Effect of thymol and propolis extract on genotoxicity, biochemical activities and expression profile of some genes on honey bee, Apis mellifera, infected with Vairimorpha (Nosema) ceranae

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Abstract Background Nosema ceranae, the predominant microsporidian parasite, weakens Apis mellifera honey bee colonies and reduces their productivity reproduction. This research aims to detect impact of thymol propolis extracts on genotoxicity repair, oxidative enzymes, expression some antimicrobial genes hypopharyngeal glands in N. ceranae -infected bees. Experimentally, infected honeybee were divided into four groups: (1) untreated, (2) for (3 g/L) treatment, (3) (0.1 treatment (4) mixed with propolis. Workers from adult colonies, treated randomly sampled. The collected samples used studying effect, concentration enzymes (superoxide-dismutases, glutathione S transferase, catalase malondialdehyde (MDA)), measuring relative major royal proteins 1 & 2 (MJRP1 MJRP2). Results results show that extract decreased increased genes, levels MJRP1 MJRP2 activities when applied Conclusion Thymol positively affect health mix them. study reveals natural product mixture may fight prevent decline sudden death.

Language: Английский

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High occurrence of viruses in migratory bees: a risk for bee health in southern Brazil

Ciência Rural, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55(5)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT: The periodic rental and movement of colonies for pollination purposes currently characterize migratory beekeeping. Even though it is economically advantageous, this practice causes an increase in stress exposure to various pathogens. This study aied report the multiple viruses identified bees located southern Brazil. Bees were collected from 135 species Apis mellifera, used beekeeping 2021 2022 and/or honey production apple, canola, japanese grape, eucalyptus, sunflower crops. These remain housed at Agronomic Experimental Station Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Sul. Each sample was subjected conventional Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction technique, using two multiplexes: Multiplex 1 Deformed Wing Virus (DWV), Black Queen Cell (BQCV) Israeli Acute Paralysis (IAPV); 2 Sacbrood (SBV), Chronic Bee (CBPV) (ABPV). Positive samples selected purification, sequencing, analysis. Of analyzed, 12 (8.9%) positive ABPV, 124 (91.8%) BQCV, 85(63.0%) CBPV, 123 (91.1%) DWV, 3 (2.2%) IAPV, 96 (71.1%) SBV. Only considered negative; all presented least different viruses. demonstrated high occurrence infections viral bees. Furthermore, first IAPV CBPV state

Language: Английский

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Unhealthy brood odor scores predict pathogen loads of several important honey bee diseases

Frontiers in Bee Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: April 2, 2025

Pests and pathogens are a primary threat to honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies worldwide. Selective breeding for bees resistant these stressors represents promising approach mitigating their impacts on health. UBeeO is novel hygiene-eliciting selection tool that has been used identify the parasitic mite Varroa destructor , more likely survive winter without beekeeper intervention. Here, we three separate case studies evaluate effectiveness of assay in identifying resist disease. In distinct geographic regions, measured scores along with prevalence load key fungal viral pathogens. We show can be several other diseases, including two chalkbrood ( Ascosphaera apis ) Vairimorpha spp. (previously Nosema ), multiple viruses, all critically important health survival. Furthermore, potential resistance thresholds each pathogen, demonstrating an inverse relationship between pathogen virulence minimum score associated pathogen. These findings suggest UBeeO-guided strategies have significantly improve programs by facilitating identification resilient pathogen-resistant colonies. The broad range our study sites underscores robustness applicability across varying environmental contexts. Since provide essential pollination services both natural agricultural ecosystems, this work major implications health, crop productivity, food security global scale.

Language: Английский

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First Record on Genotype of Deformed Wing Virus in Varroa-Infected Honeybee, Apis mellifera L. in Iraq

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1487(1), P. 012026 - 012026

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Globally, there are 3 genotypes of Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) infecting honeybees. DWV-A is more harmful than DWV-B which causes less damage to the host.In Iraq no studies determining genotype DWV. Thus, for first time in Iraq, this work aimed determine DWV Varroa-infected bees local honeybee hives reared Basra-Iraq. After PCR product amplification, only primers were succeeded amplify bee`s cDNA giving 155 bp bands, while bands and DWV-C. This indicated that Basra/Iraq belongs A-genotype. Pairwise alignment dendrogram tree our Sequence share same sub-cluster with Iraqi wing virus A isolate DWV-Iraq, was published another study (Hussein Al-Esawy, unpublished). Interestingly, very close those from Argentina Japan (Kakugo virus) suggesting evolutionary origin. However, other isolates Syria, must be ours, have separate sub-cluster. Unfortunately, leads high mortality population. increasing immunity needed control disease.

