Diversification and extinction of Hemiptera in deep time

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Untangling the patterns and drivers behind diversification extinction of highly diversified lineages remains a challenge in evolutionary biology. While insect has been widely studied through "Big Four" orders (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera Diptera), fifth most diverse order, Hemiptera, often overlooked. Hemiptera exhibit rich fossil record are present-day ecosystems, with many closely associated to their host plants, making them crucial group for studying how past ecological shifts-such as mass extinctions floral turnovers-have influenced diversification. This study leverages birth-death models Bayesian framework estimate diversity dynamics. Our results reveal that global changes flora over time significantly shaped trajectories Hemiptera. Two major faunal turnovers particularly diversification: (i) aftermath Permo-Triassic (ii) Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution. analyses suggest clades was driven by floristic shifts combined competitive pressures from overlapping niches. Leveraging extensive allowed us refine our understanding across hemipteran lineages.

Language: Английский

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Why cave planthoppers study matters: are Cixiidae a subtroglophile lineage? (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha)

Subterranean Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48, P. 147 - 170

Published: March 11, 2024

Planthoppers are an interesting and contrasting model among insects for studying the subterranean environments. Their morphological ethological adaptations to underground conditions (complete darkness, lower temperatures, high hygrometry, stability of environmental constants, rarefied food sources, etc.), their worldwide distribution in both temperate tropical areas make them invertebrates. In this review, we highlight why cave planthoppers study matters, with particular emphasis on Cixiidae. The two hypotheses proposed, ‘climatic relict hypothesis’ ‘adaptive shift’, not sufficient enough clearly understand explain drivers cavernicoly. Phylogenetic analyses approaches might help better document increase our knowledge such peculiar singularity pattern adaptation cavernicoly raises also questions investigate suggest scenarios explore further, particularly should Cixiidae be defined as a subtroglophile lineage?

Language: Английский

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Disparity of metatibial and metatarsal cuticular and sensory structures in Cixiidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) with a metatibiotarsal diagnosis for the tribes

Zoological Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Abstract A review of the cuticular and sensory metatibial metatarsal structures in cixiid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) is proposed, depicting both their strong disparity great diversity patterns observed. Terminology definitions for these are provided. The so-called lateral teeth metatibia fact particular styloconic structures, called spiniform sensilla Cixiidae. apical metatibiotarsal non-sensory expansions, often bearing one or several chaetic ventrally, generally distributed an internal external group three each, some instances separated by a diastema; innermost outermost larger. On first tarsomere seven to eight occur row, although two rows observed Brixidiini. conformations second metatarsomere. specific subdorsal sensillum, platellar type, may be present metatarsomere few taxa. It metatarsomere, either as narrow-based acutellar sensillum broad-based according taxon. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses 54 species cixiids from all described tribes family, supplemented data literature, used provide diagnosis each In state our knowledge sufficiently precise observations Cixiidae which available, phylogeny frame reference interpretations, we note that probably result multiple independent convergences evolutionary regressions. These occurred at levels classification. Although can useful identification taxa low taxonomic level, they would less phylogenetic approaches.

Language: Английский

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External morphology and ultrastructure of the compound eyes of Ricania speculum (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Ricaniidae)

Zoologischer Anzeiger, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Phylogeny of the planthopper genus Megamelus (Hemiptera, Delphacidae), with the description of two new species from South America

ZooKeys, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1224, P. 29 - 54

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Megamelus is a genus of Delphacidae widely distributed and mostly associated with plants in freshwater environments. Despite various taxonomic revisions thorough research, the delimitation genus, its diversity, evolutionary history need to be further explored. Moreover, features originally considered distinctive exhibit variation should reassessed. Here, South America was examined, describing two new species, Megamelusdelticus Remes Lenicov & Mariani, sp. nov. Megamelusserpentinus Mariani Lenicov, nov., providing information on their host geographical distribution. The distribution range knowledge Megamelusiphigeniae Megamelustimehri are also expanded, male brachypter M.timehri described for first time, key distinguish based female genitalia external morphology, provided. phylogenetic analysis presented, mitochondrial COI gene clarify interspecific relationships among members. Our combined findings support monophyly refine diagnostic features, including importance pygofer's lobed appearance. This comprehensive revision highlights multidisciplinary approaches fully understand interactions

Language: Английский

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Colonization patterns of epi- and endogenous habitats suggest extrinsic and intrinsic drivers to cavernicoly on Réunion island by Cixiidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha)

