Psychological Consequences of Social Isolation During COVID-19 Outbreak

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Sept. 9, 2020

Perceived social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly resulted in a large number of psychological consequences. Changes our daily lives, feeling loneliness, job loss, financial difficulty and grief over death loved ones potential to affect mental many. In an atmosphere uncertainty, it is essential that clear precise information offered on problem. this contribution, reasons need for rapid response health impacts are highlighted. Moreover, suggestions individuals regulate their emotions effectively appropriately provided.

Language: Английский

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Resilience during uncertainty? Greater social connectedness during COVID‐19 lockdown is associated with reduced distress and fatigue

British Journal of Health Psychology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 553 - 569

Published: Oct. 25, 2020

Social connections are crucial for our health and well-being. This is especially true during times of high uncertainty distress, such as the COVID-19 lockdown. period was characterized by unprecedented physical distancing (often communicated social distancing) measures resulting in significant changes to people's usual lives. Given potential effects this disruption on well-being, it identify factors which associated with negative outcomes, conversely, those that promote resilience adversity.We examined relationship between individuals' levels connectedness lockdown self-reported stress, worry, fatigue.Survey data were collected from 981 individuals a representative sample Austrian citizens. Data collection occurred last week six-week nationwide due pandemic. The final consisted 902 participants. Participants asked complete validated questionnaires assess well perceived worry-both general specific-and symptoms fatigue previous two weeks.Our results demonstrate greater lower COVID-19-specific worries. Furthermore, we found connectedness, mediated feelings worries, worries-respectively, indicating smaller network sizes, who highly distressed pandemic, also likely report feeling more fatigued.Our findings highlight important role play promoting buffering against mental particularly adversity adversity.

Language: Английский

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The psychiatric sequelae of the COVID‐19 pandemic in adolescents, adults, and health care workers

Depression and Anxiety, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 38(2), P. 233 - 246

Published: Dec. 28, 2020

Background The COVID-19 pandemic is the most serious global public health crisis since 1918 influenza pandemic. This study first to assess its mental impact across lifespan in United States adolescents, adults, and care workers. Methods We recruited 4909 participants through an online survey advertising on Facebook Instagram exposure psychiatric symptoms from April 27 July 13. also University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Medical Center, other systems around Pittsburgh. primary outcomes were clinically significant depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, suicidal ideation or behavior, grief reactions COVID-19. Results Adolescents significantly more likely report moderate severe depression (55% vs. 29%; χ2 = 122, df 1; p < .001), anxiety (48% 73; PTSD (45% 33%; 12; behavior (38% 16%; 117; sleep problems (69% 57%; 26; .001) compared adults. rates intense among those who lost someone was 55%. Loneliness common predictor higher number hours spent social media about predicted adolescents. Conclusions associated with increased symptoms. could put individuals at risk for onset disorders.

Language: Английский

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The default network of the human brain is associated with perceived social isolation

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Dec. 15, 2020

Abstract Humans survive and thrive through social exchange. Yet, dependency also comes at a cost. Perceived isolation, or loneliness, affects physical mental health, cognitive performance, overall life expectancy, increases vulnerability to Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias. Despite severe consequences on behavior the neural basis of loneliness remains elusive. Using UK Biobank population imaging-genetics cohort ( n = ~40,000, aged 40–69 years when recruited, mean age 54.9), we test for signatures in grey matter morphology, intrinsic functional coupling, fiber tract microstructure. The loneliness-linked neurobiological profiles converge collection brain regions known as ‘default network’. This higher associative network shows more consistent associations volume than other cortical networks. Lonely individuals display stronger communication default network, greater microstructural integrity its fornix pathway. findings fit with possibility that up-regulation these circuits supports mentalizing, reminiscence imagination fill void.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive and mental health changes and their vulnerability factors related to COVID-19 lockdown in Italy

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. e0246204 - e0246204

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and government imposed social restrictions like lockdown exposed most individuals to an unprecedented stress, increasing mental health disorders worldwide. We explored subjective cognitive functioning changes their possible interplay related COVID-19-lockdown. also investigated potential risk factors identify more vulnerable groups. Across Italy, 1215 respondents completed our Qualtrics-based online-survey during the end of a seven 10-week home confinement (from April 29 May 17, 2020). found severely changed in association with lockdown. Under regulations, complaints were mostly perceived routine tasks involving attention, temporal orientation executive functions—with no language abilities. A paradoxical effect was observed for memory, reduced forgetfulness compared pre-lockdown. higher severity prevalence depression, anxiety disorders, abnormal sleep, appetite changes, libido anxiety: mild-to-severe depression climbing 32 36 percent, respectively, under restrictions. Being female, 45 years, working from or being underemployed all identified as relevant worsening cognition health. Frequent consumers mass media information residents highly infected communities reported symptoms, particularly hypochondria latter. If similar are reimposed, governments must carefully consider these groups decisions, whilst developing effective global long-term responses challenges this type pandemic; well implementing appropriate psychological interventions specific guidelines: regarding exposure mass-media reports.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19: Rethinking the Lockdown Groupthink

