Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 375(6580)

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Over the past several years, term PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) has grown to be emblematic of environmental contamination, garnering public, scientific, regulatory concern. are synthesized by two processes, direct fluorination (e.g., electrochemical fluorination) oligomerization fluorotelomerization). More than a megatonne is produced yearly, thousands wind up in end-use products. Atmospheric aqueous fugitive releases during manufacturing, use, disposal have resulted global distribution these compounds. Volatile facilitate long-range transport, commonly followed complex transformation schemes recalcitrant terminal PFAS, which do not degrade under conditions thus migrate through environment accumulate biota multiple pathways. Efforts remediate PFAS-contaminated matrices still their infancy, with much current research targeting drinking water.

Language: Английский

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Digitalization to achieve sustainable development goals: Steps towards a Smart Green Planet

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 794, P. 148539 - 148539

Published: June 19, 2021

Digitalization provides access to an integrated network of unexploited big data with potential benefits for society and the environment. The development smart systems connected internet things can generate unique opportunities strategically address challenges associated United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ensure equitable, environmentally sustainable, healthy society. This perspective describes that digitalization provide towards building sustainable future. Smart technologies are envisioned as game-changing tools, whereby their integration will benefit three essential elements food-water-energy nexus: (i) food production; (ii) clean safe potable water; (iii) green energy generation usage. It then discusses catalyze transition manufacturing practices enhance citizens' health wellbeing by providing digital care, particularly underserved communities. Finally, englobes a holistic view on how it contribute serious endangered planet biodiversity climate change.

Language: Английский

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PFAS Molecules: A Major Concern for the Human Health and the Environment

Toxics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 44 - 44

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of over 4700 heterogeneous compounds with amphipathic properties exceptional stability to chemical thermal degradation. The unique PFAS has been exploited for almost 60 years largely contributed their wide applicability vast range industrial, professional non-professional uses. However, increasing evidence indicate that these represent also serious concern both wildlife human health as result ubiquitous distribution, extreme persistence bioaccumulative potential. In light the adverse effects have already documented in biota populations or might occur absence prompt interventions, competent authorities matter environment protection, industries well scientists cooperating identify most appropriate regulatory measures, substitution plans remediation technologies mitigate impacts. this review, starting from chemistry, uses environmental fate, we summarize current knowledge on occurrence different media living organisms, particular emphasis humans. Also, describe present provisional legislative measures European Union framework strategy regulate manufacture, import use some promising treatment designed remediate contamination compartments.

Language: Английский

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Fate and transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the vadose zone

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 771, P. 145427 - 145427

Published: Jan. 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Subsurface Environments: Occurrence, Fate, Transport, and Research Prospect

Reviews of Geophysics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 60(3)

Published: Aug. 7, 2022

Abstract Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), also known as “forever chemicals,” are manmade chemicals that have been increasingly detected in various geological settings since the early 2000s. The soil subsurface environments media commonly affected by PFAS. We conducted a comprehensive review of peer‐reviewed articles published from 2010 through 2022 concerning fate transport PFAS environments. This is organized into different subsections, covering basics properties how they affect occurrence, fate, PFAS, fundamental processes affecting mathematical models for describing predicting behaviors. Mechanisms governing environment, including sorption at air‐water interface, solid‐water nonaqueous phase liquids‐water were explored detail. Challenges future research priorities identified to better mitigate global challenges contamination.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) at the Water–Air Interface

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)─so-called "forever chemicals"─contaminate the drinking water of about 100 million people in U.S. alone are inefficiently removed by standard treatment techniques. A key property these compounds that underlies their fate transport efficacy several promising remediation approaches is they accumulate at water–air interface. This phenomenon remains incompletely understood, particularly under conditions relevant to natural systems where interfaces often carry significant loads other organic contaminants or matter. To understand impact loading on PFAS adsorption, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations varying interfacial densities. We find adsorbed form strong mutual interactions (attraction between perfluoroalkyl chains electrostatic among charged head groups) give rise ordered coatings. These involve near-cancellation hydrophobic attraction Coulomb repulsion. Our findings explain an apparent paradox whereby adsorption isotherms suggest minimal while simultaneously displaying a high sensitivity composition density Consideration present with interface has potential allow for more accurate predictions design efficient approaches.

Language: Английский

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Phytoremediation of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances: A review on aquatic plants, influencing factors, and phytotoxicity

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 418, P. 126314 - 126314

Published: June 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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A review on per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in microplastic and food-contact materials

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 206, P. 112595 - 112595

Published: Dec. 17, 2021

Language: Английский

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PFAS use in electronic products and exposure risks during handling and processing of e-waste: A review

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 316, P. 115291 - 115291

Published: May 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Spatial distribution and load of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in background soils in Sweden

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 133944 - 133944

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are known to be persistent, bioaccumulative, have adverse health effects, but very little is about PFAS in the terrestrial environment factors influencing their distribution. This paper presents one of first comprehensive studies investigating (n = 28) background forest soils 27) on national scale across Sweden. The results showed that 16 28 target were present all sites contained at least three compounds, with total concentrations ranging between 0.40 ng/g dry weight (dw) 6.6 dw. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) highest detection frequency 89% a median concentration 0.39 PFOS loads (ng/m3) distinct spatial distribution, significant exponential increase from north south (R2 0.55; p < 0.001) west east 0.35; 0.01). In some parts Sweden, compound 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTSA) had higher (1.4 dw), was comparison more impacted by local sources. Partial squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) regional clustering compositional profiles, indicating soil functions variations local, regional, countrywide scale. Such trends not been observed previously it could deduced whether they indicative global scale, or country-specific better explained proximity densely populated urban areas. An interpolation extrapolation raster map created used calculate average load Swedish soils. Estimated top 10-cm layer 2.7 ± 2.4 tons for 14 ∑PFAS, carries considerable legacy past release.

Language: Английский

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