Evolutionary Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Reclassification of the Planthopper Genus Melanoliarus Fennah, 1945 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae), primarily North of Mexico, with Notes on American Pentastirini

Zootaxa, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5619(1), P. 1 - 87

Published: April 6, 2025

The genus Melanoliarus Fennah is an amalgam of 79 the approximately 100 species American Pentastirini. Here we review with emphasis on occurring north Mexico. Twelve new genera and two subgenera are described based genitalic external morphological characters resulting in 52 nomenclatural combinations, segregated from Melanoliarus: Amiarus gen. nov., (Umbrarus) subgen. Antilliarus Bifoliarus Cilidius Galapagoliarus Lapsium (Amplectiarus) Oliaridellus Oliaridus Remotiarus Sonorium Vitroliarus Xenoliarus nov. Two transferred Cyclopoliarus to females considered incertae sedis Cixius testaceus Walker treated as a junior synonym vicarius Walker. A lectotype designated for Oliarus cinereus. Cicada villosa Fabricius Pentastiridius Kirschbaum. has been redefined include six that mostly endemic Antillean region. key provided With these changes, 101 Pentastirini reported Americas 20 genera.

Language: Английский

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Phylogeny and classification of Cixiidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha): A new evolutionary scenario for the most diverse planthopper family

Systematic Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Abstract The Cixiidae represent the most diverse family within Hemiptera Fulgoromorpha, accounting for nearly 20% of described species. A molecular phylogenetic analysis 147 taxa reveals a new evolutionary scenario family, identifying four major lineages: borystheninian (restricted to Borysthenini), oecleinian and pentastirinian, grouped in one clade, sister cixiinian one. In lineage, Oecleini are paraphyletic, including Bothriocerini. Three groups identified pentastirinian lineage: Hyalesthes + , Pentastiridius Oliarus clades. Within as traditionally recognised, Cixiini tribe is polyphyletic, involving basally separated Achaemenes newly Chidaeini trib. nov ., ‘true Cixiini’ which itself remains Semonini. Andini appears Brixiini, position Gelastocephalini yet be confirmed. Despite its significance, sampling incomplete, hindering, our opinion, formal taxonomic recognition these lineages with ranks classification Cixiidae. Fossil‐calibrated tree indicates that originated Lower Jurassic, approximately 181 million years ago. main diverged during Jurassic some 12 only, 155 All currently recognised tribes clades revealed this study were present early mid‐Cretaceous, around 100 ago; however, Bennini clade emerged later, 75

Language: Английский

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A century of Achilixiidae Muir, 1923 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha): taxonomic study of the genus Bebaiotes Muir, 1924 and description of eight new species from Brazil

Zootaxa, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5413(1), P. 1 - 65

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

We describe the first species of Achilixiidae from Brazil with representatives Bebaiotes. Eight new Bebaiotes Muir, 1924 were described viz. amazonica sp. nov. (Amazonas, Par, Rondnia and Roraima); bia (Acre); dichromata (Amazonas); macroptera (Amazonas Amap parallela pennyi Maranho); tigrina wilsoni (Amazonas). In addition, four revised, their distribution expanded: banksi (Metcalf, 1938) (BrazilAmazonas Par Panam dorsivittata Fennah, 1947 (BrazilAmap, Amazonas, Roraima; Ecuador; Peru; guianesus (Fennah, 1947) (BrazilAmazonas; Guiana); pulla 1934 (BrazilAcre Amazonas; Ecuador). Additionally, an identification key to males females is provided.

Language: Английский

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Number of seminal follicles and ovarioles in Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha): Variability and evolutionary trends

European Journal of Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121, P. 109 - 123

Published: March 26, 2024

In this paper data on the number of follicles in testes and ovarioles ovaries planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) are summarised discussed. Fulgoromorpha include about 14,000 described species belonging to 21 families distributed throughout world. The is known for 186 species, 123 genera 17 families, 52 44 11 families. Almost 80% studied belong Dictyophar­idae, Delphacidae, Issidae, Cixiidae Achilidae. per testis ovary varies within similar ranges, from 2 30 3 just over 30, respectively. predominant 6, which found more than one third almost all studied. This considered as an ancestral trait Fulgoromorpha. each family, can vary both upwards or downwards, probably due either polymerization oligomerization. basal a decreasing trend clearly predominates, whereas increasing predominates advanced As numbers ovarioles, they tend with rare exceptions (e.g., Dictyopharidae), but that lack data.

Language: Английский

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