Language: Английский

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Strategies to Mitigate the Adverse Impacts of Viral Infections on Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 509 - 509

Published: May 10, 2025

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) play a crucial role in global food production through the pollination of various crops. These vital insects are susceptible to range viral pathogens that can disrupt their normal behavior and physiology, ultimately affecting colony dynamics survival. There diverse viruses infect honey at different life stages, with year-round prevalence. multiple pathways which be transmitted among colonies. Notably, there is also lack commercial treatments against infections bees, but some promising strategies exist mitigate negative effects, including vector control, implementation good beekeeping practices biosecurity measures. While methods for treating infected colonies have garnered attention, they receive less focus compared aspects like transmission seasonal prevalence viruses. This article aims review aforementioned light available literature. It presents succinct practical approaches categorized based on potential direct or indirect effects viruses, providing beekeepers researchers an overview both fully established still-developing methods. Controlling ectoparasitic Varroa destructor mite population, significantly impacts virulence reducing infections. Practical such as selectively breeding bee populations resistant ensuring proper nutrition important strategies. Moreover, genetic been proposed tested. The not only emphasizes these discusses knowledge gaps suggests future solutions improve health productivity

Language: Английский

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First Description of the Occurrence of Slow Bee Paralysis Virus-1 and Deformed Wing Virus B in Apis mellifera ligustica Honeybee in Italy

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 626 - 626

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Among the causes of bee colony death, viruses are among number pathogens that can contribute to ill health a colony. This study focuses on two several honeybee viruses, Slow Bee Paralysis Virus-1 (SBPV-1) and Deformed Wing Virus B (DWV-B), both belonging Iflavirus genus. To date, there is limited information available presence these in Italy. For this research project (IZS LT 04/19 RC), funded by Ministry Health, positivity were evaluated Italy using molecular methods. Convenience sampling was used, samples analyzed for and/or other main specific PCR protocols Sanger sequencing when necessary. A statistical analysis conducted independence between viruses. Our data demonstrate first time SBPV-1 Italian territory with rather low most regions investigated, except Emilia-Romagna Lazio where it detected more frequently, while DWV-B at higher level all investigated.

Language: Английский

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Honey bee pathogenesis posing threat to its global population: a short review

DELETED, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 88(1), P. 11 - 32

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Pollination and ecosystem sustainability are the two chief varieties of services provided by honey bees they play a paramount role in functioning an human lives. Apis cerana, mellifera, florea dorsata main species found all over world. Honey, beeswax, royal jelly propolis core products produced bees. This review aims to emphasize bring together facts ground realities leading decline bee population. The declining population is serious threat therefore researchers around world consequently interested understanding causes concerns. reasons responsible for fall were bacteria, viruses, parasites other invaders, including certain chemicals, toxic substances, improper nutrition dirty farming practices. Conservation management strategies much needed counter these important insects interest global commercial benefits.

Language: Английский

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Design and implementation of a smart beehive and its monitoring system using microservices in the context of IoT and open data

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 106897 - 106897

Published: April 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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Acaricide flumethrin-induced sublethal risks in honeybees are associated with gut symbiotic bacterium Gilliamella apicola through microbe-host metabolic interactions

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 307, P. 136030 - 136030

Published: Aug. 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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Discovery and characterization of novel DNA viruses in Apis mellifera : expanding the honey bee virome through metagenomic analysis

mSystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(4)

Published: March 5, 2024

ABSTRACT To date, many viruses have been discovered to infect honey bees. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing expand the known virome of bee, Apis mellifera , by identifying several novel DNA viruses. While majority previously identified bee are RNA, our study reveals nine new genomes from Parvoviridae family, tentatively named Bee densoviruses 1 9. addition, characterized a large virus, filamentous-like virus (AmFLV), which shares limited protein identities with filamentous virus. The complete sequence AmFLV, obtained combination laboratory techniques and bioinformatics, spans 152,678 bp. Linear dsDNA genome encodes for 112 proteins, 49 annotated. Another is nudivirus, belongs group Alphanudivirus . has length 129,467 bp circular genome, 106 encoding genes. contains most core genes family Nudiviridae This research demonstrates effectiveness viral binning in virology, showcasing its initial application field. IMPORTANCE Honey bees contribute significantly food security providing pollination services. Understanding crucial health conservation populations also stability ecosystems economies they indispensable. unveils unknown virome, expanding knowledge potential threats health. use approach employed offers promising method uncovering understanding vast diversity these essential pollinators.

Language: Английский

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