Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
129(19)
Published: Sept. 30, 2024
Abstract
The
environmental
effects
of
airborne
micro‐
and
nano‐size
plastic
particles
are
poorly
understood.
Microscopy
chemical
analyses
atmospherically
deposited
on
snow
surfaces
at
high
elevation
(2,865–3,690
m)
in
the
Upper
Colorado
River
basin
(UCRB;
Rocky
Mountains)
revealed
presence
black
substances
intimately
associated
with
microplastic
fibers,
interpreted
to
have
originated
as
tire
matter.
Identical
similar
occur
shredded
tires
road‐surface
samples.
substance
responsible
for
color
all
is
carbon
black,
a
graphitic
light‐absorbing
additive
produced
by
hydrocarbon
combustion
that
homogeneously
permeates
mixture
polymers
other
additives.
Such
matter
may
thus
exert
radiative
closely
those
carbon.
many
organic
compound
types
common
tires,
measured
two‐dimensional
gas
chromatography,
suggests
road‐tire‐wear
among
particulates
advance
onset
rate
melt
UCRB.
mass
shed
from
vehicles
be
estimated
multiplying
amounts
eroded
tire‐per‐distance
traveled
vehicular
distances.
Under
combination
measurements
assumptions
about
properties
atmospheric
tire‐wear
particles,
these
might
add
10%–30%
carbon,
an
estimate
ripe
revision.
On
regional
global
scales,
emitted
likely
vary
factors
geographic
source,
transport
pathway,
depositional
setting.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
913, P. 169633 - 169633
Published: Dec. 28, 2023
Tire
and
road
wear
particles
(TRWP)
are
formed
at
the
frictional
interface
between
tires
surface.
tread
pavement
materials
denser
than
water
but
can
be
washed
from
surface
into
receiving
bodies,
ultimately
depositing
sediment,
soil,
or
other
media
depending
on
environment.
However,
paucity
of
mass-based
measurements
has
limited
knowledge
nature
extent
environmental
concentrations
necessary
for
risk
assessment
TRWP.
Surface
sediment
samples
were
collected
Seine
River,
France
to
characterize
TRWP
concentration.
Sample
locations
established
upstream,
within,
downstream
a
major
metropolitan
area
(Paris);
smaller
urban
areas;
adjacent
undeveloped
land;
near
confluence
estuary.
left
right
banks
each
eight
locations,
including
two
duplicates,
total
18
samples.
Additionally,
three
traps
deployed
mouth
river
quantify
flux
sediment.
Retained
solids
analyzed
using
modified
pyrolysis
gas
chromatography/mass
spectrometry
(Py-GC/MS)
method
that
minimized
matrix
interferences
in
thus
improving
current
ISO
Technical
Specification
ISO/TS
21396
:
2017
mass
concentration
by
Py-GC/MS.
was
alternatively
estimated
separating
<1.9
g
cm
Tire
wear
particles
(TWPs)
containing
tire
chemicals
(TWCs)
are
of
global
concern
due
to
their
large
emissions
and
potential
toxicity.
However,
TWP
contributions
urban
fine
poorly
understood.
Here,
72
paired
gas-phase
PM
The
complex,
varied
composition
(i.e.,
rubbers/elastomers,
carbon
black,
fillers,
additives,
and
embedded
road
materials)
wide
density
range
of
tire
wear
particles
(TRWPs)
present
challenges
for
their
isolation
identification
from
environmental
matrices.
Reliable
quantification
is
important
understanding
the
fate
potential
adverse
effects
TRWPs.
To
address
monitoring
needs,
work
adapts
a
series
steps
methods
commonly
applied
microplastic
analysis
single-particle-level
enumeration
TRWPs
samples.
We
method
performance
two-stage
separation
with
saturated
NaCl
sodium
polytungstate
to
isolate
sediment
matrices,
compatibility
microrubber
reagents
used
digestion
use
elasticity
heat
resistance
observations
differentiate
bitumen
particulates,
which
are
visual
interference.
found
that
alkaline
digestions
(NaOH
KOH)
compatible
microrubbers,
but
hydrogen
peroxide
hypochlorite
can
cause
lose
flatten
or
break
when
probed.
adapted
were
dust
samples,
subset
identified
was
qualitatively
confirmed
by
both
scanning
electron
microscopy
pyrolysis-gas
chromatography-mass
spectrometry.
Further,
compilation
aspect
ratio
measurements
between
63
500
μm
(N
=
780)
isolated
urban
sediments
shows
diversity
TRWP
shapes
in
environment.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
182, P. 108282 - 108282
Published: Oct. 31, 2023
Inland
lakes
play
an
important
role
as
habitats
for
local
species
and
are
often
essential
drinking
water
reservoirs.
However,
there
is
limited
information
about
the
presence
of
microplastics
(MPs)
in
these
bodies.
Thirteen
sediment
samples
were
collected
across
a
Danish
urban
lake
to
map
MPs,
including
tyre
wear
particles
(TWP).
The
lower
size
detection
limit
was
10
µm.
MPs
quantified
counts,
size,
polymer
type
by
Fourier-transform
infrared
microspectroscopy
(µFTIR)
mass
estimated
from
2D
projections
MPs.
As
TWP
cannot
be
determined
µFTIR,
counts
sizes
could
not
this
technique.
Instead,
pyrolysis
gas
chromatography
spectrometry
(Py-GC/MS).
average
MP
abundance
279
mg
kg-1
(µFTIR),
which
19
(Py-GC/MS)
TWP.
For
other
than
wear,
count
concentration
11,312
kg-1.
Urban
runoff
combined
sewer
overflows
separate
stormwater
outlets
with
outflow
wastewater
treatment
plant
potential
point
sources.
spatial
variation
substantial,
concentrations
varying
several
orders
magnitude.
There
no
pattern
lake,
distribution
high
low
values
seemed
random.
This
indicates
that
large
sampling
campaigns
encompassing
entire
key
accurate
quantification.
No
preferential
trend
characteristics
identified.
TWP,
buoyant
non-buoyant
polymers
showed
significant
difference
suggesting
same
processes
brought
them
sediment,
regardless
their
density.
Moreover,
correlated
properties,
further
indicating
random
occurrence
sediments.
These
findings
shed
light
on
inland
improving
basis
making
mitigation
decisions.
