Occurrence of p-phenylenediamine antioxidants in human urine

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 914, P. 170045 - 170045

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Environmental profiles, hazard identification, and toxicological hallmarks of emerging tire rubber-related contaminants 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 108677 - 108677

Published: April 21, 2024

N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is commonly used in rubber compounds as antioxidants to protect against degradation from heat, oxygen, and ozone exposure. This practice extends the lifespan of products, including tires, by preventing cracking, aging, deterioration. However, environmental consequences waste generated during product use, particularly formation 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) through reaction 6PPD with ozone, have raised significant concerns due their detrimental effects on ecosystems. Extensive research has revealed widespread occurrence its derivate 6PPD-Q various compartments, air, water, soil. The emerging substance been shown pose acute mortality long-term hazards aquatic terrestrial organisms at concentrations below environmentally relevant levels. Studies demonstrated toxic a range organisms, zebrafish, nematodes, mammals. These include neurobehavioral changes, reproductive dysfunction, digestive damage exposure pathways. Mechanistic insights suggest that mitochondrial stress, DNA adduct formation, disruption lipid metabolism contribute toxicity induced 6PPD-Q. Recent findings human samples, such blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, underscore importance further public health toxicological implications these compounds. distribution, fate, biological effects, underlying mechanisms environment highlight urgent need for additional understand address impacts

Language: Английский

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Chronic exposure to tire rubber-derived contaminant 6PPD-quinone impairs sperm quality and induces the damage of reproductive capacity in male mice

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 470, P. 134165 - 134165

Published: March 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Environmentally realistic dose of tire-derived metabolite 6PPD-Q exposure causes intestinal jejunum and ileum damage in mice via cannabinoid receptor-activated inflammation

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 918, P. 170679 - 170679

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exposure to 6-PPD quinone causes damage on mitochondrial complex I/II associated with lifespan reduction in Caenorhabditis elegans

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 472, P. 134598 - 134598

Published: May 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Occurrence of Multiple Classes of Emerging Synthetic Antioxidants, Including p-Phenylenediamines, Diphenylamines, Naphthylamines, Macromolecular Hindered Phenols, and Organophosphites, in Human Milk: Implications for Infant Exposure

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 259 - 265

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

Synthetic antioxidants (AOs) have received increasing attention in recent years due to their environmental ubiquity. However, lactational exposure these emerging contaminants of current concern remains unknown. In this study, 21 amine antioxidants, 18 macromolecular hindered phenol 3 organophosphite and 2 p-phenylenediamine-derived quinones (PPD-Qs) were integrated into a dedicated screening human milk from South China. Among all 42 target AOs, 19 detected, but no PPD-Qs detected any the samples. Eight including N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), frequently more than half The summed concentrations detectable AOs ranged 133 7,560 pg/mL, with median 713 pg/mL. Significant correlations observed among antioxidants. preliminary risk assessment revealed that under high scenario, overall daily intake identified through breastfeeding might pose non-negligible health newborns. This study is first attempt comprehensively identify wide range prevalent milk. findings call for urgent infant widely used less well evaluated chemicals possible increased accumulative future.

Language: Английский

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Potential human health risk of the emerging environmental contaminant 6-PPD quinone

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 949, P. 175057 - 175057

Published: July 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Tissue Accumulation and Biotransformation of 6PPD-Quinone in Adult Zebrafish and Its Effects on the Intestinal Microbial Community

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(23), P. 10275 - 10286

Published: June 3, 2024

The pronounced lethality of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone (6PPD-quinone or 6PPDQ) toward specific salmonids, while sparing other fish species, has received considerable attention. However, the underlying cause this species-specific toxicity remains unresolved. This study explored 6PPDQ toxicokinetics and intestinal microbiota composition in adult zebrafish during a 14-day exposure to environmentally realistic concentrations, followed by 7-day recovery phase. Predominant accumulation occurred brain, intestine, eyes, with lowest levels liver. Six metabolites were found undergo hydroxylation, two additionally undergoing O-sulfonation. Semiquantitative analyses revealed that predominant metabolite featured hydroxy group situated on phenyl ring adjacent quinone. was further validated assessing enzyme activity determining silico binding interactions. Notably, affinity between phase I II enzymes exceeded corresponding coho salmon 1.04–1.53 times, suggesting higher potential for detoxification tolerant species. Whole-genome sequencing significant increases genera Nocardioides Rhodococcus after 6PPDQ. Functional annotation pathway enrichment predicted these would be responsible biodegradation metabolism xenobiotics. These findings offer crucial data comprehending 6PPDQ-induced toxicity.

Language: Английский

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Prediction of p-phenylenediamine antioxidant concentrations in human urine using machine learning models

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 487, P. 137184 - 137184

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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6PPD-quinone exposure induces neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction to exacerbate Lewy neurites formation induced by α-synuclein preformed fibrils seeding

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 465, P. 133312 - 133312

Published: Dec. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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