Summertime Ozone Production at Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico: Influence of Oil and Natural Gas Development DOI Creative Commons
Andrey Marsavin, Da Pan, I. B. Pollack

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 129(14)

Published: July 16, 2024

Abstract Southeastern New Mexico's Carlsbad Caverns National Park (CAVE) has increasingly experienced summertime ozone (O 3 ) exceeding an 8‐hr average of 70 parts per billion by volume (ppbv). The park is located in the western part Permian oil and natural gas (O&G) basin, where production rates have increased fivefold last decade. We investigate O –precursor relationships constraining F0AM box model to observations nitrogen oxides (NO x = NO + 2 a suite volatile organic compounds (VOCs) collected at CAVE during summer 2019. O&G‐related VOCs dominated calculated VOC reactivity with hydroxyl radicals (OH) on days when concentrations were primarily controlled local photochemistry. Radical budget analysis showed that levels high enough impose sensitivity morning hours, while subsequent loss through photochemical consumption led ‐sensitive conditions afternoon. Maximum daily was responsive both reductions, reductions proving most effective. underestimated observed 5‐day episode influenced photochemically aged O&G emissions, as indicated back‐trajectory analysis, low i‐ / n ‐pentane ratios, enhanced secondary VOCs, ratios total reactive oxidized y ). Model‐observation agreement improved , which approximates time emission, indicating large fraction this formed nonlocally.

Language: Английский

Urban ozone formation and sensitivities to volatile chemical products, cooking emissions, and NOx upwind of and within two Los Angeles Basin cities DOI Creative Commons
Chelsea E. Stockwell, Matthew M. Coggon, Rebecca H. Schwantes

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 1121 - 1143

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Abstract. Volatile chemical products (VCPs) and other non-traditional anthropogenic sources, such as cooking, contribute substantially to the volatile organic compound (VOC) budget in urban areas, but their impact on ozone formation is less certain. This study employs Lagrangian box modeling sensitivity analyses evaluate response sector-specific VOC nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions two Los Angeles (LA) Basin cities during summer of 2021. The model simulated photochemical processing transport temporally spatially gridded from FIVE-VCP-NEI17NRT inventory accurately simulates variability magnitude O3, NOx, speciated VOCs Pasadena, CA. show that (AVOC) enhance mean daily maximum 8 h average Pasadena by 13 ppb, whereas biogenic (BVOCs) 9.4 ppb. Of influenced AVOCs, VCPs represent largest fraction at 45 %, while cooking fossil fuel are comparable 26 % 29 respectively. NOx along trajectory paths indicate regime varies temporally. modeled primarily NOx-saturated across dense core peak production Pasadena. Lowering 25 moves NOx-limited chemistry afternoon hours shrinks spatial extent saturation towards downtown LA. Further using represented a separate state requires steeper reductions transition sensitivity, further suggesting representing reactivity inventories critical determining effectiveness future reduction policies.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Emissions and Atmospheric Chemistry of Furanoids from Biomass Burning: Insights from Laboratory to Atmospheric Observations DOI Creative Commons
Manolis N. Romanías, Matthew M. Coggon,

Fatima Al Ali

et al.

ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 857 - 899

Published: April 8, 2024

Furanoids are a class of reactive volatile organic compounds that major products from the pyrolysis and combustion biomass polymers, including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin. Biomass burning is an atmospheric source furanoids increasing in frequency intensity throughout regions world. Once emitted to atmosphere, may react with oxidants form secondary pollutants hazardous human health, ozone (O3) aerosol (SOA). This review comprehensive assessment literature between 1977 present describing emissions fate wild, prescribed, domestic fires. The organized by presenting physical properties key first, followed summary biopolymer reactions lead furanoid formation. Next, factors compiled across typical fuels consumed highlight species smoke. We next available kinetic degradation mechanism data characterize reaction rates, gas-phase products, SOA formed as result OH, NO3, O3, Cl radicals. then describe studies have focused on evaluating chemistry their impacts air quality using combination field observations model simulations. conclude perspective identifies future research directions would address gaps improve understanding processes.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
The Chemical Assessment of Surfaces and Air (CASA) Study: Using chemical and physical perturbations in a test house to investigate indoor processes DOI Creative Commons
Delphine K. Farmer, Marina E. Vance, Dustin G. Poppendieck

et al.

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The Chemical Assessment of Surfaces and Air (CASA) study aimed to understand how chemicals transform in the indoor environment using perturbations (

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Key results from the salt lake regional smoke, ozone, and aerosol study (SAMOZA) DOI
Daniel A. Jaffe, Matthew Ninneman, Linh Nhat Nguyen

et al.

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74(3), P. 163 - 180

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

The Northern Wasatch Front area is one of ~ 50 metropolitan regions in the U.S. that do not meet 2015 O3 standard. To better understand causes high days this region we conducted Salt Lake regional Smoke, Ozone and Aerosol Study (SAMOZA) summer 2022. primary goals SAMOZA were:

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Reactive Nitrogen Partitioning Enhances the Contribution of Canadian Wildfire Plumes to US Ozone Air Quality DOI Creative Commons
Meiyun Lin, Larry W. Horowitz, Lu Hu

et al.

