Molecular Biomedicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
3(1)
Published: Dec. 8, 2022
Vaccines
are
one
of
the
most
effective
medical
interventions
to
combat
newly
emerging
and
re-emerging
diseases.
Prophylactic
vaccines
against
rabies,
measles,
etc.,
have
excellent
effectiveness
in
preventing
viral
infection
associated
However,
host
immune
response
is
unable
inhibit
virus
replication
or
eradicate
established
diseases
infected
people.
Therapeutic
vaccines,
expressing
specific
endogenous
exogenous
antigens,
mainly
induce
boost
cell-mediated
immunity
via
provoking
cytotoxic
T
cells
elicit
humoral
activating
B
produce
antibodies.
The
ultimate
aim
a
therapeutic
vaccine
reshape
for
eradicating
disease
establishing
lasting
memory.
Therefore,
been
developed
treatment
some
infectious
chronic
noncommunicable
Various
technological
strategies
implemented
development
including
molecular-based
(peptide/protein,
DNA
mRNA
vaccines),
vector-based
(bacterial
vector
yeast-based
vaccines)
cell-based
(dendritic
cell
genetically
modified
as
well
combinatorial
approaches.
This
review
summarizes
vaccine-induced
describes
status
multiple
types
diseases,
such
those
caused
by
HPV,
HBV,
HIV,
HCV,
SARS-CoV-2,
cancer,
hypertension,
Alzheimer's
disease,
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
diabetes,
dyslipidemia,
that
evaluated
recent
preclinical
clinical
studies.
Acta Biomaterialia,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
180, P. 1 - 17
Published: April 10, 2024
This
analysis
explores
the
principal
regulatory
concerns
linked
to
nanomedicines
and
gene
vaccines,
including
complexities
involved
perspectives
on
how
navigate
them.
In
realm
of
nanomedicines,
ensuring
safety
nanomaterials
is
paramount
due
their
unique
characteristics
potential
interactions
with
biological
systems.
Regulatory
bodies
are
actively
formulating
guidelines
standards
assess
risks
associated
nanomedicine
products,
emphasizing
need
for
standardized
characterization
techniques
accurately
gauge
effectiveness.
Regarding
frameworks
must
be
tailored
address
distinct
challenges
posed
by
genetic
interventions,
necessitating
special
considerations
in
efficacy
evaluations,
particularly
concerning
vector
design,
target
specificity,
long-term
patient
monitoring.
Ethical
such
as
autonomy,
informed
consent,
privacy
also
demand
careful
attention,
alongside
intricate
matter
intellectual
property
rights,
which
balanced
against
imperative
widespread
access
these
life-saving
treatments.
Collaborative
efforts
among
bodies,
researchers,
patent
offices,
private
sector
essential
tackle
effectively,
international
cooperation
being
especially
crucial
given
global
scope
vaccine
development.
Striking
right
balance
between
safeguarding
properties
promoting
public
health
vital
fostering
innovation
equitable
ground-breaking
technologies,
underscoring
significance
addressing
hurdles
fully
harness
benefits
vaccines
enhancing
healthcare
outcomes
a
scale.
STATEMENT
OF
SIGNIFICANCE:
Several
biomaterials
proposed
development
nanovaccines,
from
polymeric
micelles,
PLGA-/PEI-/PLL-nanoparticles,
solid
lipid
nananoparticles,
cationic
lipoplexes,
liposomes,
hybrid
materials,
dendrimers,
carbon
nanotubes,
hydrogels,
quantum
dots.
Lipid
nanoparticles
(LNPs)
have
gained
tremendous
attention
since
US
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
approval
Pfizer
Moderna's
COVID-19
raising
awareness
vaccines.
review
provides
insights
into
current
strategies
issues,
clinical
trials.
By
navigating
landscapes
we
can
unlock
full
using
range
promising
towards
improving
worldwide.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(9), P. 6845 - 6862
Published: Feb. 22, 2024
Immune
checkpoint
blockade
(ICB)
has
revolutionized
cancer
treatment
and
led
to
complete
durable
responses,
but
only
for
a
minority
of
patients.
