Comparison of lead adsorption on the aged conventional microplastics, biodegradable microplastics and environmentally-relevant tire wear particles

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 460, P. 141838 - 141838

Published: Feb. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bioplastic: an eco‐friendly alternative to non‐biodegradable plastic

Polymer International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(11), P. 984 - 996

Published: June 15, 2023

Abstract The accumulation of non‐biodegradable plastic waste in land and aquatic environments is expanding every day. According to data collected from various scientific reports, about 100–250 megatonnes arrives the oceans annually. Central Control Board India (2019–2020), produces 3.5 million metric tonnes annually, while only 5–10% produced recycled. non‐recycled dumped into environment either goes landfills or directly sea, which disrupts marine life ocean. We are highly dependent on at household industrial scales. Removal lowering use hazardous plastics main challenges. Researchers industrialists have come up with many ideas lower generation found that reusability easier than degradability, bioplastics ultimate solution tackle problem. Hence, developing eco‐friendly alternative without compromising physicochemical mechanical properties need hour. An conventional petrochemical bioplastics, environmentally safe, reduce our dependency fossil reserves. Therefore, this review focuses as an efficient plastics. Among renewable sustainable feedstocks available, vegetable oils most suitable resource for bioplastic production because their renewability economical nature. study concluded polyurethane‐based polymers inherently more other © 2023 Society Industrial Chemistry.

Language: Английский

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Where the rubber meets the road: Emerging environmental impacts of tire wear particles and their chemical cocktails

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 927, P. 171153 - 171153

Published: March 7, 2024

About 3 billion new tires are produced each year and about 800 million become waste annually. Global dependence upon from natural rubber petroleum-based compounds represents a persistent complex environmental problem with only partial often-times, ineffective solutions. Tire emissions may be in the form of whole tires, tire particles, chemical compounds, which is transported through various atmospheric, terrestrial, aquatic routes built environments. Production use generates multiple heavy metals, plastics, PAH's, other that can toxic alone or as cocktails. Used require storage space, energy intensive to recycle, generally have few post-wear uses not also potential sources pollutants (e.g., crumb rubber, pavements, burning). particles emitted during major component microplastics urban runoff source unique highly potent substances. Thus, represent ubiquitous pollutant requires comprehensive examination develop effective management remediation. We approach issue pollution holistically by examining life cycle across production, emissions, recycling, disposal. In this paper, we synthesize recent research data human health risks associated use, disposal discuss gaps our knowledge fate transport, well toxicology leachates. examine remediation approaches for addressing exposure tires. consider three levels: their state, particulates, mixture Finally, information understanding outline key questions improve ability manage remediate pollution.

Language: Английский

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Identification and quantification of tire wear particles by employing different cross-validation techniques: FTIR-ATR Micro-FTIR, Pyr-GC/MS, and SEM

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 326, P. 121511 - 121511

Published: March 24, 2023

Tire wear particles (TWPs) are one of the environment's most important emission sources microplastics. In this work, chemical identification these was carried out in highway stormwater runoff through cross-validation techniques for first time. Optimization a pre-treatment method (i.e., extraction and purification) provided to extract TWPs, avoiding their degradation denaturation, prevent getting low recognizable consequently underestimates quantification. Specific markers were used TWPs comparing real samples reference materials via FTIR-ATR, Micro-FTIR, Pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). Quantification Micro-FTIR (microscopic counting); abundance ranged from 220,371 ± 651 TWPs/L 358,915 831 TWPs/L, while higher mass 39,6 9 mg lowest 31,0 8 TWPs/L. Most analyzed less than 100 μm size. The sizes also confirmed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), including presence potential nano samples. Elemental analysis SEM supported that complex mixture heterogeneous composition characterizes by agglomerating organic inorganic could derive brake road wear, pavement, dust, asphalts, construction work. Due analytical lack knowledge about quantification scientific literature, study significantly contributes providing novel methodology emerging contaminants runoff. results highlight uttermost necessity employ techniques, i.e., Pyr-GC/MS, environmental

Language: Английский

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Analytical challenges and possibilities for the quantification of tire-road wear particles

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 117121 - 117121

Published: June 10, 2023

As one of the largest sources microplastic particle emissions, tire-road wear mixtures (TRWPs) pose a potentially high threat to various environmental compartments. Their heterogenous properties, from varying size, density, shape, texture, elemental and chemical composition, cause challenging analytical workflows. Current methods for TRWP can be summarized in two main groups: single-particle-based bulk-based methods. Both groups include large variation methods, with different demands sampling sample pre-treatment, possible outputs. This review provides an overview current used studies particularly quantifications, focus on that have been peer-reviewed tested samples. The presents possibilities limitations approaches, as well highlighting gaps knowledge information needed move this research field forward.

Language: Английский

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Contribution of Road Vehicle Tyre Wear to Microplastics and Ambient Air Pollution

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 522 - 522

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

Tyre particles are generated by shear forces between the tread and road or volatilisation. abrasion (wear) contributes from one-third to half of microplastics unintentionally released into environment. The major part ends up in soil, a considerable amount is aquatic environment, small percentage becomes airborne. Nevertheless, tyre 5–30% transport particulate matter (PM) emissions. This corresponds approximately 5% total ambient PM particle mass size distribution peak at around 20 100 μm, with second 2–10 μm range. A nucleation mode has been reported some studies. absolute levels depend on tyre, vehicle, characteristics, but also environmental conditions driving style. Most emission factors literature based data prior year 2000. We aggregated recent studies found mean 110 mg/km per vehicle 68 mg/km/t for passenger cars (based 300 measurements). Based limited number studies, PM10 emissions were 1.4–2.2 tyre. On other hand, order 1010 #/km ratio was be 2.5% average. Finally, PM2.5 calculated 40%. Various mitigation measures pollution could envisaged; most direct limitation rate, as proposed European Commission Euro 7 regulation. