Comprehensive Validation of the Adsorbable Organic Fluorine Analysis and Performance Comparison of Current Methods for Total Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water Samples DOI
Yuling Han,

Vivek Francis Pulikkal,

Mei Sun

et al.

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(6), P. 1474 - 1482

Published: May 13, 2021

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely detected in the environment, while a large number of them cannot be identified and/or quantified by current analytical methods. As surrogate total PFAS analysis, adsorbable organic fluorine (AOF) method was improved validated this study. The has limits detection quantification 300 400 ng/L, respectively, more sensitive than previously reported AOF recovery for 29 individual PFASs ranged 53–113%, three short-chain yielded lower (19–39%) due to low adsorption efficiency. Recovery mixtures different environmental water matrices 64–84%, negligibly impacted presence fluoride, dissolved matter, or other matrix constituents. applied samples, data were compared results from analyses, including fluorine, extractable oxidizable precursors, summed PFASs. contents targeted analysis only contributed 0.4–29% concentrations all except two indicating significance estimating unknown concentrations, screening contamination, assessing exposure.

Language: Английский

Thermal decomposition of perfluorinated carboxylic acids: Kinetic model and theoretical requirements for PFAS incineration DOI
Mohammednoor Altarawneh, Mansour H. Almatarneh, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski

et al.

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 286, P. 131685 - 131685

Published: July 29, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

83
Supercritical Water Oxidation as an Innovative Technology for PFAS Destruction DOI
Max J. Krause, Eben D. Thoma,

Endalkachew Sahle-Damesessie

et al.

Journal of Environmental Engineering, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 148(2)

Published: Nov. 23, 2021

Water above 374 °C and 22.1 MPa, becomes supercritical, a special state where organic solubility increases oxidation processes are accelerated. Supercritical water (SCWO) has been previously shown to destroy hazardous substances such as halogenated compounds. Three separate providers of SCWO technology were contracted test the efficacy systems reduce per- poly-fluoroalkyl (PFAS) concentrations from solutions dilute aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF). The findings all three demonstration studies, showed greater than 99% reduction total PFAS identified in targeted-compound analysis, including perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) perfluorooctanoic (PFOA). PFOS was reduced 26.2 mg/L 240 μg/L, 30.4 0.310 190 8.57 Aquarden, Battelle, 374Water demonstrations, respectively. Similarly, PFOA 930 0.14 883 0.102 3,100 μg/L non-detect evaluations. Additionally, chemical oxygen demand AFFF 4,750 5.17 after treatment, indicating significant compound destruction. In one demonstration, mass balance influent effluent found that targeted compounds accounted for only 27% generated fluoride, suggesting more destroyed measured emphasizing limitations analysis alone. As destructive technology, may be an alternative incineration could permanent solution PFAS-laden wastewaters rather disposal by injection into deep-well or landfilling. Additional investigation reaction by-products remains conducted complete assessment SCWO's potential safe effective treatment technology.

Language: Английский

Citations

68
Nontargeted Identification and Temporal Trends of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in a Fluorochemical Industrial Zone and Adjacent Taihu Lake DOI
Jingzhi Yao, Nan Sheng,

Yong Guo

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(12), P. 7986 - 7996

Published: May 18, 2022

Various per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) remain undiscovered unexplored in the environment. The goals of this study were to discover new species PFASs effluent surface waters from a fluorochemical industrial zone, assess their concentration, distribution, temporal trends adjacent natural In total, 83 emerging 14 classes identified, 22 which reported for first time. Authentic standards synthesized 13 ether carboxylic acids (PFECAs), thereby greatly expanding scope PFAS-targeted monitoring. newly identified compounds accounted 27%–95% total PFAS concentrations. Of note, novel diether acid, 2-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)hexafluoropropoxy]tetrafluoropropanoic acid (C7 HFPO-TA) was detected at an extremely high concentration zone (447 000 ng/L) median water (670 ng/L), with detectable levels also found environment, that is, Wangyu River (23 Taihu Lake (5.6 ng/L). distinct geographic distribution C7 HFPO-TA suggests transport point source via River. Lake, along many other PFASs, continued grow three sampling campaigns 2016 2021. Considering environmental persistence toxicity structurally similar PFECAs (e.g., HFPO–DA), studies on are urgently needed.