Resistance
ICB
can
largely
be
attributed
insufficient
number
and/or
function
antitumor
CD8+
T
cells
in
the
tumor
microenvironment.
Neoantigen
targeted
vaccines
activate
expand
cell
repertoire,
historically,
clinical
responses
have
been
poor
because
immunity
against
peptide
antigens
is
typically
weak,
resulting
activation
cytotoxic
cells.
Herein,
we
describe
nanoparticle
vaccine
platform
that
overcome
these
barriers
several
ways.
First,
reproducibly
formulated
using
scalable
confined
impingement
jet
mixing
method
coload
variety
physicochemically
diverse
multiple
adjuvants
into
pH-responsive,
vesicular
nanoparticles
are
monodisperse
less
than
100
nm
diameter.
Using
this
approach,
encapsulated
synergistically
acting
adjuvants,
cGAMP
monophosphoryl
lipid
A
(MPLA),
nanocarrier
induce
robust
tailored
innate
immune
response
increased
antigen
immunogenicity.
We
found
incorporating
both
nanovaccine
enhanced
expression
dendritic
costimulatory
markers,
pro-inflammatory
cytokine
secretion,
cross-presentation.
Additionally,
delivery
lymph
node
accumulation
uptake
by
draining
node.
Consequently,
codelivery
antigen,
cGAMP,
MPLA
antigen-specific
delayed
growth
mouse
models.
Finally,
improved
efficacy
immunotherapy
murine
colon
carcinoma
model.
This
work
establishes
versatile
neoantigens
synergistic
enhance
vaccines.
Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(35)
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract
Cancer
nanovaccines
represent
a
promising
frontier
in
cancer
immunotherapy,
utilizing
nanotechnology
to
augment
traditional
vaccine
efficacy.
This
review
comprehensively
examines
the
current
state‐of‐the‐art
nanovaccine
development,
elucidating
innovative
strategies
and
technologies
employed
their
design.
It
explores
both
preclinical
clinical
advancements,
emphasizing
key
studies
demonstrating
potential
elicit
robust
anti‐tumor
immune
responses.
The
study
encompasses
various
facets,
including
integrating
biomaterial‐based
nanocarriers
for
antigen
delivery,
adjuvant
selection,
impact
of
nanoscale
properties
on
performance.
Detailed
insights
into
complex
interplay
between
tumor
microenvironment
responses
are
provided,
highlighting
challenges
opportunities
optimizing
therapeutic
outcomes.
Additionally,
presents
thorough
analysis
ongoing
trials,
presenting
snapshot
landscape.
By
curating
latest
scientific
findings
developments,
this
aims
serve
as
comprehensive
resource
researchers
clinicians
engaged
advancing
immunotherapy.
Integrating
design
holds
immense
promise
revolutionizing
treatment
paradigms,
provides
timely
update
evolving
landscape
nanovaccines.
Discover Oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Aug. 11, 2024
Novel
therapeutic
agents
in
clinical
trials
offer
a
paradigm
shift
the
approach
to
battling
this
prevalent
and
destructive
disease,
area
of
cancer
therapy
is
on
precipice
trans
formative
revolution.
Despite
importance
tried-and-true
treatments
like
surgery,
radiation,
chemotherapy,
disease
continues
evolve
adapt,
making
new,
more
potent
methods
necessary.
The
field
currently
witnessing
emergence
wide
range
innovative
approaches.
Immunotherapy,
including
checkpoint
inhibitors,
CAR-T
cell
treatment,
vaccines,
utilizes
host's
immune
system
selectively
target
eradicate
malignant
cells
while
minimizing
harm
normal
tissue.
development
targeted
medicines
kinase
inhibitors
monoclonal
antibodies
has
allowed
for
less
harmful
approaches
treating
cancer.
With
help
genomics
molecular
profiling,
"precision
medicine"
customizes
therapies
each
patient's
unique
genetic
makeup
maximize
efficacy
unwanted
side
effects.
Epigenetic
therapies,
metabolic
interventions,
radio-pharmaceuticals,
an
increasing
emphasis
combination
with
synergistic
effects
further
broaden
landscape.
