Population scale whole genome sequencing provides novel insights into cardiometabolic health DOI Creative Commons
Yajie Zhao, Sam Lockhart, Jiang Liu

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 27, 2024

Abstract In addition to its coverage of the non-coding genome, whole genome sequencing (WGS) may better capture coding than exome sequencing. We sought exploit this and identify novel rare, protein-coding variants associated with metabolic health in newly released WGS data (N=708,956) from UK Biobank All Us studies. Identified genes highlight biological mechanisms, including protein truncating (PTVs) DNA double-strand break repair gene RIF1 that have a substantial effect on body mass index (BMI, 2.66 kg/m 2 , s.e. 0.43, P = 3.7×10 -10 ). UBR3 is an intriguing example where PTVs independently increase BMI type diabetes (T2D) risk. Furthermore, IRS2 T2D (OR 6.4 [3.7-11.3], 9.9×10 -14 34% case prevalence among carriers) were unexpectedly also chronic kidney disease independent status, suggesting important role for IRS-2 maintaining renal health. identified genetic evidence functional heterogeneity IRS1 greater IRS-1 mediating growth promoting effects insulin IGF-I, while has impact glucose homeostasis likely through actions pancreatic islet target tissues. Our study demonstrates large-scale provides mechanistic insights into human phenotypes improved sequences.

Language: Английский

Sex- and Gender-Related Differences in Obesity: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Clinical Implications DOI Open Access

Andrijana Koceva,

Rok Herman, Andrej Janež

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 7342 - 7342

Published: July 4, 2024

Obesity, primarily characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a multifactorial chronic disease with an increasing global prevalence. Despite the well-documented epidemiology and significant advances in understanding its pathophysiology clinical implications, impact of sex typically overlooked obesity research. Worldwide, women have higher likelihood to become obese compared men. Although are offered weight loss interventions more often at earlier stages than men, they vulnerable psychopathology. Men, on other hand, less likely pursue intervention susceptible metabolic implications obesity. In this narrative review, we comprehensively explored sex- gender-specific differences development obesity, focusing variety biological variables, such as body composition, distribution energy partitioning, steroid hormones gut microbiota diversity, chromosomal genetic behavioural sociocultural variables influencing men women. Sex obesity-related comorbidities varying effectiveness different also extensively discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Blood Lipids in People with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials DOI Creative Commons
Zhuying Chen,

Runyu Zhou,

Xiaojie Liu

et al.

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 166 - 166

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) on triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density (LDL) levels in people with overweight or obesity. Searches were performed PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web Science, covering data up 27 October 2023. A meta-analysis was conducted determine standardized mean difference (SMD) 95% confidence interval. Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria. AE significantly improved blood lipids obesity (TG: SMD = −0.54; p < 0.00001; TC: −0.24; 0.003; HDL: 0.33; LDL: −0.42; 0.0005). Both moderate-intensity vigorous-intensity demonstrated significant impacts reducing TC, TG, LDL, whereas only elevated HDL. Additionally, optimized those overweight, TG being parameter showing improvement individuals Moreover, continuous notably HDL while interval reduced LDL. Lastly, a clear positive correlation emerged between duration intervention decrease distinct negative observed session reduction

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Global, regional, and national burden of early-onset gastric cancer DOI Creative Commons
Nuopei Tan,

Hongliang Wu,

Maomao Cao

et al.

Cancer Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

The burden of gastric cancer (GC) across different age groups needs updating. We determined the GC global, regional, and national profiles changes in incidence for 3 sequential 5-year intervals from 2003 to 2017.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk DOI Creative Commons
Kenneth Maiese

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Life expectancy is increasing throughout the world and coincides with a rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially for metabolic disease that includes diabetes mellitus (DM) neurodegenerative disorders. The debilitating effects of disorders influence entire body significantly affect nervous system impacting greater than one billion people disability peripheral as well cognitive loss, now seventh leading cause death worldwide. Metabolic disorders, such DM, neurologic remain significant challenge treatment care individuals since present therapies may limit symptoms but do not halt overall progression. These clinical challenges to address interplay between warrant innovative strategies can focus upon underlying mechanisms aging-related oxidative stress, cell senescence, death. Programmed pathways involve autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis play critical role oversee processes include insulin resistance, β-cell function, mitochondrial integrity, reactive oxygen species release, inflammatory activation. silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Addressing the global obesity burden: a gender-responsive approach to changing food environments is needed DOI
Briar McKenzie, Ana‐Catarina Pinho‐Gomes, Mark Woodward

et al.

