Masks and respirators for prevention of respiratory infections: a state of the science review

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(2)

Published: May 22, 2024

SUMMARYThis narrative review and meta-analysis summarizes a broad evidence base on the benefits-and also practicalities, disbenefits, harms personal, sociocultural environmental impacts-of masks masking. Our synthesis of from over 100 published reviews selected primary studies, including re-analyzing contested meta-analyses key clinical trials, produced seven findings. First, there is strong consistent for airborne transmission severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) other pathogens. Second, are, if correctly consistently worn, effective in reducing diseases show dose-response effect. Third, respirators are significantly more than medical or cloth masks. Fourth, mask mandates overall, community Fifth, important symbols; non-adherence to masking sometimes linked political ideological beliefs widely circulated mis- disinformation. Sixth, while much that not generally harmful general population, may be relatively contraindicated individuals with certain conditions, who require exemption. Furthermore, groups (notably D/deaf people) disadvantaged when others masked. Finally, risks environment single-use respirators. We propose an agenda future research, improved characterization situations which should recommended mandated; attention comfort acceptability; generalized disability-focused communication support settings where worn; development testing novel materials designs filtration, breathability, impact.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in the Marine Environment

Microplastics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 143 - 167

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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An urgent call to think globally and act locally on landfill disposable plastics under and after covid-19 pandemic: Pollution prevention and technological (Bio) remediation solutions

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 426, P. 131201 - 131201

Published: July 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in bivalves, water and sediments from a touristic sandy beach of Argentina

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 113023 - 113023

Published: Oct. 22, 2021

Language: Английский

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Prospect of microplastic pollution control under the “New normal” concept beyond COVID-19 pandemic

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 367, P. 133027 - 133027

Published: July 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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Personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution in the Caspian Sea, the largest enclosed inland water body in the world

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 824, P. 153771 - 153771

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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Upcycling face mask wastes generated during COVID-19 into value-added engineering materials: A review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 851, P. 158396 - 158396

Published: Aug. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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Assessing face masks in the environment by means of the DPSIR framework

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 814, P. 152859 - 152859

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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Personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution driven by the COVID-19 pandemic in coastal environment, Southeast Coast of India

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 113769 - 113769

Published: May 18, 2022

Language: Английский

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A review of disposable facemasks during the COVID-19 pandemic: A focus on microplastics release

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 312, P. 137178 - 137178

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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