Psychedelic Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 22, 2025
Language: Английский
The American Journal of Bioethics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 6 - 15
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
Research on psychedelic medicines is experiencing a revival. Some clinicians, scientists, and ethicists believe that psychedelics are so different from other treatments they warrant special consideration in how researched, regulated, commercialized, administered. Others argue show clinical potential, but should be treated like medical interventions. In words, identical standards apply. This article analyzes whether regulatory ethical perspective.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 182(1), P. 1 - 5
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
There is notable controversy about the role of psychotherapy in clinical trials psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT). This heated and perpetually evolving debate informs questions such as how much should accompany a psychedelic intervention (Marseille et al., 2022), what type most effectively complements administration (Cavarra 2022;Yaden even whether always be included (Goodwin 2023;Earleywine 2024;Schenberg, 2024). Recent events, namely rejection by Food Drug Administration (FDA) Lykos Therapeutics' application to approve MDMA-assisted (MDMA-AT) treatment for PTSD, has brought forth some intricacies within this debate. That governing body's pharmacological agents, not psychotherapies. The FDA was likely unfamiliar with complication including MDMA-AT, rather than evaluating MDMA standalone intervention. highlights novelty PAT medicalized settings, underscores bona fide necessary component drug administration.From our perspective, unique psychiatric that it genuinely combined treatment, involving substance psilocybin or context psychotherapy. Thus, synergizes elements enhancement along psychological relational learning healing. psychedelics seems potentiate cognitive, emotional, behavioral change help more effective 2022;Grunder 2024;Nayak & Johnson, 2021). Additionally, like psychotherapies, emerging evidence, consistent body evidence literature, suggesting quality relationship between therapists patients critically important success (Levin 2024;Murphy 2022;Zeifman emotional impact real developed crucial patient's healing, perfunctory safety protocol nor peripheral afterthought.We champion essential arc helping attain meaningful relief from their distress, we encourage rigorous scientific examination which types doses may optimize delivery PAT.Commented [JZ1]: word erroneously title article, "auto-read" being part title. I am deleting here paper.While researchers support inclusion 2022;Deckel 2024;Earleywine 2024;Schenberg 2024), others have made case administration. Goodwin al. (2023) advance argument, stating there minimal confirm belief truly form enhanced catalyzed They suggest administration, safety, often all produce many suffering serious mental health conditions, configuration general study effects on psychosocial health.They first claim used been nondirective counseling, counseling an evidence-based conditions targeted PAT, treatment-resistant depression, use disorders. Our perspective la carte platter, "best" constructed extracting other non-psychedelic treatments (like psychotherapies) forcing them into framework PAT. Rather cobbling together specific ingredients package, advocate therapies are efficacious when delivered concert applied setting. If preliminary could treat condition, might further improve outcome pair thoughtfully-selected approaches, principles, techniques understood efficacious? We will know unless phenomenon. As stated Earleywine (2024), "only data can answer question. A trial compare groups without extensive preparation integration." same true regarding position well-trained facilitators ensure allow patient fully immersed experience, but no assumptions improving efficacy. Indeed, assumption made, only thoroughly studying issue able come complete understanding, preventing urge make assumptions.The authors assert complex interactions facilitators, kinds exemplify forms psychotherapy, impediment research; they complicate efforts determine therapeutic effect psychedelic, unregulated, lead ethical violations. It becomes difficult account placebo phenomenon expectancy, patient-therapist mutually unblind condition. But entire -the set setting, behavior therapists, interventions, relationships -is contributor outcome. cannot completely isolate Separating out us understand each aspect limits understanding interaction these distinct avenues, (Decker similar conventional aspects randomized dismantled, randomize two different modalities offer components unitary (e.g. randomizing receiving CBT receive cognitive restructuring activation only), therapist's empathy ability identify agree upon goals patients) so integral paradigm would unethical unfeasible remove trial. Process-oriented metaanalytic research assisted elements, absent randomizable condition (Norcross Lambert, 2011).PAT routinely include al.'s concerns addressed through methodologically and, appropriate protocols, training, regulation, adherence monitoring minimize risk violations harm patients.Further complicating discussion psychotherapy's type(s) employed. Current limited modality particular diagnoses populations patients, arguments put highlighting approaches (Brennan Belser, 2022;Sloshower 2020;Yaden 2022).Yaden ( 2022) argue cognitive-behavioral (CBT) default citing its robust base natural match interventions While understandable temptation clinicians provide orderly, structured can, problems argument. order prevent premature foreclosure exploration potentially usefully PAT.The high level congruence concepts Some concepts, sessions self-monitoring, indeed helpful demonstrate anything inherently sets apart any default. Other referenced authors, present moment awareness, mindfulness, reflective listening, CBT. roots humanistic-existential psychodynamic therapy, well Eastern wisdom traditions, employed varieties And