intestinal microbiota that comprise over 1,000 species thrive in dark and anaerobic environments. They are recognized for the production of diverse low-molecular-weight metabolites crucial to health diseases. Carotenoids, pigments known their antioxidative activity, delivered humans through oral intake. However, it remains unclear whether bacteria biosynthesize carotenoids as part in-situ microbiota. In this study, we investigated carotenoid synthesis genes various gut probiotic bacteria. As a result, novel candidates, crtM crtN genes, were identified carbon monoxide-utilizing anaerobe Eubacterium limosum lactic acid bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides. These gene candidates isolated, introduced into Escherichia coli, which synthesized substrate, cultured aerobically. Structural analysis resulting revealed E. L. mediate 4,4'-diaponeurosporene 15-cis-4,4'-diapophytoene. Evaluation crtE-homologous these indicated non-functionality C40-carotenoid production. mesenteroides, along with carotenogenic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, observed produce no under strictly conditions. two detectable levels semi-aerobic findings highlight obligate retains aerobically functional C30-carotenoid biosynthesis potentially immediate self-utility, suggesting an evolutionary direction biosynthesis. (229 words)

Language: Английский

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Vitamin A carotenoids, but not retinoids, mediate the impact of a healthy diet on gut microbial diversity

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Abstract Background Vitamin A is essential for physiological processes like vision and immunity. A’s effect on gut microbiome composition, which affects absorption metabolism of other vitamins, still unknown. Here we examined the relationship between metagenome composition six vitamin A-related metabolites (two retinoid: -retinol, 4 oxoretinoic acid (oxoRA) four carotenoid metabolites, including beta-cryptoxanthin three carotene diols). Methods We included 1053 individuals from TwinsUK cohort with measured in serum faeces, diet history, assessed by shotgun sequencing. Results were replicated 327 women ZOE PREDICT-1 study. Five positively correlated alpha diversity ( r = 0.15 to 0.20, p < × 10 −6 ). Carotenoid compounds short-chain fatty-acid-producing bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Coprococcus eutactus. Retinol was not associated any microbial species. found that could predict circulating levels carotenoids AUCs ranging 0.66 0.74 using random forest models, but retinol (AUC 0.52). The healthy eating index (HEI) strongly all compounds, retinoids. investigated mediating role a diversity, finding significantly mediated 18 25% HEI diversity. Conclusions Our results show strong links potential pattern.

Language: Английский

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Metatranscriptomics for Understanding the Microbiome in Food and Nutrition Science

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 185 - 185

Published: March 10, 2025

Microbiome science has greatly expanded our understanding of the diverse composition and function gut microorganisms over past decades. With its rich microbial composition, microbiome hosts numerous functionalities essential for metabolizing food ingredients nutrients, resulting in production active metabolites that affect fermentation or health. Most these processes are mediated by enzymes such as carbohydrate-active amino acid metabolism enzymes. Metatranscriptomics enables capture transcripts within microbiome, providing invaluable functional insights into metabolic activities. Given inter-kingdom complexity metatranscriptomics could further elucidate activities fungi, archaea, bacteriophages ecosystem. Despite potential, application nutrition sciences remains limited but is growing. This review highlights latest advances (e.g., flavour formation enzymology) dietary fibres, proteins, minerals, probiotics), emphasizing integration with other technologies to address key research questions. Ultimately, represents a powerful tool uncovering activity, particularly relation processes.

Language: Английский

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Diet-Gut Microbiome Nexus: A New Paradigm in Food-Based Mental Disease Therapeutics

Food Reviews International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 27

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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