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Obesity is a leading cause of death and disability globally. There higher proportion women living with obesity than men, differences in prevalence rates between men particularly staggering low- middle-income countries. The food environments that most people live have been defined as ‘obesogenic’, characterised by easy access to energy dense, highly palatable foods poor nutritional value. an established need intervene change prevent obesity. However, minimal successes are evident no country set meet the WHO goal reducing 2010 numbers 2025. In this review, we provide narrative around sex (biological)- gender (sociocultural)-related considerations for relationship nutrition, interactions environment risk. We argument there gendered responses place at risk relation industry influences, due roles responsibilities paid unpaid labour, specific security threats. This review concludes hypotheses addressing burden gender-responsive manner, call equity be key component development, implementation monitoring prevention focused policies going forward.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
The global burden of disease attributable to high body mass index in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021 with projections to 2050: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 DOI
Zeng‐Hong Wu,

Fangnan Xia,

Weijun Wang

et al.

European Journal of Heart Failure, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Obesity and cardiometabolic disease: Insights from genetic studies DOI Creative Commons
Satya Dash

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Interplay of Genetic Predisposition, Circadian Misalignment, and Metabolic Regulation in Obesity DOI Creative Commons
Sajal Kumar Halder, Girish C. Melkani

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Purpose of Review This review explores the complex interplay between genetic predispositions to obesity, circadian rhythms, metabolic regulation, and sleep. It highlights how factors underlying obesity exacerbate dysfunction through misalignment examines promising interventions mitigate these effects. Recent Findings Genome-wide association Studies (GWAS) have identified numerous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with traits, attributing 40–75% heritability body mass index (BMI). These findings illuminate critical links clocks, processes. SNPs in clock-related genes influence pathways, disruptions rhythms—driven by poor sleep hygiene or erratic eating patterns—amplifying dysfunction. Circadian synchronized 24-h light–dark cycle, regulate key activities, including glucose metabolism, lipid storage, energy utilization. Genetic mutations external disruptions, such as irregular habits, can destabilize promoting weight gain disorders. Summary individuals disrupts release hormones, leptin insulin, impairing hunger regulation fat storage. Interventions like time-restricted feeding (TRF) structured physical activity offer strategies restore harmony, improve health, obesity-related risks.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Global Trends and Cross‐Country Inequalities in Stroke and Subtypes Attributable to High Body Mass Index From 1990 to 2021 DOI Creative Commons
Yuhang Zhu, Wanguo Liu, Kangding Liu

et al.

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Background Stroke is a major global cause of death and disability, with high body mass index (HBMI) as key modifiable risk factor. Understanding HBMI‐attributable stroke burden crucial for effective prevention. Methods Results Using Global Burden Disease 2021 data, we analyzed disability‐adjusted life years mortality from its subtypes (ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage) attributable to HBMI at global, regional, national levels 1990 2021. We conducted decomposition, frontier, inequality, predictive analyses assess epidemiological trends future projections up 2035. Despite country‐specific variations in mortality, the has increased Frontier analysis indicated that countries higher sociodemographic were expected own lower age‐standardized rates HBMI. Decomposition revealed population growth aging primary contributors rise. Significant cross‐country disparities remained, although inequality showed decline SDI‐related differences over time. The projected annual rise 2035 suggested ongoing significant challenges control management coming decades. Conclusion health challenge posed by increasing remains significant, especially low‐ middle‐sociodemographic regions. Targeted lifestyle modifications policy interventions are reducing mitigating burden, warranting special attention policymakers high‐burden

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Canine genome-wide association study identifies DENND1B as an obesity gene in dogs and humans DOI
Natalie Wallis, Alyce McClellan, Alexander Mörseburg

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Obesity is a heritable disease, but its genetic basis incompletely understood. Canine population history facilitates trait mapping. We performed canine genome-wide association study for body condition score, measure of obesity, in 241 Labrador retrievers. Using cross-species approach, we showed obesity genes are also associated with rare and common forms humans. The lead was within the gene DENN domain containing 1B (DENND1B). Each copy alternate allele ~7% greater fat. demonstrate role this regulating signaling trafficking melanocortin 4 receptor, critical controller energy homeostasis. Thus, genetics identified mechanisms relevant to both dogs

Language: Английский

Citations

0