Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) and its sublineages: What do we know so far amid the emergence of recombinant variants of SARS-CoV-2?

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 154, P. 113522 - 113522

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, numerous variants SARS-CoV-2 have been reported worldwide. The advent concern (VOCs) raises severe concerns amid serious containment efforts against that include physical measures, pharmacological repurposing, immunization, and genomic/community surveillance. Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has identified as a highly modified, contagious, crucial among five VOCs SARS-CoV-2. increased affinity spike protein (S-protein), host receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), due to higher number mutations in receptor-binding domain (RBD) S-protein proposed primary reason for decreased efficacy majorly available vaccines transmissible nature variant. Because its significant competitive advantage, sublineages swiftly surpassed other become dominant circulating lineages nations. prevalent strain United Kingdom South Africa. Furthermore, emergence recombinant through conjunction with or by mixing variant's sublineages/subvariants poses major threat humanity. This various issues hazards regarding sublineages, such an breakout susceptible populations fully vaccinated persons. As result, understanding features genetic implications this is crucial. Hence, we explained depth evolution analyzed repercussions on infectiousness, dissemination ability, viral entry mechanism, immune evasion. We also presented viewpoint feasible strategies precluding counteracting any future catastrophic spread omicron could result detrimental wave cases.

Language: Английский

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Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during resurgence driven by Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5 compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 127, P. 63 - 68

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

a b s t r c Objectives: We aimed to compare the clinical severity of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 infection with BA.1 and earlier variant infections among laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in Western Cape, South Africa, using timing infer lineage/variant causing infection.Methods: included public sector patients aged ≥20 years COVID-19 between May 01-May 21, 2022 (BA.4/BA.5 wave) equivalent previous wave periods.We compared risk waves (i) death (ii) severe hospitalization/death (all within 21 days diagnosis) Cox regression adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, admission pressure, vaccination, infection.Results: Among 3793 from 190,836 waves, was similar (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93; 1.34).Both had lower outcomes than waves.Previous (aHR 0.29, CI 0.24; 0.36) vaccination 0.17; 0.07; 0.40 at least three doses vs no vaccine) were protective.Conclusion: Disease diagnosed BA .4/BA.5 .1 periods context growing immunity against due both which strongly protective.

Language: Английский

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Geosocial Media’s Early Warning Capabilities Across US County-Level Political Clusters: Observational Study

JMIR Infodemiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5, P. e58539 - e58539

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) sparked significant health concerns worldwide, prompting policy makers and care experts to implement nonpharmaceutical public interventions, such as stay-at-home orders mask mandates, slow the spread of virus. While these interventions proved essential in controlling transmission, they also caused substantial economic societal costs should therefore be used strategically, particularly when activity is on rise. In this context, geosocial media posts (posts with an explicit georeference) have been shown provide a promising tool for anticipating moments potential crises. However, previous studies early warning capabilities data largely constrained by coarse spatial resolutions or short temporal scopes, limited understanding how local political beliefs may influence capabilities. Objective This study aimed assess epidemiological COVID-19 vary over time across US counties differing beliefs. Methods We classified into 3 clusters, democrat, republican, swing counties, based voting from last 6 federal election cycles. we analyzed consecutive waves (February 2020-April 2022). specifically examined lag between signals surges cases, measuring both number days which preceded cases (temporal lag) correlation their respective series. Results differed clusters waves. On average, 21 republican compared 14.6 democrat 24.2 counties. general, were preceding 5 out all clusters. observed decrease that Furthermore, decline signal strength impact trending topics presented challenges reliability signals. Conclusions provides valuable insights strengths limitations tool, highlighting can change county-level Thus, findings indicate future systems might benefit accounting addition, declining role need assessed research.

