Exosomes: compositions, biogenesis, and mechanisms in diabetic wound healing

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 5, 2024

Abstract Diabetic wounds are characterized by incomplete healing and delayed healing, resulting in a considerable global health care burden. Exosomes lipid bilayer structures secreted nearly all cells express characteristic conserved proteins parent cell-associated proteins. harbor diverse range of biologically active macromolecules small molecules that can act as messengers between different cells, triggering functional changes recipient thus endowing the ability to cure various diseases, including diabetic wounds. accelerate wound regulating cellular function, inhibiting oxidative stress damage, suppressing inflammatory response, promoting vascular regeneration, accelerating epithelial facilitating collagen remodeling, reducing scarring. from tissues or potentially possess functions varying levels promote healing. For example, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) have favorable potential field due their superior stability, permeability, biocompatibility, immunomodulatory properties. Exosomes, which derived skin components, modulate inflammation regeneration key turn promotes Therefore, this review mainly emphasizes roles mechanisms sources, represented MSCs improving A deeper understanding therapeutic will yield promising candidates perspectives for management.

Language: Английский

---

Adipose‐Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Promote Scar‐Free Healing of Diabetic Wounds via miR‐204‐5p/TGF‐β1/Smad Pathway

Stem Cells International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Numerous researches have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) in promoting wound healing. In this study, we aimed to investigate impact ADSC-Exos on diabetic fibroblasts and elucidate its possible mechanisms. CCK-8, Edu, scratch, Transwell tests were used evaluate function rat skin (RSFs) high-glucose (HG) medium. The targeting effect ADSC-Exo-derived microRNA (miRNA) TGF-β1 was assessed using bioinformatic analysis then confirmed with western blot dual luciferase reporter assays. ADSC-Exos, miR-204-5p mimic, anti-miR-204-5p mimic stimulate RSFs, levels TGF-β1/Smad pathway analyzed by blot. vivo, digital photo tissue section staining wounds. data showed that enhance proliferation migration under HG conditions, reduce excessive myofibroblast differentiation collagen deposition, promote scarless healing Additionally, targets inhibit p-Smad2/3, Col I, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), thereby reducing fibrosis. These findings suggest prospects for

Language: Английский

---

Advances in Smart Hybrid Scaffolds: A Strategic Approach for Regenerative Clinical Applications

Engineered Regeneration, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Autologous Fat Grafting—A Panacea for Scar Tissue Therapy?

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(16), P. 1384 - 1384

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Scars may represent more than a cosmetic concern for patients; they impose functional limitations and are frequently associated with the sensation of itching or pain, thus impacting both psychological physical well-being. From an aesthetic perspective, scars display variances in color, thickness, texture, contour, their homogeneity, while aspect encompasses considerations functionality, pliability, sensory perception. located critical anatomic areas have potential to induce profound impairments, including contracture-related mobility restrictions, thereby significantly daily functioning quality life. Conventional approaches scar management suffice certain extent, yet there cases where tailored interventions warranted. Autologous fat grafting emerges as promising therapeutic avenue such instances. Fundamental mechanisms underlying formation include chronic inflammation, fibrogenesis dysregulated wound healing, among other contributing factors. These can potentially be alleviated through application adipose-derived stem cells, which principal cellular component utilized process lipofilling. Adipose-derived cells possess capacity secrete proangiogenic factors fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial factor hepatocyte well neurotrophic factors, brain-derived Moreover, exhibit multipotency, remodel extracellular matrix, act paracrine manner, exert immunomodulatory effects cytokine secretion. molecular processes contribute neoangiogenesis, alleviation promotion conducive milieu healing. Beyond obvious benefit restoring volume, regenerative capacities facilitate reduction pruritus, fibrosis. This review elucidates autologous its beneficial on outcomes when applied tissue.

Language: Английский

---

The Nerve-Induced Adipose Stem Cells Promote Nerve Repair in Stress Urinary Incontinence by Regulating Schwann Cell Repair Phenotype Conversion Through Activation of the Notch Pathway

