Meta-Radiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100149 - 100149
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)
Published: April 10, 2023
Abstract Vascular complications of diabetes pose a severe threat to human health. Prevention and treatment protocols based on single vascular complication are no longer suitable for the long-term management patients with diabetes. Diabetic panvascular disease (DPD) is clinical syndrome in which vessels various sizes, including macrovessels microvessels cardiac, cerebral, renal, ophthalmic, peripheral systems diabetes, develop atherosclerosis as common pathology. Pathological manifestations DPDs usually manifest macrovascular atherosclerosis, well microvascular endothelial function impairment, basement membrane thickening, microthrombosis. Cardiac, microangiopathy coexist microangiopathy, while renal retinal predominantly microangiopathic. The following associations exist between DPDs: numerous similar molecular mechanisms, risk-predictive relationships diseases. Aggressive glycemic control combined early comprehensive intervention key prevention treatment. In addition widely recommended metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, latest aldose reductase peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonizts, glucokinases mitochondrial energy modulators, etc. under active development. proposed obtain more systematic care requires center focusing This would leverage advantages cross-disciplinary approach achieve better integration pathogenesis therapeutic evidence. Such strategy confer benefits promote development DPD discipline.
Language: Английский
Citations
257
Displays, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 102391 - 102391
Published: Feb. 2, 2023
The eyes are an essential tool for human observation and perception of the world, helping people to perform their tasks. Visual impairment causes many inconveniences in lives visually impaired people. Therefore, it is necessary focus on needs community. Researchers work from different angles help live normal lives. advent digital age has profoundly changed community, making life more convenient. Deep learning, as a promising technology, also expected improve It increasingly being used diagnosis eye diseases development visual aids. earlier accurate disease by doctor, sooner patient can receive appropriate treatment better chances cure. This paper summarises recent research artificial intelligence-based divided according purpose study into deep learning methods applied diagnosing smart devices daily Finally, summary given directions which intelligence may be able assist future. In addition, this overview provides some knowledge about beginners. We hope will inspire future subjects. .
Language: Английский
Citations
53
Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1)
Published: March 3, 2023
Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous chronic metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia, commonly preceded prediabetic state. The excess blood glucose can damage multiple organs, including brain. In fact, cognitive decline and dementia are increasingly being recognized as important comorbidities diabetes. Despite largely consistent link between diabetes dementia, underlying causes neurodegeneration in diabetic patients remain to be elucidated. A common factor for almost all neurological disorders neuroinflammation, complex inflammatory process central nervous system most part orchestrated microglial cells, main representatives immune this context, our research question aimed understand how affects brain and/or retinal microglia physiology. We conducted systematic search PubMed Web Science identify items addressing effects on phenotypic modulation, critical neuroinflammatory mediators their pathways. literature yielded 1327 records, 18 patents. Based title abstracts, 830 papers were screened from which 250 primary met eligibility criteria (original articles with or strict model without comorbidities, that included direct data about retina), 17 additional through forward backward citations, resulting total 267 scoping review. reviewed publications investigating its pathophysiological traits microglia, vitro studies, preclinical models clinical studies patients. Although classification remains elusive given capacity adapt environment morphological, ultrastructural molecular dynamism, modulates states, triggering specific responses include upregulation activity markers (such Iba1, CD11b, CD68, MHC-II F4/80), morphological shift amoeboid shape, secretion wide variety cytokines chemokines, reprogramming generalized increase oxidative stress. Pathways activated diabetes-related conditions NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, fractalkine/CX3CR1, MAPKs, AGEs/RAGE Akt/mTOR. Altogether, detailed portrait interactions physiology presented here regarded an starting point future focused microglia–metabolism interface.
