Exposure to 6-PPD Quinone at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Causes Abnormal Locomotion Behaviors and Neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(12), P. 4940 - 4950

Published: March 13, 2023

6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) can be transformed from through ozonation. Nevertheless, the potential neurotoxicity of 6-PPDQ after long-term exposure and underlying mechanism are largely unclear. In Caenorhabditis elegans, we here observed that 0.1–10 μg/L caused several forms abnormal locomotion behaviors. Meanwhile, neurodegeneration D-type motor neurons was in 10 6-PPDQ-exposed nematodes. The associated with activation Ca2+ channel DEG-3-mediated signaling cascade. this cascade, expressions deg-3, unc-68, itr-1, crt-1, clp-1, tra-3 were increased by 6-PPDQ. Moreover, among genes encoding neuronal signals required for control stress response, jnk-1 dbl-1 decreased 6-PPDQ, daf-7 glb-10 RNAi jnk-1, dbl-1, daf-7, resulted susceptibility to toxicity decreasing locomotory ability inducing neurodegeneration, suggesting JNK-1, DBL-1, DAF-7, GLB-10 also induction neurotoxicity. Molecular docking analysis further demonstrated binding DEG-3, GLB-10. Together, our data suggested risk at environmentally relevant concentrations causing organisms.

Language: Английский

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Screening p-Phenylenediamine Antioxidants, Their Transformation Products, and Industrial Chemical Additives in Crumb Rubber and Elastomeric Consumer Products

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(7), P. 2779 - 2791

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Recently, roadway releases of

Language: Английский

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Environmental Occurrence and Toxicity of 6PPD Quinone, an Emerging Tire Rubber-Derived Chemical: A Review

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. 815 - 823

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is a chemical added to tires prevent their oxidative degradation. 6PPD highly reactive with ozone and oxygen, leading the formation of transformation products such as quinone (6PPDQ) on tire surfaces and, subsequently, in road wear particles. 6PPDQ toxicant that has been found roadway runoff receiving water systems. Its presence municipal stormwater led acute mortality coho salmon during migration urban creeks reproduce, generating global interest studying its occurrence toxicity environment. This review aims provide critical overview current state knowledge 6PPDQ, assisting researchers policymakers understanding potential impacts this emerging environment human health. As there are many unanswered questions surrounding further research needed. highlights importance including regulations for 6PPD, well all synthetic chemicals concern.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced Formation of 6PPD-Q during the Aging of Tire Wear Particles in Anaerobic Flooded Soils: The Role of Iron Reduction and Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(14), P. 5978 - 5987

Published: March 30, 2023

Rapid urbanization drives increased emission of tire wear particles (TWPs) and the contamination a transformation product derived from antioxidant, termed as

Language: Английский

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Urine Excretion, Organ Distribution, and Placental Transfer of 6PPD and 6PPD-Quinone in Mice and Potential Developmental Toxicity through Nuclear Receptor Pathways

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(36), P. 13429 - 13438

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

The rubber antioxidant 6PPD has gained significant attention due to its highly toxic transformation product, 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ). Despite their detection in urines of pregnant women, the placental transfer and developmental toxicity 6PPDQ are unknown. Here, we treated C57Bl/6 mice with 4 mg/kg or investigate urine excretion transfer. Female male exhibited sex difference profiles 6PPDQ. Urine concentrations were one order magnitude lower than those 6PPD, suggesting higher bioaccumulation In from embryonic day 11.5 15.5, showed ∼1.5–8 times placenta, embryo body, brain, Using vitro dual-luciferase reporter assays, revealed that activated human retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) retinoid X (RXRα) at as low 0.3 μM, which was ∼10-fold detected urines. RXRα 1.2 μM. These results demonstrate exposure risks during pregnancy emphasize need for further toxicological epidemiological investigations.

Language: Английский

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Uptake and Biotransformation of the Tire Rubber-derived Contaminants 6-PPD and 6-PPD Quinone in the Zebrafish Embryo (Danio rerio)

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(41), P. 15598 - 15607

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6-PPD) is a widely used antioxidant in tire rubber known to enter the aquatic environment via road runoff. The associated transformation product (TP) 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) causes extreme acute toxicity some fish species (e.g., coho salmon). To interpret species-specific toxicity, information about biotransformation products of 6-PPDQ would be relevant. This study investigated toxicokinetics and zebrafish embryo (ZFE) model. Over 96 h exposure, accumulated ZFE with concentration factors ranging from 140 2500 for 70 220 6-PPDQ. A total 22 TPs 12 were tentatively identified using liquid chromatography coupled high-resolution mass spectrometry. After exposure 6-PPD, comprised 47% peak area (TPA), 4-hydroxydiphenylamine being most prominent ZFE. Upon >95% taken up was biotransformed, + O glucuronide dominating (>80% TPA). Among other reactive N-phenyl-p-benzoquinone imine found. knowledge this may support studies organisms.

Language: Английский

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Amino antioxidants: A review of their environmental behavior, human exposure, and aquatic toxicity

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 317, P. 137913 - 137913

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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First insights into 6PPD-quinone formation from 6PPD photodegradation in water environment

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 459, P. 132127 - 132127

Published: July 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Occurrence and Fate of Substituted p-Phenylenediamine-Derived Quinones in Hong Kong Wastewater Treatment Plants

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(41), P. 15635 - 15643

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

-Phenylenediamine quinones (PPD-Qs) are a newly discovered class of transformation products derived from

Language: Английский

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Synthetic Antioxidants as Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Indoor Environments: Knowns and Unknowns

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(51), P. 21550 - 21557

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

Synthetic antioxidants, including synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs), amine (AAs), and organophosphite (OPAs), are essential additives for preventing oxidative aging in various industrial consumer products. Increasing attention has been paid to the environmental contamination caused by these chemicals, but our understanding of is generally limited compared other emerging contaminants such as plasticizers flame retardants. Many people spend a significant portion (normally greater than 80%) their time indoors, meaning that they experience widespread persistent exposure indoor contaminants. Thus, this Perspective focuses on problem The wide application commercial products demonstrated toxicity make them an important family concern. However, knowledge gaps still need be bridged: novel related transformation identified environments, different dust sampling strategies should employed evaluate human contaminants, geographic scope research broadened, partition coefficients among media investigated.

Language: Английский

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