Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of cell origin and change functions phenotypes other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker therapeutic potential have generated broad interest, as evidenced by steady year-on-year increase in numbers scientific publications about EVs. Important advances been made EV metrology understanding applying biology. However, hurdles remain to realising EVs domains ranging from basic biology clinical applications due challenges nomenclature, separation non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation functional studies. To address opportunities this rapidly evolving field, International Society for Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information Studies Vesicles', which was first published 2014 then 2018 MISEV2014 MISEV2018, respectively. The goal current document, MISEV2023, is provide researchers with an updated snapshot available approaches advantages limitations production, multiple sources, including culture, body fluids solid tissues. In addition presenting latest art principles research, document also covers advanced techniques that are currently expanding boundaries field. MISEV2023 includes new sections on release uptake a brief discussion vivo study Compiling feedback ISEV expert task forces more than 1000 researchers, conveys research facilitate robust discoveries move field forward even rapidly.

Language: Английский

---

Exosomes as a new frontier of cancer liquid biopsy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Feb. 18, 2022

Abstract Liquid biopsy, characterized by minimally invasive detection through biofluids such as blood, saliva, and urine, has emerged a revolutionary strategy for cancer diagnosis prognosis prediction. Exosomes are subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that shuttle molecular cargoes from donor cells to recipient play crucial role in mediating intercellular communication. Increasing studies suggest exosomes have great promise serve novel biomarkers liquid since large quantities enriched body fluids involved numerous physiological pathological processes. However, the further clinical application been greatly restrained lack high-quality separation component analysis methods. This review aims provide comprehensive overview on conventional technologies exosome isolation, characterization content detection. Additionally, roles serving potential biopsy diagnosis, treatment monitoring, prediction summarized. Finally, prospects challenges applying exosome-based precision medicine evaluated.

Language: Английский

---

Modern isolation and separation techniques for extracellular vesicles

Journal of Chromatography A, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 1636, P. 461773 - 461773

Published: Dec. 3, 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogenous membrane-bound released from various origins. EVs play a crucial role in cellular communication and mediate several physiological pathological processes, highlighting their potential therapeutic diagnostic applications. Due to the rapid increase interests needs elucidate EV properties functions, numerous isolation separation approaches for have been developed overcome limitations of conventional techniques, such as ultracentrifugation. This review focuses on recently emerging modern including size-, charge-, affinity-based techniques while excluding ultracentrifugation precipitation-based due multiple limitations. The advantages drawbacks each technique discussed together with insights into Emerging all share similar features terms being time-effective, easy-to-operate, capable providing suitable desirable purity integrity applications interest. Combination hyphenation used yield best quality. most recent development using an automated on-line system selective trapping unit asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation allows reliable subpopulations human plasma.

Language: Английский

---

Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(15)

Published: March 25, 2022

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that share components of their parent cells and attractive in biotechnology biomedical research as potential disease biomarkers well therapeutic agents. Crucial to realizing this is the ability manufacture high-quality exosomes; however, unlike biologics such proteins, exosomes lack standardized Good Manufacturing Practices for processing characterization. Furthermore, there a well-characterized reference exosome materials aid selection methods isolation, purification, analysis. This review informs technology development by comparing characterization recommending workflows. also provides detailed introduction exosomes, including physical chemical properties, roles normal biological processes progression, summarizes some on-going clinical trials.

Language: Английский

---

Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 6548 - 6575

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Extracellular vesicles, especially small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are now accepted as important messengers in cell-to-cell communication and a promising drug delivery platform.They involved nearly all physiological pathological processes disease diagnosis therapy.However, their heterogeneity of physicochemical properties functions is not fully understood, which hinders further clinical applications.To obtain highly bioactive sEVs with both high yield purity, will certainly facilitate future study application.This review informs up-to-date research on frequently-used cutting-edge technologies isolation makes deep comparison analysis different methods, including advantages, limitations applications.Pending questions about the inherent property these well strategies discussed.Additionally, an overview applications treatment, some on-going trials, also reviewed.

