Parkinson’s Disease Is Predominantly an Environmental Disease

Journal of Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 451 - 465

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Parkinson’s disease is the world’s fastest growing brain disorder, and exposure to environmental toxicants principal reason. In this paper, we consider alternative, but unsatisfactory, explanations for its rise, including improved diagnostic skills, aging populations, genetic causes. We then detail three that are likely among main causes of disease— certain pesticides, solvent trichloroethylene, air pollution. All ubiquitous, many affect mitochondrial functioning, all can access humans via various routes, inhalation ingestion. reach hopeful conclusion most thus preventable help create a world where increasingly rare.

Language: Английский

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Pesticide residues with hazard classifications relevant to non-target species including humans are omnipresent in the environment and farmer residences

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 181, P. 108280 - 108280

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Intensive and widespread use of pesticides raises serious environmental human health concerns. The presence levels 209 pesticide residues (active substances transformation products) in 625 samples (201 soil, 193 crop, 20 outdoor air, 115 indoor dust, 58 surface water, 38 sediment samples) have been studied. were collected during the 2021 growing season, across 10 study sites, covering main European crops, conventional organic farming systems. We profiled found different matrices using existing hazard classifications towards non-target organisms humans. Combining monitoring data information, we developed an indicator for prioritization pesticides, which can support policy decisions sustainable transitions. Eighty-six percent had at least one residue above respective limit detection. One hundred 112 99 sediments, 78 76 197 dust. number, levels, profile varied between Our results show that non-approved compounds still represent a significant part cocktails should be accounted programs risk assessments. profiles analysis confirms dominance low-moderate underscores high some approved recurring "no available" situations. Overall, our idea assessed mixture context, taking environmentally relevant mixtures into consideration. uncovered uncertainties gaps addressed, as well implications EU approval status level. newly introduced help identify research priority areas, act reference targeted scenarios set forth Farm to Fork reduction goals.

Language: Английский

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The inadequacy of current pesticide regulations for protecting brain health: the case of glyphosate and Parkinson's disease

The Lancet Planetary Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(12), P. e948 - e949