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Feb. 26, 2021

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the Disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide pandemic in 2020. In response, most countries world implemented lockdowns, restricting their population's movements, work, education, gatherings, and general activities attempt to “flatten curve” of COVID-19 cases. public health goal lockdowns was save population from cases deaths, prevent overwhelming care systems with patients. this narrative review I explain why changed my mind about supporting lockdowns. initial modeling predictions induced fear crowd-effects (i.e., groupthink). Over time, important information emerged relevant modeling, including lower infection fatality rate (median 0.23%), clarification high-risk groups (specifically, those 70 years age older), herd immunity thresholds (likely 20–40% immunity), difficult exit strategies. addition, on significant collateral damage due response pandemic, adversely affecting many millions people poverty, food insecurity, loneliness, unemployment, school closures, interrupted healthcare. Raw numbers deaths were interpret, may be tempered by placing number proper context perspective relative background rates. Considering information, a cost-benefit analysis finds that are far more harmful (at least 5–10 times so terms wellbeing years) than can be. Controversies objections main points made considered addressed. Progress depends considering trade-offs discussed here determine populations. close some suggestions for moving forward, focused protection truly at high risk, opening schools, building back better economy.

Language: Английский

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Social isolation and the brain in the pandemic era

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(10), P. 1333 - 1343

Published: Oct. 18, 2022

Language: Английский

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Are social isolation and loneliness associated with cognitive decline in ageing?

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Social isolation and loneliness are associated with poor health (immunity, inflammation, etc.) in ageing. The purpose of this scoping review was to investigate the link between social isolation, (as distinct constructs, contrast previous published work) cognition cognitively healthy older adults.We followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Our search, conducted January 2017 April 2021, yielded 2,673 articles, which, twelve longitudinal studies were finally identified as meeting inclusion criteria. Multiple cognitive functions (short-term episodic memory, attention, global functioning) measured.The results showed that both ageing, depression a possible mediator cognition. Some also suggested decline may be bidirectional.We conclude have different impact on While an important decline, lack stimulation greater health.

Language: Английский

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Stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and aggression

Metabolic Brain Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(8), P. 1613 - 1636

Published: July 31, 2024

Abstract This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and aggression. It provides a detailed overview of physiology functioning these axes, as well implications for aggressive behavior. The HPA responsible stress response, is activated in response to various stressors can influence Glucocorticoids, such cortisol, play crucial role stress-induced activation axis have been implicated tendencies. Chronic dysregulate leading alterations cortisol levels potentially contributing HPG particularly androgen hormone testosterone, also closely linked Animal human studies consistently shown positive association testosterone receptors brain’s neural circuitry critical modulating Interactions axes further contribute regulation Feedback mechanisms crosstalk provide complex system modulation both reproductive functions, which impact Additionally,the on androgens aggression, adds complexity this relationship. discusses future directions clinical interventions. Understanding neurobiological underlying aggression requires integrating molecular, cellular, circuit-level approaches. Translational perspectives, including animal models studies, bridge gap basic research applications. Finally, therapeutic strategies aggression-related disorders are explored, highlighting importance targeted interventions based understanding interactions axes. In conclusion, physiological with specific focus interplay By elucidating stress, hormones, behavior, paves way investigations potential disorders.

Language: Английский

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Multi-animal 3D social pose estimation, identification and behaviour embedding with a few-shot learning framework

Nature Machine Intelligence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 48 - 61

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Abstract The quantification of animal social behaviour is an essential step to reveal brain functions and psychiatric disorders during interaction phases. While deep learning-based approaches have enabled precise pose estimation, identification behavioural classification multi-animals, their application challenged by the lack well-annotated datasets. Here we show a computational framework, Social Behavior Atlas (SBeA) used overcome problem caused limited SBeA uses much smaller number labelled frames for multi-animal three-dimensional achieves label-free recognition successfully applies unsupervised dynamic learning classification. validated uncover previously overlooked phenotypes autism spectrum disorder knockout mice. Our results also demonstrate that can achieve high performance across various species using existing customized These findings highlight potential quantifying subtle behaviours in fields neuroscience ecology.

Language: Английский

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