Language: Английский

Citations

67
PFAS Analysis with Ultrahigh Resolution 21T FT-ICR MS: Suspect and Nontargeted Screening with Unrivaled Mass Resolving Power and Accuracy DOI
Robert B. Young, Nasim E. Pica, Hamidreza Sharifan

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(4), P. 2455 - 2465

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a large family of thousands chemicals, many which have been identified using nontargeted time-of-flight Orbitrap mass spectrometry methods. Comprehensive characterization complex PFAS mixtures is critical to assess their environmental transport, transformation, exposure, uptake. Because 21 tesla (T) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR MS) offers the highest available resolving power sub-ppm errors across wide molecular weight range, we developed T FT-ICR MS method screen for PFASs in an aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) suspect screening, targeted formula database (C, H, Cl, F, N, O, P, S; ≤865 Da), isotopologues, Kendrick-analogous difference networks (KAMDNs). False-positive identifications natural organic matter (NOM) sample, served as negative control, suggested that minimum length 3 should be imposed when annotating CF2-homologous series with positive defects. We putatively 163 known during well 134 novel including suspected polyethoxylated perfluoroalkane sulfonamide series. This study shows analysis can provide unique insights into composition expand our understanding chemistries impacted matrices.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Microbial biotransformation of aqueous film-forming foam derived polyfluoroalkyl substances DOI Creative Commons
Youn Jeong Choi, Damian E. Helbling, Jinxia Liu

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 824, P. 153711 - 153711

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

50
Characterization of Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances Present in Commercial Anti-fog Products and Their In Vitro Adipogenic Activity DOI Creative Commons
Nicholas J. Herkert, Christopher D. Kassotis, Sharon Zhang

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(2), P. 1162 - 1173

Published: Jan. 5, 2022

Anti-fog sprays and solutions are used on eyeglasses to minimize the condensation of water vapor, particularly while wearing a mask. Given their water-repellent properties, we sought characterize per- polyfluorinated alkyl substance (PFAS) compounds in four anti-fog spray products, five cloth two commercial fluorosurfactant formulations suspected be preparing products. Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) fluorotelomer ethoxylates (FTEOs) were detected all products formulations. While 6:2 FTOH FTEO polymeric series predominant, one formulation contained 8:2, 10:2, 12:2, 14:2, 16:2 series. PFAS concentrations varied samples at levels up 25,000 μg/mL 185,000 μg (g cloth)

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Target and nontarget analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in surface water, groundwater and sediments of three typical fluorochemical industrial parks in China DOI
Dongbao Song,

Biting Qiao,

Yiming Yao

et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 460, P. 132411 - 132411

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Trends in the Analysis and Exploration of per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Environmental Matrices: A Review DOI

Yunxiang Shen,

Ling Wang, Yi Ding

et al.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 54(8), P. 3171 - 3195

Published: July 6, 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is an emerging class of organic pollutants concern now prevalent in environmental matrices including water, soil, air, biological. So far, several standard analytical methods have been developed to systematically analyze PFAS different matrices. However, the complexity makes effective extraction difficult, legacy gradually changing into a new with short chain unknown structure production, which analysis challenging. In this review, following aspects are summarized: (1) advances for matrices, further generalizes updating novel detection methods; (2) PFAS, suspect non-targeted screening method based on high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) described.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Stability and Biotransformation of 6:2 Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acid, Sulfonamide Amine Oxide, and Sulfonamide Alkylbetaine in Aerobic Sludge DOI
Bo Fang, Yaozhi Zhang, Hao Chen

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(5), P. 2446 - 2457

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

The 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamide (6:2 FTSAm)-based compounds signify a prominent group of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) widely used in contemporary aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) formulations. Despite their widespread presence, the biotransformation behavior these wastewater treatment plants remains uncertain. This study investigated FTSAm-based amine oxide FTNO), alkylbetaine FTAB), sulfonic acid FTSA) aerobic sludge over 100-day incubation period. alkylamine FTAA), primary intermediate product FTNO, was indirectly assessed. Their stability ranked based on estimated half-lives (t1/2): FTAB (no obvious products were detected) ≫ FTSA (t1/2 ≈28.8 days) > FTAA ≈11.5 FTNO ≈1.2 days). Seven transformation 15 identified through nontarget suspect screening using high-resolution mass spectrometry. pathways proposed. Interestingly, FTSAm hardly hydrolyzed to further biotransformed perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs). Furthermore, novel for generation perfluoroheptanoic (PFHpA) from revealed.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
PFAS Destruction and Near-Complete Defluorination of Undiluted Aqueous Film-Forming Foams at Ambient Conditions by Piezoelectric Ball Milling DOI
Nanyang Yang, Yunqiao Guan, Shasha Yang

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

The nonthermal destruction of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) stockpiles, one the major culprits responsible for water and soil contamination by per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), is extremely challenging because coexistence mixed recalcitrant PFAS complicated organic matrices at high concentrations. To date, complete defluorination undiluted AFFF ambient conditions has not been demonstrated. This study reports a novel piezoelectric ball milling approach treating with total fluorine concentration 9080 mg/L carbon 234 g/L. Near-complete (>95% conversion organofluorine to fluoride) was achieved comilling boron nitride. By carefully examining experimental data, we identified liquid film thickness (Z) collision interface as descriptor treatment performance. We further validated that effective proceeded when Z less than criteria value 2.3 μm. In light this new understanding, addition SiO2 dispersant pre-evaporation solvents reduce have strategies promote capacity.

Language: Английский

Citations

1