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

Parkinson's disease is undergoing the fastest rise in prevalence among neurological diseases worldwide.1Dorsey ER Sherer T Okun MS Bloem BR The emerging evidence of Parkinson pandemic.J Parkinsons Dis. 2018; 8: S3-S8Crossref PubMed Scopus (608) Google Scholar This growth caused part by exposure to environmental toxicants, with a particular concern revolving around pesticides. Many pesticides cause nigrostriatal cell death and produce parkinsonian signs exposed animals. Moreover, farmers have an increased risk developing disease.1Dorsey There intense debate Europe glyphosate, vote November, 2023, on renewing its marketing authorisation. Glyphosate controversial herbicide because concerns public health risks, including cancer. individuals are international SPRINT study finding glyphosate residues faeces 70% participants (farmers, their neighbours, urban residents).2Mol H, Dias J, Scheepers P, et al. Pesticides biomonitoring: feces as new matrix comparison urine data. International Society for Exposure Science Annual meeting; Aug 27–31, 2023.Google We urgently appeal governments policy makers throughout European Union against extending authorisation another 10 years. Our opinion based two considerations, illustrated here using example, although similar apply other neurodegenerative (eg, Alzheimer's, motor neuron disease) intellectual disabilities children. Current regulatory actions inadequate. It impossible estimate safety relation current actions—defined Food Safety Authority (EFSA)—have serious shortcomings. First, procedures test neurotoxicity too crude. Experimental animals pesticides, assessed primarily evaluating occurrence clinically discernible symptoms However, case system, arise only after extensive damage has been inflicted, loss 60–70% nerve cells. If, 40% those cells died, animal seems healthy, but tested pesticide anything safe. Therefore, absence these experiments does not exclude relevant damage. Targeted post-mortem counts brain regions necessary, actions. shortcoming had long recognised researchers, was also acknowledged recent working conference organised EFSA:3EFSAWorkshop EFSA NAMs project neurotoxicants.https://www.pan-europe.info/sites/pan-europe.info/files/public/resources/other/Agreed%20minutes%207-8%20September%202022.pdfDate accessed: November 4, 2023Google "Overall, there broad consensus that currently existing procedures, actions, likely give us inadequate insight into actual neurotoxic specific substantia nigra, consequently, offer assessment human exposure." Second, doses were probably low representative everyday exposure. present concentrations typically reach humans dietary can travel distances through air high house dust homes residents living nearby farmland,4Navarro I de la Torre A Sanz P al.Occurrence indoor farmworker households across Argentina.Sci Total Environ. 2023; 905167797Crossref (0) thus creating via skin inhalation. These entry routes such should be considered explicitly when assessing glyphosate's neurotoxicity. Third, neurodegeneration affecting gut microbiome, shown studies where produced changes intestinal bacteria.5Kulcsarova K Bang B Berg D Schaeffer E microbiome-gut-brain axis: Convergent pathways pathogenesis Disease.J : 1-28Google Such microbial could act first event triggers cascade processes, spreading from neurons vagal brain. Evaluation microbiome downstream processes therefore become improved Fourth, isolated presently being assessed. reality so-called cocktails which contain multiple pesticides.2Mol Recent work showed co-exposures different results greater dopaminergic than any single pesticide.6Paul KC Krolewski RC Lucumi Moreno al.A iPSC screen identifies classifies Parkinson-relevant pesticides.Nat Commun. 142803Google identified cocktail included mechanisms action, compounds raised previously isolation. findings indicate little said about used glyphosate. Finally, much research far conducted industry itself, they omit at least some evaluation dossier. For omitted linked young rats utero.7Mie Rudén C What you don't know still hurt you—underreporting EU regulation.Environ Health. 2022; 21: 79Crossref (3) Independent evaluation. Taken together, data gap it comes diseases. this important knowledge addressed reassessment might disease, indicated four (summarised here8Eriguchi M Iida Ikeda S al.Parkinsonism Relating Intoxication Glyphosate.Intern Med. 2019; 58: 1935-1938Crossref (19) Scholar) one epidemiological study.9Caballero Amiri Denney JT Monsivais Hystad Amram O Estimated Residential Agricultural Chemicals Premature Mortality Disease Washington State.Int J Environ Res Public 152885Crossref (22) In experiment, co-exposure plus MPTP, potent neurotoxin kills neurons, associated MPTP alone.10Pu Y Chang L Qu al.Glyphosate exacerbates mouse repeated administration MPTP.Neurosci Lett. 2020; 730135032Crossref (8) Furthermore, higher levels urinary neurofilament light protein, indicator neural diseases.11Yang AM Chu PL Wang Lin CY Association between serum chain sample US adults: NHANES 2013-2014.J Expo Sci Epidemiol. (published online Sept 6.)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-023-00594-2Crossref latter effects seen general population—that is, people professionally. vitro suggest oxidative stress, neuroinflammation mitochondrial dysfunction, all context disease.12Costas-Ferreira Durán R Faro LRF Toxic Effects Nervous System: Systematic Review.Int Mol Sci. 234605Crossref (25) Overall, inconclusive, sufficient biologically plausible link death, hence disease. Together shortcomings rapid concern. following advice makers: first, years, consider admission briefer period time, maximally 5 urge authorities release funding development specifically targeting evaluated according framework independent scientific institutions, immediately include same Only demonstrate criteria may continue used. parallel, alternatives use must pursued vigorously. measures will help protect our population risks. RadboudUMC Centre Expertise & Movement Disorders supported centre excellence grant Foundation. sources did involvement preparation manuscript. BRB co-Editor Chief Journal Disease. He editorial board Practical Neurology Digital Biomarkers, received honoraria advisory Abbvie, Biogen, Chimique Belge (UCB); fees speaking conferences AbbVie, Zambon, Roche, General Electric Healthcare, Bial; support Netherlands Organization Scientific Research, Michael Fox Foundation, UCB, Not Impossible, Hersenstichting Nederland, Verily Life Sciences, Horizon 2020, Vereniging (all paid institute). TAB shareholder F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Dutch alliance AbbVie (paid

Language: Английский

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Assessing Contamination in Transitional Waters Using Geospatial Technologies: A Review

