A review on fundamentals for designing oxygen evolution electrocatalysts

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49(7), P. 2196 - 2214

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

The fundamentals related to the oxygen evolution reaction and catalyst design are summarized discussed.

Language: Английский

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Clean and Affordable Hydrogen Fuel from Alkaline Water Splitting: Past, Recent Progress, and Future Prospects

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(31)

Published: June 12, 2021

Abstract Hydrogen economy has emerged as a very promising alternative to the current hydrocarbon economy, which involves process of harvesting renewable energy split water into hydrogen and oxygen then further utilization clean fuel. The production by electrolysis is an essential prerequisite with zero carbon emission. Among various technologies, alkaline splitting been commercialized for more than 100 years, representing most mature economic technology. Here, historic development overviewed, several critical electrochemical parameters are discussed. After that, advanced nonprecious metal electrocatalysts that recently negotiating evolution reaction (OER) (HER) discussed, including transition oxides, (oxy)hydroxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, nitrides OER, well alloys, carbides HER. In this section, particular attention paid catalyst synthesis, activity stability challenges, performance improvement, industry‐relevant developments. Some recent works about scaled‐up novel electrode designs, seawater also spotlighted. Finally, outlook on future challenges opportunities offered, potential directions speculated.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Derived Materials for Energy and Water Sustainability

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 120(15), P. 7642 - 7707

Published: July 8, 2020

Energy and water are of fundamental importance for our modern society, advanced technologies on sustainable energy storage conversion as well resource management in the focus intensive research worldwide. Beyond their traditional biological applications, hydrogels emerging an appealing materials platform energy- water-related applications owing to attractive tailorable physiochemical properties. In this review, we highlight highly tunable synthesis various hydrogels, involving key synthetic elements such monomer/polymer building blocks, cross-linkers, functional additives, discuss how can be employed precursors templates architecting three-dimensional frameworks electrochemically active materials. We then present in-depth discussion structure–property relationships hydrogel based gelation chemistry, ultimately targeting properties enhanced ionic/electronic conductivities, mechanical strength, flexibility, stimuli-responsiveness, desirable swelling behavior. The unique interconnected porous structures enable fast charge/mass transport while offering large surface areas, polymer–water interactions regulated achieve retention, absorption, evaporation within hydrogels. Such structure-derived also intimately coordinated realize multifunctionality stability different target devices. plethora stimulating examples is expounded with a batteries, supercapacitors, electrocatalysts, solar purification, atmospheric harvesting, which showcase unprecedented technological potential enabled by hydrogel-derived Finally, study challenges ways tackling them reveal underlying mechanisms transform current development into technologies.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in activating surface reconstruction for the high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(15), P. 8428 - 8469

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The recent progress in activating surface reconstruction by integrating advanced characterizations with theoretical calculations for high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction is reviewed.

Language: Английский

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Overall electrochemical splitting of water at the heterogeneous interface of nickel and iron oxide

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Dec. 6, 2019

Abstract Efficient generation of hydrogen from water-splitting is an underpinning chemistry to realize the economy. Low cost, transition metals such as nickel and iron-based oxides/hydroxides have been regarded promising catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media with overpotentials low ~200 mV achieve 10 mA cm −2 , however, they are generally unsuitable reaction. Herein, we show a Janus nanoparticle catalyst nickel–iron oxide interface multi-site functionality highly efficient comparable performance benchmark platinum on carbon catalyst. Density functional theory calculations reveal that catalytic activity induced by strong electronic coupling effect between iron at interface. Remarkably, also exhibits extraordinary activity, enabling active stable bi-functional whole cell with, best our knowledge, highest energy efficiency (83.7%) reported date.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Electrocatalytic Water Splitting by Strain Engineering

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 31(17)

Published: Feb. 18, 2019

Electrochemical water splitting driven by sustainable energy such as solar, wind, and tide is attracting ever-increasing attention for production of clean hydrogen fuel from water. Leveraging these advances requires efficient earth-abundant electrocatalysts to accelerate the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reactions (HER OER). A large number advanced water-splitting have been developed through recent understanding electrochemical nature engineering approaches. Specifically, strain offers a novel route promote electrocatalytic HER/OER performances splitting. Herein, theoretical experimental progress on applying enhance heterogeneous both HER OER are reviewed future opportunities discussed. brief introduction fundamentals reactions, rationalization utilizing mechanical tune an electrocatalyst given, followed discussion strain-promoted OER, with special emphasis given combined approaches determining optimal straining effect electrolysis, along creating characterizing in nanocatalysts, particularly emerging 2D nanomaterials. Finally, vision community based electrolysis proposed.

Language: Английский

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Toward Active-Site Tailoring in Heterogeneous Catalysis by Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters with Crystallographic Structures

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 121(2), P. 567 - 648

Published: Sept. 17, 2020

Heterogeneous catalysis involves solid-state catalysts, among which metal nanoparticles occupy an important position. Unfortunately, no two from conventional synthesis are the same at atomic level, though such regular can be highly uniform nanometer level (e.g., size distribution ∼5%). In long pursuit of well-defined nanocatalysts, a recent success is atomically precise nanoclusters protected by ligands in range tens to hundreds atoms (equivalently 1–3 nm core diameter). More importantly, have been crystallographically characterized, just like protein structures enzyme catalysis. Such merge features homogeneous catalysts ligand-protected centers) and enzymes protein-encapsulated clusters few bridged ligands). The with their total available constitute new class model hold great promise fundamental research, including dependent activity, control catalytic selectivity structure surface ligands, structure–property relationships atomic-level, insights into molecular activation mechanisms, identification active sites on nanocatalysts. This Review summarizes progress utilization for These nanocluster-based enabled heterogeneous research single-atom single-electron levels. Future efforts expected achieve more exciting understanding tailoring design high activity under mild conditions.

Language: Английский

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Water electrolysers with closed and open electrochemical systems

Nature Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 1140 - 1150

Published: Oct. 5, 2020

Language: Английский

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Electro-organic synthesis – a 21^stcentury technique

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(46), P. 12386 - 12400

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

This perspective provides insight into recent electro-organic methods and general trends in this field, opens up prospects for future viewpoints.

Language: Английский

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Electrocatalytic Refinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels and Chemicals

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 60(36), P. 19572 - 19590

Published: Feb. 19, 2021

Abstract Compared to modern fossil‐fuel‐based refineries, the emerging electrocatalytic refinery (e‐refinery) is a more sustainable and environmentally benign strategy convert renewable feedstocks energy sources into transportable fuels value‐added chemicals. A crucial step in conducting e‐refinery processes development of appropriate reactions optimal electrocatalysts for efficient cleavage formation chemical bonds. However, compared well‐studied primary (e.g., O 2 reduction, water splitting), mechanistic aspects materials design complex are yet be settled. To address this challenge, herein, we first present fundamentals heterogeneous electrocatalysis some reactions, then implement these establish framework by coupling situ generated intermediates (integrated reactions) or products (tandem reactions). We also set principles strategies efficiently manipulate reaction pathways.

Language: Английский

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