Language: Английский
Citations
43
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81(1)
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic that due to its increasing prevalence worldwide will likely become the most common debilitating health condition. Even if primarily metabolic disorder, it now well established key aspects of pathogenesis are associated with nervous system alterations, including deleterious chronic inflammation neural tissues, referred here as neuroinflammation, along different detrimental glial cell responses stress conditions and neurodegenerative features. Moreover, resembles accelerated aging, further risk developing age-linked disorders. As such, disabling diabetic comorbidities, namely retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, cognitive decline, intimately neurodegeneration. described in aging other neurological disorders, alterations such microglial, astrocyte, Müller increased reactivity dysfunctionality, myelin loss Schwann have been broadly both human animal models, where they contributors noxious tissues within PNS CNS. In this review, we aim describe in-depth unique underlying changes observed across three main complications, goal uncovering shared cells pathological mechanisms enable discovery potential targets limit neuroinflammation prevent neurodegeneration all complications. Diabetes complications already public concern rapidly incidence, thus economic impact. Hence, understanding role play decline provide us novel therapeutic approaches tackle diabetic-associated Graphical abstract
Language: Английский
Citations
21
Brain, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 147(4), P. 1474 - 1482
Published: Oct. 25, 2023
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the controversial association between metformin use and diabetes-associated dementia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) evaluate potential protective effects of metformin, as well its intensity dose-dependency, against this population. The used a time-dependent Cox hazards model effect on incidence dementia. case group included T2DM (≥60 years old) who received while control consisted did not receive during follow-up period. Our analysis revealed significant reduction risk among individuals using an adjusted hazard ratio 0.34 (95% confidence interval: 0.33 0.36). Notably, users daily 1 defined dose (DDD) or higher had lower dementia, interval) 0.46 (0.22 0.6), compared those <1 DDD. Additionally, cumulative DDDs showed dose-response relationship, progressively across quartiles (0.15, 0.21, 0.28, 0.53 for 4, 3, 1, respectively), never (P trend < 0.0001). Metformin is significantly associated substantial demonstrates dose-dependent dosages showing greater reduction.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Translational Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)
Published: Aug. 9, 2024
The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus has casted a spotlight on one its significant sequelae: cognitive impairment. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, originally developed for management, are increasingly studied their benefits. These benefits may include reduction oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, decrease amyloid burdens, enhancement neuronal plasticity, improved cerebral glucose utilization. multifaceted effects the relatively favorable side-effect profile SGLT2 inhibitors render them promising therapeutic candidate disorders. Nonetheless, application impairment is not without limitations, necessitating more comprehensive research to fully determine potential treatment. In this review, we discuss role in neural function, elucidate diabetes-cognition nexus, synthesize current knowledge based animal studies clinical evidence. Research gaps proposed spur further investigation.
Language: Английский
Citations
15
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 105592 - 105592
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18
Published: March 21, 2024
Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is an important mechanism to ensure adequate blood supply active neurons in the brain. NVC damage can lead chronic impairment of neuronal function. Diabetes characterized by high sugar and considered risk factor for cognitive impairment. In this review, we provide fMRI evidence diabetic patients with decline. Combined exploration major mechanisms signaling pathways NVC, discuss effects hyperglycemia on cellular structure signaling, including key receptors, ion channels, intercellular connections. Studying these diabetes-related changes cell will help us understand underlying causes behind diabetes-induced early decline, ultimately helping identify most effective drug targets treatment.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(15), P. 8513 - 8513
Published: July 31, 2022
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of preventable blindness in working-age population. The disease progresses slowly, and we can roughly differentiate two stages: early-stage (ESDR), which there are mild retinal lesions visual acuity generally preserved, advanced-stage (ASDR), structural significant compromised. At present, no specific treatments for ESDR current recommended action to optimize metabolic control maintain close blood pressure. However, coming years, it foreseeable that therapeutic strategies based neuroprotection will be introduced clinical arena. This means screening aimed at identifying patients whom neuroprotective treatment might beneficial crucial. Regarding ASDR, primary course on laser photocoagulation intravitreal injections anti-angiogenic factors or corticosteroids. Repeated anti-VEGF agents as first-line would replaced by more cost-effective personalized results “liquid biopsies” aqueous humor. Finally, topical administration (i.e., eye drops) neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory represent a revolution DR decade. In this article, all these approaches others critically discussed from holistic perspective.
Language: Английский
Citations
26
Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(24), P. 5222 - 5222
Published: Dec. 8, 2022
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systemic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin deficiency and resistance. Recently, it has become significant threat to public health.
Language: Английский
Citations
25