Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A State-of-the-art Review

Current Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 557 - 635

Published: May 3, 2023

Abstract: This narrative state-of-the-art review paper describes the progress in understanding and treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Over last four decades, scientific landscape has matured, with many interdisciplinary contributions to its diagnosis, etiology, epidemiology. Advances genetics, neurobiology, stress pathophysiology, brain imaging have made it apparent that chronic PTSD is a systemic disorder high allostatic load. The current state includes wide variety pharmacological psychotherapeutic approaches, which are evidence-based. However, myriad challenges inherent disorder, such as individual barriers good outcome, comorbidity, emotional dysregulation, suicidality, dissociation, substance use, trauma-related guilt shame, often render response suboptimal. These discussed drivers for emerging novel including early interventions Golden Hours, interventions, medication augmentation use psychedelics, well targeting nervous system. All this aims improve symptom relief clinical outcomes. Finally, phase orientation recognized tool strategize position step progression pathophysiology. Revisions guidelines systems care will be needed incorporate innovative treatments evidence emerges they become mainstream. generation well-positioned address devastating disabling impact traumatic events through holistic, cutting-edge efforts research.

Language: Английский

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The role of the immune system in posttraumatic stress disorder

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

Abstract Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in a subset of individuals upon exposure to traumatic stress. In addition well-defined psychological and behavioral symptoms, some with PTSD also exhibit elevated concentrations inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, is often co-morbid immune-related conditions, such as cardiometabolic autoimmune disorders. Numerous factors, lifetime trauma burden, biological sex, genetic background, metabolic gut microbiota, may contribute inflammation PTSD. Importantly, can influence neural circuits neurotransmitter signaling regions the brain relevant fear, anxiety, emotion regulation. Given link between immune system, current studies are underway evaluate efficacy anti-inflammatory treatments those Understanding complex interactions system essential for future discovery diagnostic therapeutic tools.

Language: Английский

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Improved green and red GRAB sensors for monitoring dopaminergic activity in vivo

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 680 - 691

Published: Nov. 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Aerobic exercise in the treatment of PTSD: An examination of preclinical and clinical laboratory findings, potential mechanisms, clinical implications, and future directions

Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 94, P. 102680 - 102680

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Conditions

Complex Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(1-4), P. 24 - 43

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Chronic pain is a common condition with high socioeconomic and public health burden. A wide range of psychiatric conditions are often comorbid chronic conditions, negatively impacting successful treatment either condition. The receiving most attention in the past regard to comorbidity has been major depressive disorder, despite fact that many other also demonstrate epidemiological genetic overlap pain. Further understanding potential mechanisms involved could lead new strategies both for each type disorder isolation scenarios comorbidity.

Language: Английский

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Safety learning and the Pavlovian conditioned inhibition of fear in humans: Current state and future directions

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 127, P. 659 - 674

Published: May 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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Exercise-induced increases in Anandamide and BDNF during extinction consolidation contribute to reduced threat following reinstatement: Preliminary evidence from a randomized controlled trial

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 105355 - 105355

Published: July 9, 2021

Language: Английский

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Pavlovian safety learning: An integrative theoretical review

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

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Genetically encoded sensors illuminate in vivo detection for neurotransmission: development, application, and optimization strategies

IBRO Neuroscience Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Limitations in existing tools have hindered neuroscientists from achieving a deeper understanding of complex behaviors and diseases. The recent development optimization genetically encoded sensors offer powerful solution for investigating intricate dynamics such as calcium influx, membrane potential, the release neurotransmitters neuromodulators. In contrast, traditional methods are constrained by insufficient spatial and/or temporal resolution, low sensitivity, stringent application conditions. Genetically gained widespread popularity due to their advantageous features, which stem genetic encoding optical imaging capabilities. These include broad applicability, tissue specificity, non-invasive operation. When combined with advanced microscopic techniques, optogenetics, machine learning approaches, these become versatile studying neuronal circuits intact living systems, providing millisecond-scale resolution ranging nanometers micrometers. this review, we highlight advantages over study neurotransmission. We also discuss advancements, diverse applications, strategies.

Language: Английский

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NEUROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 39 - 54

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs as a result of exposure to life-threatening traumatic event or situation involving violence. The main manifestations PTSD are obsessive re-experiencing the event, increased nervous arousal, avoidance stimuli related emotional and cognitive disorders that persist for long time. This mental is exhausting causes changes make it difficult sometimes impossible patients with function professionally socially. results in significant clinical burden high socioeconomic costs. Materials methods. authors have reviewed more than 100 scientific papers from world literature on problems diagnosis, symptoms, pathophysiological neurobiological mechanisms play an important role development can be used key elements choice treatment measures. Results. multifactorial disease, therefore, numerous factors involved its occurrence progression. immediate response activation neuroendocrine autonomic systems release adrenaline norepinephrine. involvement hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system subsequent secretion cortisol may trigger development. A link has been found between activity noradrenergic system, glucocorticoid exposure, impaired interaction neurons amygdala prefrontal cortex. In addition, glucocorticoids associated immune neuroinflammation. Inflammatory cytokines regulate modify functioning neurotransmitters such serotonin dopamine, which contributes onset progression symptoms. Conclusions. data large number studies allow us confirm following pathogenesis PTSD. These include vegetative regulation, dysfunction immunological regulatory inflammatory mechanisms, dysregulation monoaminergic transmission system. Further study pathogenetic pathways will better implementation strategy medical care

Language: Английский

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