Language: Английский

---

Plant‐derived extracellular vesicles: Recent advancements and current challenges on their use for biomedical applications

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse class of lipid bilayer membrane released by both animal and plant cells. These ubiquitous are involved in intercellular communication transport various biological cargos, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. In recent years, interest plant‐derived EVs has increased tremendously, as they serve scalable sustainable alternative to derived from mammalian sources. vitro vivo findings have demonstrated that these (PDVs) possess intrinsic therapeutic activities can potentially treat diseases improve human health. addition, PDVs also act efficient biocompatible drug carriers. While preclinical studies shown promising results, there still several challenges knowledge gaps be addressed for the successful translation into clinical applications, especially view lack standardised protocols material handling PDV isolation This review provides readers with quick overview current understanding research on PDVs, critically analysing highlighting immense potential novel therapeutics diseases. It is expected this work will guide scientists address currently associated promote new advances plant‐based solutions.

Language: Английский

---

Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 27, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a unique and heterogeneous class of lipid bilayer nanoparticles secreted by most cells. EVs regarded as important mediators intercellular communication in both prokaryotic eukaryotic cells due to their ability transfer proteins, lipids nucleic acids recipient In addition physiological role, recognized modulators pathological processes such cancer, infectious diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, providing new potential targets for diagnosis therapeutic intervention. For complete understanding universal cellular biological system its translational applications, optimal techniques isolation characterization required. Here, we review recent progress those techniques, from methods techniques. With interest applications growing, address fundamental points EV-related cell biology, uptake mechanisms biodistribution tissues well challenges application drug carriers or biomarkers less invasive immunogens. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Therapeutic Approaches Drug Discovery Nanomedicine Oncologic Disease Infectious Disease.

Language: Английский

---

The Evolving Landscape of Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Exosomes Characteristics and a Promising Role in Early Diagnosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 440 - 440

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) remains to be one of the biggest burdens on healthcare systems and serves as a leading cause disability death. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is among most common such disorders, followed by Parkinson’s (PD). The basic molecular details initiation pathology are still under research. Only recently, role exosomes has been linked progression these neurodegenerative diseases. Exosomes small bilipid layer enclosed extracellular vesicles, which were once considered cellular waste functionless. These nano-vesicles 30–150 nm in diameter carry specific proteins, lipids, functional mRNAs, high amounts non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs). As content known vary per their originating recipient cells, vesicles can utilized diagnostic biomarker for early detection. Here we review exosomes, biogenesis, composition, We have also provided characterization through an array available techniques. Their updated discussed. Finally, shed light novel field salivary potential candidate diagnosis compared biomarkers with other blood/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) based within neurological ailments.

Language: Английский

---

Development of Extracellular Vesicle Therapeutics: Challenges, Considerations, and Opportunities

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 20, 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise as therapeutic modalities due to their endogenous characteristics, however, further bioengineering refinement is required address clinical and commercial limitations. Clinical applications of EV-based therapeutics are being trialed in immunomodulation, tissue regeneration recovery, delivery vectors for combination therapies. Native/biological EVs possess diverse properties that offer stability facilitate crossing biological barriers molecular cargo cells, acting a form intercellular communication regulate function phenotype. Moreover, important components paracrine signaling stem/progenitor cell-based therapies, employed standalone can be used drug system. Despite remarkable utility native/biological EVs, they improved using bio/engineering approaches potential. engineered harbor specific pharmaceutical content, enhance stability, modify surface epitopes tropism targeting cells tissues vivo. Limitations currently challenging the full realization include scalability standardization generation, characterization design regulation, potency assessment, targeted delivery. The fields' utilization advanced technologies (imaging, quantitative analyses, multi-omics, labeling/live-cell reporters), biocompatible natural sources producing (plants, bacteria, milk) will play an role overcoming these Advancements EV engineering methodologies development therapeutics, revolutionizing current landscape.

Language: Английский

---

Exosomes in atherosclerosis: performers, bystanders, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 3996 - 4010

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Exosomes are nanosized lipid vesicles originating from the endosomal system that carry many macromolecules their parental cells and play important roles in intercellular communication. The functions underlying mechanisms of exosomes atherosclerosis have recently been intensively studied. In this review, we briefly introduce exosome biology then focus on advances atherosclerosis, specifically exosomal changes associated with cellular origins potential functional cargos, detailed impacts recipient cells. We also discuss as biomarkers drug carriers for managing atherosclerosis.

Language: Английский

---