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) currently lacks effective treatment options, and the restoration of neurological function remains a major challenge, with unmet clinical needs. Research has indicated that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can be induced to differentiate into neural-induced (NI-ADSCs) under specific inductive conditions, exhibiting excellent neuroregenerative capabilities. ADSCs were obtained from female SD rats NI-ADSCs. In vitro, NI-ADSCs co-cultured Schwann (SCs) investigate their effects on SC proliferation repair phenotype transition further explore its underlying mechanism. vivo, rat model SUI was established using bilateral pudendal nerve transection method. injected urethral sphincter evaluate urodynamics, muscle angiogenesis, neural in rats, while also exploring mechanisms repair. This study used EGF, FGF, B27 induce expressing induction markers (MAP, Nestin, PAX6). vitro experiments found no significant difference L6 RSC96 between (p > 0.05). However, when NI-ADSCs, SCs showed upregulated expression repair-related phenotypic (BDNF, GDNF, GFAP). this transformation process, Notch-related pathway proteins (Notch1, NICD, Hes1) increased, use DAPT (a Notch inhibitor) could suppress transformation. revealed intraurethral injection significantly promoted marker (S100β) demyelination (GFAP) urodynamic recovery inhibited effect. summary, our demonstrates promote regeneration by promoting maintaining SCs. The mechanism may related activation signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

---

Thermal-crosslinked acellular dermal matrix combined with adipose-derived stem cells to regenerate vascularized adipose tissue

Biomedical Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 025020 - 025020

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

The reconstruction of large-sized soft tissue defects remains a substantial clinical challenge, with adipose engineering emerging as promising solution. acellular dermal matrix (ADM), known for its intricate spatial arrangement and active cytokine involvement, is widely employed scaffold in engineering. Since ADM shares high similarity decellularized matrix, it holds potential substitute tissue. This study explores the adipogenic ability spongy material derived from via vacuum-thermal crosslinking (T-ADM), characterized by porosity, adjustable thickness, suitable mechanical strength. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are considered ideal seed Nevertheless, whether pre-adipogenic induction necessary before their incorporation debatable. In this context, ADSCs, both without induction, were seeded into T-ADM to regenerate vascularized A comparative analysis two constructs was performed evaluate angiogenesis adipogenesisin vitro, regeneration efficacyin vivo. Additionally, RNA-seq utilized investigate mechanisms. results showed that exhibited good performance terms volume retention maintenance adipocyte phenotype, confirming suitability engineering.In-vitrooutcomes demonstrated enhanced level but reduced promote vascularization. Furthermore, utilizing pre-induced ADSCs an insignificant superiority inin-vivofat formation, neovascularization compared those non-induced which may be attributed similar macrophage regulation, balanced modulation proliferator-activated receptor-γand hypoxia-inducible factor 1αpathways. Consequently, direct use advocated streamline process reduce associated costs. combined strategy proves feasible, convenient effective, offering addressing deficits facilitating applications.

Language: Английский

---

Adipose derived stem cells – Sources, differentiation capacity and a new target for reconstructive and regenerative medicine

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 186, P. 118036 - 118036

Published: April 8, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Development and aging of resident endothelial stem cells in pre-existing blood vessels

Experimental Hematology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104795 - 104795

Published: April 1, 2025

Organ-specific somatic stem cells play an important role in supporting tissue turnover and facilitating regeneration upon injury. Hematopoietic are one of the most established organ-specific that have been frequently used for transplantation therapy. In recent years, there has a growing interest other cells, including vascular endothelial (VESCs). We previously reported on use CD157 CD200 as markers to isolate VESCs from adult mouse organs, particularly liver. this review, we aim summarize, based our previous research, how CD157⁺CD200⁺ liver develop fetal stage postnatal life, what transcriptional regulatory mechanisms govern them, change with aging.

Language: Английский

---

Insights into the role of mesenchymal stem cells in cutaneous medical aesthetics: from basics to clinics

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: June 18, 2024

With the development of economy and increasing prevalence skin problems, cutaneous medical aesthetics are gaining more attention. Skin disorders like poor wound healing, aging, pigmentation have an impact not only on appearance but also patients with physical psychological issues, even impose a significant financial burden families society. However, due to complexities its occurrence, present treatment options cannot produce optimal outcomes, indicating dire need for new effective treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) their secretomics is regenerative medicine therapy that promotes regulates endogenous cell populations and/or replenishes pools achieve tissue homeostasis regeneration. It has demonstrated remarkable advantages in several skin-related vivo vitro investigations, aiding improvement conditions promotion aesthetics. As result, this review gives complete description recent scientific breakthroughs MSCs limitations clinical applications, aiming provide ideas future research transformation.

Language: Английский

---

Adipose-derived stem cell exosomal miR-21-5p enhances angiogenesis in endothelial progenitor cells to promote bone repair via the NOTCH1/DLL4/VEGFA signaling pathway

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Angiogenesis is essential for repairing critical-sized bone defects. Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-derived exosomes have been shown to enhance the angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims explore effects and ADSC-derived in enhancing repair by promoting EPC angiogenesis.

Language: Английский

---