GenX uptake by wheat and flooded and non-flooded rice: greenhouse experiment. DOI Creative Commons

Amnah Al Zbedy,

Viktoria Müller,

Andrew Kindness

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 26, 2023

Abstract GenX (hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid) belongs to the group of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) compounds introduced replace perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), which has been phased out in industrial consumer product formulations. While investigated lab animals, there is limited information available regarding its uptake translocation wheat rice. This study reports on a greenhouse experiment rice grown under flooded non-flooded conditions were exposed two concentrations soil (0.4 mg kg − 1 2 ). was analysed soil, porewater shoots using targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Extractable organic fluorine (EOF) determined high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (HR GFMAS). Results showed that different species took up amounts GenX. The found be 2.34 (± 0.45) µg g 4.11 0.87) conditions, respectively, at low exposure level. At high exposure, increased threefold 10.4 0.41) 13.4 0.72) , respectively. Wheat similar increases between low- high-level exposure. factor significantly higher ( P = 0.013) compared bioaccumulation behaviours same culture (e.g. temperature, humidity, light, concentration soil) < 0.001). Non-flooded plants displayed level than ones. Following GenX, reduction biomass (25%) control 0.014). Our findings indicate bioaccumulative compound, presence likely inhibits growth plants.

Language: Английский

Influence of non-degradable and degradable microplastics on the bioavailability of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance in mice: Mechanism exploration DOI
Pengfei Zhou, Yi Kong, Dengke Zhang

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 977, P. 179381 - 179381

Published: April 14, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Understanding The Response Mechanisms of C4 and C3 Crops to PFHxA Exposure from The Perspective of Plant Water Physiology and Self-Detoxification DOI
Xiangnan Xu, Huilun Chen,

Shangqiang Liao

et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 493, P. 138287 - 138287

Published: April 17, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Association of adverse fetal outcomes with placental inflammation after oral gestational exposure to hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX) in Sprague-Dawley rats DOI

Di Lv,

Hongyun Liu, Qi An

et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 461, P. 132536 - 132536

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Uptake of Tire-Derived Compounds in Leafy Vegetables and Implications for Human Dietary Exposure DOI Creative Commons
Anya Sherman,

Luzian Elijah Hämmerle,

Evyatar Ben Mordechay

et al.

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Introduction: Tire and road wear particles are one of the most abundant types microplastic entering environment. The toxicity tire has been linked to their organic additives associated transformation products. particles, tire-derived compounds introduced agricultural environment via atmospheric deposition, irrigation with reclaimed wastewater, use biosolids (treated sewage sludge) as fertilizer. In environment, these could be taken up by edible plants, leading human exposure. Methods: Sixteen were measured in twenty-eight commercial leafy vegetable samples from four countries. Based on results, estimated daily intake was calculated due consumption based local diets under a mean maximum concentration scenario. Results: vegetables, six detected: benzothiazole (maximum – 238 ng/g dry weight), 2-hydroxybenzothiazole 665 DPG 2.1 6PPD 0.4 IPPD 0.1 CPPD 0.3 weight). At least compound present 71% analyzed. for ranged 0.05 ng/person/day scenario 4.0 scenario; 12 1296 ng/person/day; 0.06 2.6 0.04 1.1 ng/person/day. Discussion: Statistical analyses did not reveal correlation between known growth conditions concentrations samples. generally lower than or comparable other sources. However, we show that foodstuff, exposure might higher produce. Future studies needed uncover pathways food, assess products, investigate biological effects this

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Early-life exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Analysis of levels, health risk and binding abilities to transport proteins DOI Creative Commons

Yaqi Xu,

Xinyao Sui,

Jinhong Li

et al.

Eco-Environment & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 308 - 316

Published: May 8, 2024

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can pass through the placenta adversely affect fetal development. However, there is a lack of comparison legacy emerging PFAS levels among different biosamples in pregnant women their offspring. This study, based on Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort, analyzed concentrations 16 maternal serum, cord breast milk samples from 1,076 mother-child pairs. The placental breastfeeding transfer efficiencies were determined maternal-cord maternal-milk pairs, respectively. binding affinities to five transporters simulated using molecular docking. results suggested that frequently detected biosamples. median concentration perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was highest at 8.85 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 7.13 ng/mL 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether 5.59 serum. PFOA serum (4.23 ng/mL) (1.08 ng/mL). demonstrated higher than efficiencies. most proteins exhibited alkyl chain length-dependent patterns. Furthermore, we comprehensively assessed estimated daily intakes (EDIs) infants age groups used hazard quotient (HQ) characterize potential health risk. EDIs decreased with infant age, PFOS had HQs PFOA. These findings highlight significance considering exposure, mechanism, risks resulting intake early life.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Prediction of PFAS bioaccumulation in different plant tissues with machine learning models based on molecular fingerprints DOI

Chenzhuo Song,

Qian Gu,

Dengke Zhang

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 950, P. 175091 - 175091

Published: July 28, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Bioaccumulation of legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in hydroponic lettuce and risk assessment for human exposure DOI Creative Commons
Qi Jin,

Yuwei Zhang,

Yilin Gu

et al.