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(15)

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Abstract Quantifying the variable impacts of wildfire smoke on ozone air quality is challenging. Here we use airborne measurements from 2018 Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen (WE‐CAN) to parameterize emissions reactive nitrogen (NO y ) wildfires into peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN; 37%), NO 3 − (27%), (36%) in a global chemistry‐climate model with 13 km spatial resolution over contiguous US. The partitioning, compared emitting all as NO, reduces bias near‐fire plumes sampled by aircraft enhances downwind 5–10 ppbv when Canadian travel Washington, Utah, Colorado, Texas. Using multi‐platform observations, identify smoke‐influenced days daily maximum 8‐hr average (MDA8) 70–88 Kennewick, Salt Lake City, Denver Dallas. On these days, enhanced MDA8 5–25 ppbv, through produced remotely during plume transport locally via interactions urban emissions.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Emission Factors for Crop Residue and Prescribed Fires in the Eastern US During FIREX‐AQ DOI Creative Commons
Katherine R. Travis, J. H. Crawford, A. J. Soja

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(18)

Published: Sept. 2, 2023

Abstract Agricultural and prescribed burning activities emit large amounts of trace gases aerosols on regional to global scales. We present a compilation emission factors (EFs) ratios from the eastern portion Fire Influence Regional Global Environments Air Quality (FIREX‐AQ) campaign in 2019 United States, which sampled crop residues other fire fuels. FIREX‐AQ provided comprehensive chemical characterization 53 residue 22 fires. Crop burned at different modified combustion efficiencies (MCE), with corn higher MCE than fuel types. Prescribed fires lower (<0.90) is typical, while grasslands (0.90) normally observed due moist, green, growing season Most non‐methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) were significantly anticorrelated except for ethanol NMVOCs that measured less certainty. identified 23 species where differed by more 50% same MCE. EFs greater related agricultural use composition as well oxygenated possibly presence metals such potassium. monoterpenes (5×). average generally agreed previous study US but had disagreements compilations. observations show importance regionally‐specific fuel‐specific first steps reduce uncertainty modeling air quality impacts emissions.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Early Season 2023 Wildfires Generated Record‐Breaking Surface Ozone Anomalies Across the U.S. Upper Midwest DOI Creative Commons
O. R. Cooper, Kai‐Lan Chang, Kelvin H. Bates

et al.

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(22)

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Abstract During summer 2023 Canada experienced its most intense wildfire season on record. Smoke plumes from these fires advected across the United States (U.S.) Upper Midwest, producing regional scale surface enhancements of PM 2.5 and ozone, as recorded by U.S. monitoring network. These events are notable because they occurred early in fire (May 15‐June 30), produced highest regional‐scale ozone levels ever northern tier during (May–June) or late (July‐August) summer. Specifically, Midwest 50th percentile was greater than any other year since 1995, when network had sufficient coverage to assess levels; 90th 2002. Satellite aircraft measurements demonstrate availability precursors production within smoke plumes.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Transport of dissolved organic matters derived from biomass-pyrogenic smoke (SDOMs) and their effects on mobility of heavy metal ions in saturated porous media DOI

Jiuyan Chen,

Huiying Zhang, Usman Farooq

et al.

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 336, P. 139247 - 139247

Published: June 15, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Were Wildfires Responsible for the Unusually High Surface Ozone in Colorado During 2021? DOI Creative Commons
A. O. Langford, Christoph J. Senff,

R. J. Alvarez

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(12)

Published: June 20, 2023

Abstract Ground‐level ozone (O 3 ) was unusually high in northern Colorado the summer of 2021 with maximum daily 8‐hr average (MDA8) concentrations 6 to 8 parts‐per‐billion by volume (ppbv) higher than 2019, 2020, or 2022. One more monitors on Front Range exceeded 2015 U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) 70 ppbv 66 122 days from 1 June 30 September, and this record number exceedances coincided near presence dispersed smoke haze wildfires Arizona, California, Pacific Northwest. In paper, we use regulatory non‐regulatory surface O PM 2.5 measurements conjunction ground‐based lidar observations estimate how much associated wildfire smoke. Analyses suggest that pyrogenic transported increased an July, August, 2 September. Analysis showed these contributions be as large 12 some days. Production reactions VOCs locally emitted NO x appears have been minimal (<3 ppbv) Boulder area, but may larger suburbs southwest downtown Denver.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Wildfire Impacts on O3 in the Continental United States Using PM2.5 and a Generalized Additive Model (2018–2023) DOI Creative Commons
Haebum Lee, Daniel A. Jaffe

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(33), P. 14764 - 14774

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

We examined PM2.5 and Hazard Mapping System smoke plume satellite data at ∼600 United States (US) air monitoring stations to identify surface on 14.0% of all May–September days for 2018–2023, with large influences in 2020 2021, due California fires, 2023, Canadian fires. Days have an average 11 μg m–3 more 8 ppb higher maximum daily h (MDA8) O3 concentrations than nonsmoke days, they also account 94% that exceed the health standard (35 m–3) 36% (70 ppb). To estimate contributions MDA8, Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were built each site using day up predictors. The mean deviation residuals from GAMs 0 ± 6.1 4.3 7.9 data, indicating a significant enhancement MDA8 days. found positive 72% these we calculate contribution 7.8 6.0 ppb. Over 6 year period, percentage exceedance continental US was 25% highest 2023 (38%). In Central experienced unusually high number 1522, 52% impacted by smoke, while Eastern had fewer 288, 78% smoke. Our results demonstrate importance wildland fires as contributors exceedances health-based national quality standards O3.

Language: Английский

Citations

4