Environmental Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(6), P. 375 - 384
Published: Jan. 5, 2023
Environmental
context
Most
human
pharmaceutical
waste
is
discharged
to
the
environment.
While
presence
of
pharmaceuticals
in
freshwater
systems
well
documented
globally,
little
known
impact
on
marine
ecosystems.
We
measured
a
environment
south-eastern
Australia
and
found
concentrations
around
24
000
times
higher
benthic
flora
than
surface
waters.
discuss
potential
use
seaweeds
as
biological
indicators
pollution.
Rationale
Pharmaceuticals
are
emerging
pollutants
concern
with
range
adverse
consequences
for
organisms
Their
estuarine
has
been
documented,
but
less
about
their
prevalence
open
ocean,
or
uptake
by
flora.
This
preliminary
survey
southern
Australian
coastline
sought
measure
key
both
waters
Methodology
study
used
LC-MS/MS
concentration
carbamazepine,
tramadol
venlafaxine
(1)
samples
from
wastewater
treatment
plants,
(2)
ocean
(3)
several
species
Surface
were
sampled
at
two
sites
near
water
plant
(WWTP)
discharges,
one
site
away
any
discharge.
Results
All
three
detected
risk
assessed
(via
quotient)
medium
(carbamazepine)
low
(venlafaxine,
tramadol).
also
flora,
particularly
brown
macroalgae;
Tramadol
was
maximum
34.7
ng
g−1
Hormosira
banksii,
Venlafaxine
recorded
17.3
Caulocystis
cephalornithos.
Discussion
The
calculated
bioconcentration
factors
suggest
up
~24
surrounding
water.
There
evidence
that
proximity
WWTP
outfalls
influenced
levels
results
may
be
suitable
bioindicators
contamination
impacts
ecosystems
demand
further
investigation.
Environmental Research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
216, P. 114560 - 114560
Published: Oct. 19, 2022
The
marine
environment
has
numerous
impacts
related
to
anthropogenic
activities
including
pollution.
Abundances
of
microplastics
(MPs)
and
other
pollutants
are
continuously
increasing
in
the
environment,
resulting
a
complex
mixture
contaminants
affecting
biota.
In
order
understand
consequences,
review
studies
analyzing
combined
effects
MPs
types
bivalves
been
conducted
as
species
this
group
have
considered
sentinel
bioindicators.
Regarding
reviewed,
histological
analyses
give
evidence
that
can
be
located
haemolymph,
gills
gonads,
well
digestive
glands
intestinal
lumen,
epithelium
tubules,
demonstrating
entire
body
is
affected
by
MPs.
Moreover,
DNA
strand
breaks
represent
most
relevant
form
damage
caused
enhanced
production
reactive
oxygen
response
exposure.
role
vectors
ability
polymers
adsorb
different
compounds
also
highlighting
high
variability
results.
sense,
toxic
associated
exposure
were
found
significantly
increase
with
co-presence
antibiotics
or
petroleum
hydrocarbons
amongst
pollutants.
addition,
bioaccumulation
processes
(PAHs,
metals
others)
Histological,
genetic
physiological
alterations
reported
damages,
degree
harm
seems
correlated
concentration
size
MP
type
pollutant.
Marine Pollution Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
200, P. 116078 - 116078
Published: Jan. 29, 2024
The
Mediterranean
Sea's
biodiversity
is
declining
due
to
climate
change
and
human
activities,
with
plastics
emerging
contaminants
(ECs)
posing
significant
threats.
This
study
assessed
phthalic
acid
esters
(PAEs)
active
pharmaceutical
ingredients
(APIs)
occurrence
in
four
anthozoan
species
(Cladocora
caespitosa,
Eunicella
cavolini,
Madracis
pharensis,
Parazoanthus
axinellae)
using
solid
phase
microextraction
(SPME)
liquid
chromatography
coupled
tandem
mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS/MS).
All
specimens
were
contaminated
at
least
one
contaminant,
reaching
maximum
values
of
57.3
ng/g
for
the
∑PAEs
64.2
(wet
weight)
∑APIs,
dibutyl
phthalate
Ketoprofen
being
most
abundant.
P.
axinellae
was
species,
indicating
higher
susceptibility
bioaccumulation,
while
other
three
showed
two-fold
lower
concentrations.
Moreover,
potential
adverse
effects
these
on
anthozoans
have
been
discussed.
Investigating
impact
PAEs
APIs
crucial,
given
their
key
role
benthic
communities.
