Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 105185 - 105185
Published: Jan. 20, 2024
Language: Английский
Buildings, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 180 - 180
Published: Feb. 4, 2022
During the normalization phase of COVID-19 epidemic, society has gradually reverted to using building space, especially for public buildings, e.g., offices. Prevention airborne pollutants emerged as a major challenge. Ventilation strategies can contribute mitigating spread disease in an indoor environment, including increasing supply air rate, modifying ventilation mode, etc. The larger rate inevitably lead high energy consumption, which may be also ineffective reducing infection risk. As critical factor affecting viral contaminant, potential modes control should explored. This study compared several office, mixing (MV), zone (ZV), stratum (SV) and displacement (DV), through analyzing performance risk optimal one. By ANSYS Fluent, distributions airflow pollutant were simulated under various infected occupants. SV showed greater than MV, ZV DV, with distribution index (ADPI) 90.5% minimum 13%. work provide reference development space oriented prevention COVID-19.
Language: Английский
Citations
39
Atmospheric Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 305, P. 107453 - 107453
Published: April 30, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Building Simulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 771 - 784
Published: Jan. 19, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 104048 - 104048
Published: July 13, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
35
Journal of Building Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 106737 - 106737
Published: May 8, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
21
Energy and Buildings, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 113323 - 113323
Published: June 28, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
20
PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e1011956 - e1011956
Published: March 28, 2024
SARS-CoV-2 transmission in indoor spaces, where most infection events occur, depends on the types and duration of human interactions, among others. Understanding how these behaviours interface with virus characteristics to drive pathogen dictate outcomes non-pharmaceutical interventions is important for informed safe use spaces. To better understand complex we developed Pedestrian Dynamics-Virus Spread model (PeDViS), an individual-based that combines pedestrian behaviour models spread incorporating direct indirect routes. We explored relationships between exposure duration, distance, respiratory behaviour, environment which interactions infected uninfected individuals took place compared this benchmark 'at risk' (1.5 metres 15 minutes). When considering aerosol transmission, adhering distancing measures may be at risk due buildup airborne when spend prolonged time indoors. In our restaurant case, guests seated tables near were limited but could, particularly poorly ventilated places, experience risks surpass interactions. Combining target different routes can aid accumulating impact, instance by combining ventilation face masks. The impact such combined relative importance routes, hard disentangle highly context dependent. This uncertainty should considered assessing upon illustrated multi-dimensionality emerges from interplay viruses. A modelling strategy incorporates assessments help inform policy makers citizens spaces varying inter-human
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Building and Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 256, P. 111444 - 111444
Published: March 26, 2024
Ultra-Clean-Air (UCA) operating theatres aim to minimise surgical instrument contamination and wound infection through high flow rates of ultra-clean air, reducing the presence Microbe Carrying Particles (MCPs). This study investigates airflow patterns ventilation characteristics a UCA theatre (OT) under standard system conditions, considering both empty partially occupied scenarios. Utilising precise computational model, quasi-Direct Numerical Simulations (qDNS) were conducted delineate velocity profiles, energy spectra, distributions turbulent kinetic energy, dissipation rate, local Kolmogorov scales, pressure-based coherent structures. These results also complemented by tracer gas decay analysis following ASHRAE guidelines. showed that contrary intended laminar regime, OT's geometry inherently fosters predominantly airflow, sustained until evacuation exhaust vents, facilitating recirculation zones irrespective occupancy level. Notably, scenario demonstrated superior efficiency, phenomenon attributed enhanced induced additional obstructions. The findings underscore critical role UCA-OT design in mitigating MCP dissemination, highlighting potential augment optimise across broader spectrum, thereby diminishing consequently propensity for Surgical Site Infections (SSIs). advocates refinements harness dynamics beneficially, steering towards safer environment.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Indoor and Built Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(10), P. 2020 - 2033
Published: June 27, 2022
A study of the aerodynamic characteristics aerosol expiration is important for understanding size distribution droplet concentration in COVID-19 disease transmission. This measured initial and droplets released during four breathing processes: nose breathing, mouth reading alphabets counting numbers. Influencing factors on generation were studied by statistical analyses. Significant differences among activities pairs found ( p < 0.001), except numbers = 1). The 0.05), but not 0.136), male subjects, was significantly higher than that female subjects. generated speaking letters with special phonemes, example, /i:/, 0.05) without phonemes. discharged sizes from dominated small d 1.037 μm over 50% 2.642 80%). Basically, no particles larger 8 detected particle sizer. inference indicates a possible transmission non-symptomatic aerosol-producing such as or may elucidate pathway COVID-19.
Language: Английский
Citations
19
Environmental Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 1701 - 1727
Published: Feb. 22, 2023
Transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 is still ongoing despite mass vaccination, lockdowns, and other drastic measures to control pandemic. This due partly our lack understanding on multiphase flow mechanics that droplet transport viral transmission dynamics. Various models evaporation have been reported, yet there limited knowledge about influence physicochemical parameters respiratory droplets carrying severe acute syndrome 2. Here we review effects initial size, environmental conditions, virus mutation, non-volatile components dispersion, stability. We present experimental computational methods analyze transport, factors controlling evaporation. Methods include thermal manikins, techniques, aerosol-generating nucleic acid-based assays, antibody-based polymerase chain reaction, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, field-effect transistor-based assay, discrete gas-phase modeling. Controlling turbulence, ventilation, ambient temperature, relative humidity, size distribution, components, mutation. Current results show medium-sized droplets, e.g., 50 µm, are sensitive humidity. Medium-sized experience delayed at high increase airborne lifetime travel distance. By contrast, low quickly shrink nuclei follow cough jet. Virus inactivation within a few hours generally occurs temperatures above 40 °C, presence particles in aerosols impedes
Language: Английский
Citations
12