Patients Recovering from COVID-19 who Presented Anosmia During their Acute Episode have Behavioral, Functional, and Structural Brain Alterations DOI Creative Commons
Leonie Kausel, Alejandra Figueroa-Vargas, Francisco Zamorano

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 3, 2024

Abstract Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms risk factors that underlie these alterations remain elusive. Given significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying can distinguish individuals at developing medium or long-term is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings a sample 100 patients who were affected by respiratory infection during pandemic. This comprised 73 adults with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 (who did not require invasive ventilatory assistance) 27 infections attributed other agents no history COVID-19. The participants underwent screening, decision-making task measure flexibility, magnetic resonance imaging evaluations. We assessed two clinical infection: presence anosmia requirement hospitalization due symptoms. Groups differ in age performance, but differentially performance. presented acute episode exhibited more impulsive changes alternatives after shift probabilities task, while required showed perseverative choices. Interestingly, correlated several measures, including decreases functional activity thinning cortical thickness parietal regions, loss white matter integrity corticospinal tracts parietal-thalamic fasciculi, among others. These results suggest could be factor may serve identify at-risk populations follow-up.

Language: Английский

Patients recovering from COVID-19 who presented with anosmia during their acute episode have behavioral, functional, and structural brain alterations DOI Creative Commons
Leonie Kausel, Alejandra Figueroa-Vargas, Francisco Zamorano

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms risk factors underlying these alterations remain elusive. Given significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying that can distinguish individuals at developing is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings a sample patients consisting 73 adults with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection without signs respiratory failure 27 infections attributed other agents no history COVID-19. The participants underwent screening, decision-making task, MRI evaluations. We assessed presence anosmia requirement hospitalization. Groups did not differ in age or performance. who presented exhibited more impulsive alternative changes after shift probabilities (r = − 0.26, p 0.001), while required hospitalization showed perseverative choices 0.25, 0.003). Anosmia correlated measures, including decreased functional activity during thinning cortical thickness parietal regions, loss white matter integrity. Hence, could be factor considered when at-risk populations follow-up.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Is There such a Thing as Post-Viral Depression?: Implications for Precision Medicine DOI
Eun‐Sook Park, Chan Young Shin,

Se Jin Jeon

et al.

Biomolecules & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(6), P. 659 - 684

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Viral infections are increasingly recognized as triggers for depressive disorders, particularly following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and rise of long COVID. Viruses such Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) linked to depression through complex neurobiological mechanisms. These include immune system dysregulation, chronic inflammation, neurotransmitter imbalances that affect brain function mood regulation. activation leads release pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in neuroinflammation associated symptoms. Furthermore, specific viruses can disrupt systems, including serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, all which essential stabilization. The unique interactions different with these systems underscore need virus-specific therapeutic approaches. Current broad-spectrum treatments often overlook precise pathways involved post-viral depression, reducing their efficacy. This review emphasizes understand create tailored interventions directly address effects induced by each type virus. may immunomodulatory target persistent antiviral therapies reduce viral load, or neuroprotective strategies restore balance. Precision medicine offers promising avenues effective management virus-induced providing patient-specific approaches biological mechanisms involved. By focusing on development targeted treatments, this aims pave way a new era psychiatric care fully addresses root causes infections.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study DOI Creative Commons
Wei Zhang, Aaron J. Gorelik, Qing Wang

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 20, 2023

COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within central nervous system, evidence primarily stems from limited small-scale case investigations. To address this gap, our study capitalized on longitudinal UK Biobank neuroimaging data acquired prior to and following testing (N=416 including n=224 cases; M

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study DOI Creative Commons
Wei Zhang, Aaron J. Gorelik, Qing Wang

et al.

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 100722 - 100722

Published: Dec. 30, 2023

COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within central nervous system, evidence primarily stems from limited small-scale case investigations. To address this gap, our study capitalized on longitudinal UK Biobank neuroimaging data acquired prior to and following testing (N = 416 including n 224 cases; Mage 58.6). Putative neuroinflammation was assessed in gray matter structures white tracts using non-invasive Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI), estimates inflammation-related cellularity (DBSI-restricted fraction; DBSI-RF) vasogenic edema (DBSI-hindered DBSI-HF).We hypothesized that status would be associated with increases DBSI markers after accounting for potential confound (age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking frequency, acquisition interval) multiple testing. not significantly DBSI-RF (|β|'s < 0.28, pFDR >0.05), but greater DBSI-HF left pre- post-central gyri right middle frontal gyrus (β′s > 0.3, all 0.03). Intriguingly, brain areas exhibiting increased putative had previously been linked COVID-19-related functional structural alterations, whereas regions displaying subtle differences between cases controls included or functionally connected olfactory network, has implicated psychopathology. Nevertheless, might have captured acute transitory neuroinflammatory effects infection, possibly due symptom resolution before imaging scan. Future research is warranted explore time- symptom-dependent relationship COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Patients Recovering from COVID-19 who Presented Anosmia During their Acute Episode have Behavioral, Functional, and Structural Brain Alterations DOI Creative Commons
Leonie Kausel, Alejandra Figueroa-Vargas, Francisco Zamorano

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 3, 2024

Abstract Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms risk factors that underlie these alterations remain elusive. Given significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying can distinguish individuals at developing medium or long-term is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings a sample 100 patients who were affected by respiratory infection during pandemic. This comprised 73 adults with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 (who did not require invasive ventilatory assistance) 27 infections attributed other agents no history COVID-19. The participants underwent screening, decision-making task measure flexibility, magnetic resonance imaging evaluations. We assessed two clinical infection: presence anosmia requirement hospitalization due symptoms. Groups differ in age performance, but differentially performance. presented acute episode exhibited more impulsive changes alternatives after shift probabilities task, while required showed perseverative choices. Interestingly, correlated several measures, including decreases functional activity thinning cortical thickness parietal regions, loss white matter integrity corticospinal tracts parietal-thalamic fasciculi, among others. These results suggest could be factor may serve identify at-risk populations follow-up.

Language: Английский

Citations

0