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154, P. 378 - 389

Published: Aug. 31, 2024

Reclaimed water for irrigation or hydroponic cultivation provides exposure pathways per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to enter the human food chain. This study employed methods investigate behavior of legacy PFAS emerging chlorinated ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs) in lettuce grown under environment-related levels assessed risks from consuming contaminated lettuce. Overall, were concentration-dependent, with long-chain tending accumulate roots short-chain accumulating more shoots. The enrichment was jointly influenced by their chain length polar functional groups. Specifically, root concentration factors (RCFs) generally increased increasing length, RCF values most perfluoroalkanesulfonic (PFSAs) significantly higher than those perfluoroalkyl carboxylic (PFCAs) same (p < 0.01), while translocation (TFs) exhibited opposite trends. perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) its alternatives, Cl-PFESAs, ranked as follows: 8:2 Cl-PFESA (mean: 139) > 6:2 (28.6) PFOS (25.7), which attributed molecular size hydrophobicity resulting insertion bonds additional CF2 Cl-PFESA. Notably, TF value 0.007) smallest among all PFAS, indicating difficult transfer nutritional compartments. Adults children would exceed conservative health-based reference dose (RfD) approximately 15.9-148 g 7.92-74.0 per day, implying high health risks.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Emerging Perfluorinated Chemical GenX: Environmental and Biological Fates and Risks DOI Creative Commons

Wan-Qian Guo,

Weidong Hao,

Wusheng Xiao

et al.

Environment & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

Perfluorinated chemical GenX, formally known as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO–DA), has been applied an alternative to the forever perfluorooctanoic (PFOA). The applications of HFPO–DA have rapidly expanded from traditional nonstick coating industries into high-tech semiconductor manufacturing. Because such facts in conjunction with its low biodegradation rate and high potential long-distance atmospheric transport, presence accumulation ubiquitously detected environmental media biological species, including animals human beings, posing alarming urgent needs for risk assessment HFPO–DA. Building on United States Environmental Protection Agency's evaluation 2021, this review first summarizes interaction environment, elaborates toxicities carcinogenicity, along their possible mechanisms, briefly addresses current exposure management strategies. These lines evidence support that safety necessitates further investigation monitoring, albeit being considered a less toxic persistence substitute PFOA.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Comparison of the photocatalytic degradability of PFOA, PFOS and GenX using Fe-zeolite in water DOI Creative Commons

Junying Wen,

Huarui Li, Lars Ditlev Mørck Ottosen

et al.

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 344, P. 140344 - 140344

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Knowledge on the photocatalytic degradability of emerging poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in water, specifically GenX, is limited. GenX has been detected globally river water considered potentially more toxic than legacy PFAS. In this study, we compared with compounds perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) perfluorooctanesulfonic (PFOS) using Fe-zeolite photocatalysts. After 7 h irradiation, showed lower removal (79%) defluorination (33%) as to PFOA (100% 69% defluorination) PFOS 51% defluorination). The quasi-first-order degradation rate (1.5 h1) was 12 1.2 times (18.4 h-1) (1.8 h-1), respectively. Additionally, PFOA's (0.9 approximately 2.6 9 higher (0.35 (0.1 These outcomes correlate GenX's hydrophobicity, leading reduced adsorption (40%) (99%) (87%). Based identified transformation products, proposed a pathway, resulting ultra-short-chain PFASs chain length 2 3 carbon atoms, while degraded stepwise, losing 1 carbon-fluorine bond at time, gradually shorter lengths (from atoms). conclusion, challenging remove degrade due its photocatalyst, potential steric hindrance, production persistent products through photocatalysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Locomotion and brain gene expression exhibit sex-specific non-monotonic dose-response to HFPO-DA during Drosophila melanogaster lifespan DOI Creative Commons
Jeanne P. Vu, Flannery McLamb, Zuying Feng

et al.

NeuroToxicology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96, P. 207 - 221

Published: May 1, 2023

Legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known for their environmental persistence bio-accumulative properties, have been phased out in the U.S. due to public health concerns. A newer polymerization aid used manufacture of some fluoropolymers, hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA), has lower reported bioaccumulation toxicity, but is a potential neurotoxicant implicated dopaminergic neurodegeneration. We investigated HFPO-DA's sex-specific effects on lifespan, locomotion, brain gene expression fruit flies. quantified HFPO-DA flies exposed 8.7 × 104 µg/L fly media 14 days via UHPLC-MS. Long-term effect lifespan was determined by exposing both sexes 102 – 105 media. Locomotion measured following 3, 7, exposures at 101 media, high-throughput 3′-end RNA-sequencing quantify brains across same time points. Bioaccumulation not detected. HFPO-DA-induced expression, lowest adverse level (LOAEL) showed sexually dimorphic patterns. scores significantly decreased least one dose all points females only 3-day exposure males, while exhibited non-monotonic dose-response. Differentially expressed genes correlated locomotion revealed numbers positively negatively per functional category. Although survival were significant doses higher than US EPA reference dose, transcriptomic profiling reveals changes neurological molecular targets; enrichments highlight disproportionately affected categories, including immune response: female-specific co-upregulation suggests neuroinflammation. Consistent necessitate blocking sex experimental design during risk assessment.

Language: Английский

Citations

5