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 196 - 196

Published: June 12, 2024

Transitional waters (TWs) are relevant ecological and economical ecosystems that include estuaries, deltas, bays, wetlands, marshes, coastal lakes, lagoons play a central role in providing food, protecting environments, regulating nutrients. However, human activities such as industrialization, urbanization, tourism, agriculture threatening these ecosystems, which results contamination habitat degradation. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate TW develop effective management protection strategies. This study analyses the application of geospatial technologies (GTS) for monitoring predicting contaminant distribution TW. Cartography, interpolation, complex spatial methods, remote sensing were applied assess profiles by heavy metals, persistent organic compounds, analyze indices or some physicochemical water parameters. It concluded integrating environmental demographic data with GTS would help identify critical points promote ecosystem resilience ensure long-term health well-being. review comprehensively analyzes indicators, used transitional conjunction GTS. offers valuable foundation planning future research on pollution types other similar bodies worldwide.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Potential Toxic Effects of Fungicide Fludioxonil on Human Cells and Aquatic Microorganisms

Toxics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 358 - 358

Published: April 30, 2025

Fludioxonil is a widely used fungicide that frequently to combat fungal plant diseases. Consequently, excessive concentrations of fludioxonil may enter and accumulate over time in aquatic systems, harming (micro) organisms several ways. Thus, it great importance evaluate the potential toxic effects using bioassays. In present study, various vitro assays were assess possible human cells microorganisms. For investigation on freshwater microalgae, Scenedesmus rubescens Dunaliella tertiolecta exposed environmentally relevant for period 96 h. at 50–200 μg L−1 significantly limited growth both especially first 24 h exposure, where inhibitions up 82.34% calculated. The toxicity was further evaluated via Microtox test, studied found be less bacteria Aliivibrio fischeri. Regarding cells, fludioxonil’s cyto-genotoxic assessed Trypan blue exclusion test Cytokinesis Block MicroNucleus (CBMN) assay. Cell viability all fludioxonil-treated similar control values according results test. However, CBMN assay revealed had genotoxic higher exerted cytotoxic activity against lymphocytes. Specifically, only highest dose fludioxonil, i.e., 10 mL−1, lymphocytes, whereas treatment with 0.5, 1, 5 mL−1 did not lead statistically significant induction micronuclei (MN) frequencies compared culture. fludioxonil-mediated cytotoxicity significant, which demonstrated by decreased CBPI (cytokinesis block proliferation index) cases except lowest dose, 0.5 mL−1.

Language: Английский

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Widespread occurrence of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in indoor dust from urban homes across the United States and its contribution to human exposure

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 109005 - 109005

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Legacy and Emerging Organic Pollutants in Indoor and Outdoor Environments in Africa: Contamination Levels, Health Risks, and Analytical Techniques

Emerging contaminants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100468 - 100468

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Benchmark doses (BMD) extrapolated from in vitro cytotoxicity experiments in SH-SY5Y cells using the EFSA Bayesian BMD web app: The study case of imidacloprid

Computational Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100346 - 100346

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Pesticide Contamination in Indoor Home Dust: A Pilot Study of Non-Occupational Exposure in Argentina.

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 373, P. 126208 - 126208

Published: April 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Occurrence and human risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in indoor dust from homes, schools and offices

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(37), P. 49682 - 49693

Published: July 30, 2024

Abstract This study investigates the current situation and possible health risks due to pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) including analgesics, antibiotics, antifungals, anti-inflammatories, psychiatric cardiovascular drugs, metabolites, in indoor environments. To achieve this objective, a total of 85 dust samples were collected 2022 from three different Spanish environments: homes, classrooms, offices. The analytical method was validated meeting SANTE/2020/12830 SANTE/12682/2019 performance criteria. All except one presented at least PhAC. Although concentration levels ranged < LOQ 18 µg/g, only acetaminophen, thiabendazole, clotrimazole, anhydroerythromycin showed quantification frequencies (Qf %) above 19% with median concentrations 166 ng/g, 74 25 ng/g 14 respectively. PhAC distribution between deposited on floor settled elevated (> 0.5 m) surfaces assessed but no significant differences (p > 0.05, Mann–Whitney U-test) found. However, quantified types locations Kruskal–Wallis H-test). Homes turned out be environment higher pharmaceutical concentrations, especially acetaminophen (678 median). use these medicines their subsequent removal body identified as main sources dust. Relationships occupant habits, building characteristics, and/or medicine consumption studied. Finally, account differences, estimated daily intakes (EDIs) for inhalation, ingestion dermal adsorption exposure pathways calculated toddlers, adolescents adults classrooms offices separately. Results proved that is route exposure, contributing more than 99% all Moreover, studied groups, occupational (classrooms offices) are much lower obtained where hazard indexes (HIs) (7%—12%) clotrimazole (4%-7%) worst scenario (P95) highlight need continuous monitoring.

Language: Английский

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