yet suggestions, attempting utilize during session, actually conflict multidimensional non-ordinary states consciousness engender. Psychedelic predict, open process. Attempts "control" experience session difficult, hinder effectiveness (Luoma 2019). In typically follow process, largely self-determined sometimes openended. Flexibility therapist key. practice CBT, design, does open-endedness -rather, identifies focus clinician. Excessive open-ended process viewed focus, hijacking objective. rationale makes sense difficult-to-predict contours session.Most concerningly, authors' suggestion create self-fulfilling prophecy. Assuming approach prematurely forecloses inquiry develop best practices fails acknowledge potential those commonly historically paired humanistic, depthoriented, somatic, transpersonal Studies show benefits never conducted, far lower number studies pairing imbalance accrual sustain false narrative one school somehow innately superior another, replicated finding yield equivalent compared only, if helpful, whom helpful. unnecessarily trying disassemble known synergistic produced potentiation concurrent processing results high-quality therapy.In addition thorough synergize accomplished head-to-head corresponding differing theoretical orientations quantities Researchers also survey consumers who interested gleaning needs. especially minoritized harmed whose needs prioritized (Straus value strongly feel human element must preserved deeply examined.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102799 - 102799
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
11
Journal of Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(5), P. 432 - 457
Published: May 1, 2024
Background: Therapeutic and salutogenic effects of psychedelic drugs have been attributed to psychotherapeutic or psychotherapy-like processes that can unfold during the acute experience beyond. Currently, there are no psychometric instruments available comprehensively assess (as conceptualized by empirical psychotherapy research) in context experiences. Aims: We report initial validation General Change Mechanisms Questionnaire (GCMQ), a self-report instrument designed measure five empirically established general change mechanisms (GCMs) psychotherapy—(1) resource activation, (2) therapeutic relationship, (3) problem actuation, (4) clarification, (5) mastery—in Methods: An online survey sample 1153 English-speaking 714 German-speaking users was conducted evaluate simultaneously developed English- German-language versions GCMQ. Results: The theory-based factor structure confirmed. GCMQ scales showed good internal consistency. Evidence for convergent validity with external measures obtained. Significant associations different settings therapeutic, hedonic, escapist use motives confirmed hypothesized dependence GCM-related Indicating potential effects, association between cumulative stressful life events well-being significantly moderated mastery. Factor mixture modeling revealed distinct profiles Conclusion: Initial testing indicates is valid reliable be used future clinical nonclinical research. identified experiences may relevant uses psychedelics harm reduction.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Psychedelic Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 106086 - 106086
Published: March 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Swiss Archives of Neurology Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 18, 2024
Switzerland's early contributions to the 'psychedelic renaissance', revival of psychedelic science starting in 21st century, might be particularly noteworthy given growing global interest using psychedelics for research and therapy.In 2023, Swiss Interest Group Psychedelic-assisted Therapy was established provide a clear widely accepted framework work related psychedelic-assisted therapy.Members this group created first draft treatment recommendations (S1 guidelines).These will continuously updated incorporate new findings therapy.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(8)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Abstract Breathwork is an understudied school of practices involving intentional respiratory modulation to induce altered state consciousness (ASC). We simultaneously investigate the phenomenological and neural dynamics breathwork by combining Temporal Experience Tracing, a quantitative methodology that preserves temporal subjective experience, with low-density portable EEG devices. Fourteen novice participants completed course up 28 sessions—of 20, 40, or 60 min—in days, yielding neurophenomenological dataset 301 sessions. Using hypothesis-driven data-driven approaches, we found “psychedelic-like” experiences were associated increased Lempel-Ziv complexity during breathwork. Exploratory analyses showed aperiodic exponent power spectral density—but not oscillatory alpha power—yielded similar associations. Non-linear features, like exponent, neurally map both multidimensional composite positive experiences, aspects psychedelic-like experience states such as high bliss.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Neuroscience Applied, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 103938 - 103938
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Psychedelic drugs including psilocybin and LSD are undergoing clinical trials for a range of psychiatric neurological conditions, have particularly shown substantial promise in phase 2 studies depression. In this article we outline key knowledge gaps that may be imperative successful implementation psychedelic as medicines identified by members the European College Neuropsychopharmacology at New Frontiers Meeting Nice (2023). Key themes include pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic characterisation, comparisons between psychedelics, relation duration subjective effects therapeutic outcomes, polypharmacology, impact psychological support. We conclude with perspective from Medicines Agency Heath Technology Assessors on most pressing requirements medical Europe.
Language: Английский
Citations
5