Language: Английский

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The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants: current situation and future trends

Infezioni in Medicina, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has been the most recent of concern (VOC) established by World Health Organization (WHO). Because its greater infectivity and immune evasion, this quickly became dominant type circulating worldwide. Our literature review thoroughly explains current state emergence, particularly comparing different omicron subvariants, including BA.2, BA.1, BA.3. Such elaboration would be based on structural variations, mutations, clinical manifestation, transmissibility, pathogenicity, vaccination effectiveness. notable difference between three subvariants is insufficiency deletion (Δ69-70) in spike protein, which results a lower detection rate (S) gene target known as failure (SGTF). Furthermore, BA.2 had stronger affinity to human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (hACE2) receptor than other sub-lineages. Regarding number BA.1.1 (40), followed BA.3, BA.3 with 39, 34, 31 respectively. In addition, have transmissibility sub-lineages (BA.1 BA.1.1). These characteristics are primarily responsible for Omicron's vast geographical spread high contagiousness rates,

Language: Английский

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The Course of COVID-19 and Long COVID: Identifying Risk Factors among Patients Suffering from the Disease before and during the Omicron-Dominant Period

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 267 - 267

Published: March 20, 2024

SARS-CoV-2 has acquired many mutations that influence the severity of COVID-19's course or risk developing long COVID. In 2022, dominant variant was Omicron. This study aimed to compare COVID-19 in periods before and during dominance Omicron variant. Risk factors for COVID were also assessed. based on stationary visits patients after follow-up assessments 3 months. Clinical symptoms, comorbidities, vaccination status evaluated 1967 patients. Of analyzed group, 1308 (66.5%) affected by period dominance. The prevalence significantly lower among group (47.7% vs. 66.9%,

Language: Английский

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Epidemic efficacy of Covid-19 vaccination against Omicron: An innovative approach using enhanced residual recurrent neural network

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. e0280026 - e0280026

Published: March 24, 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 has engulfed the entire world since end 2019, causing tremendous loss lives. It also taken a toll on healthcare sector due to inability accurately predict spread disease as arrangements for essential supply medical items largely depend prior predictions. objective study is train reliable model predicting Coronavirus. prediction capabilities various powerful models such Autoregression Model (AR), Global (GAR), Stacked-LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average), Facebook Prophet (FBProphet), and Residual Recurrent Neural Network (Res-RNN) were into consideration using historical data daily confirmed cases along with Twitter data. results attained from these not up mark. To enhance results, novel proposed that utilizes power Res-RNN some modifications. Gated Unit (GRU) LSTM units are introduced in handle long-term dependencies. Networks being data-hungry, merged layer was added before linear combine tweet volume additional features reach augmentation. residual links used overfitting problem. RNN Convolutional (RNNCON-Res) showcases dominating capability country-level 20 days ahead respect existing State-Of-The-Art (SOTA) methods. Sufficient experimentation performed analyze different models. found RNNCON-Res achieved 91% accuracy, which better than all other

Language: Английский

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Identification of antiviral peptide inhibitors for receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 omicron and its sub-variants: an in-silico approach

3 Biotech, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(9)

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Coating of surgical masks with quaternized chitosan aiming at inactivating coronavirus and antibacterial activity

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 100315 - 100315

Published: April 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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Synthesis and characterization of n-phosphonium chitosan and its virucidal activity evaluation against coronavirus

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 246, P. 125665 - 125665

Published: July 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant and strategies for tackling the infection

Immunity Inflammation and Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(12)

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Nowadays, emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, the novel highly mutated VOC, has quickly spread as dominant variant in over 190 countries worldwide through first part of 2022, which is influencing infectivity, transmissibility, pathogenicity, and severity COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, clinical cases experimental studies have reported that Omicron likely leads to weakened immune protection elicited by infection, antibody therapies, vaccines. The new wave, from late February, was escalated abruptly higher levels transmission BA.2 sublineage China. Following a systematic database search, this review summarizes salient features sublineages, their impact on disease well efficacy available vaccines treatment against Omicron. We hope study will provide scientific reference for alleviating burden COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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