Multiple-stage
are
essential
determining
safety
these
novel
drugs,
allowing
patients
gain
access
also
furthering
scientific
understanding.
future
rife
promise,
as
integration
artificial
intelligence
big
data
potential
revolutionize
early
detection
prevention.
Collaboration
among
researchers,
healthcare
providers,
active
involvement
remain
bedrock
ongoing
battle
against
In
conclusion,
dynamic
evolving
landscape
provides
hope
improved
treatment
outcomes,
emphasizing
patient-centered,
data-driven,
ethically
grounded
we
collectively
strive
towards
cancer-free
world.
ACS Omega,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
In
the
realm
of
cancer
immunotherapy,
a
profound
evolution
has
ushered
in
sophisticated
strategies
that
encompass
both
traditional
vaccines
and
emerging
viral
vaccines.
This
comprehensive
Review
offers
an
in-depth
exploration
methodologies,
clinical
applications,
success
stories,
future
prospects
these
approaches.
Traditional
have
undergone
significant
advancements
utilizing
diverse
modalities
such
as
proteins,
peptides,
dendritic
cells.
More
recent
innovations
focused
on
physiological
mechanisms
enabling
human
body
to
recognize
combat
precancerous
malignant
cells,
introducing
specific
markers
like
peptide-based
anticancer
targeting
tumor-associated
antigens.
Moreover,
vaccines,
leveraging
engineered
viruses
stimulate
immune
responses
against
antigens,
exhibit
substantial
promise
inducing
robust
enduring
immunity.
Integration
with
complementary
therapeutic
methods,
including
monoclonal
antibodies,
adjuvants,
radiation
therapy,
not
only
improved
survival
rates
but
also
deepened
our
understanding
virulence.
Recent
strides
vaccine
design,
encompassing
oncolytic
viruses,
virus-like
particles,
vectors,
mark
frontier
innovation.
While
advances
hold
immense
potential,
critical
challenges
must
be
addressed,
for
evasion,
potential
off-target
effects,
optimization
genomes.
landscape
noteworthy
take
spotlight
from
use
immunomodulatory
agents
enhancement
innate
adaptive
collaboration.
The
emergence
proteolysis-targeting
chimeras
(PROTACs)
precision
tools
therapy
is
particularly
exciting.
With
focus
various
cancers,
melanoma
formidable
solid
tumors,
this
critically
assesses
types
mechanisms,
barriers
efficacy,
safety
profiles,
immune-related
adverse
events,
providing
nuanced
perspective
underlying
involving
cytotoxic
T
natural
killer
underscores
transformative
cutting-edge
technologies
studies,
molecular
sequencing,
artificial
intelligence
advancing
field
These
expedite
progress
emphasize
multidimensional
rapidly
evolving
nature
research,
affirming
its
significance
broader
context
therapy.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(7), P. 3224 - 3252
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Neoantigens
play
a
pivotal
role
in
the
field
of
tumour
therapy,
encompassing
stimulation
anti-tumour
immune
response
and
enhancement
targeting
capability.
Nonetheless,
numerous
factors
directly
influence
effectiveness
neoantigens
bolstering
responses,
including
neoantigen
quantity
specificity,
uptake
rates
by
antigen-presenting
cells
(APCs),
residence
duration
within
microenvironment
(TME),
their
ability
to
facilitate
maturation
APCs
for
activation.
Nanotechnology
assumes
significant
several
aspects,
facilitating
release,
promoting
delivery
cells,
augmenting
dendritic
shielding
from
protease
degradation,
optimizing
interactions
between
system.
Consequently,
development
nanotechnology
synergistically
enhances
efficacy
cancer
theranostics.
In
this
review,
we
provide
an
overview
sources,
mechanisms
neoantigen-induced
evolution
precision
neoantigen-based
nanomedicine.
This
encompasses
various
therapeutic
modalities,
such
as
immunotherapy,
phototherapy,
radiotherapy,
chemotherapy,
chemodynamic
other
strategies
tailored
augment
therapeutics.
We
also
discuss
current
challenges
prospects
application
nanomedicine,
aiming
expedite
its
clinical
translation.
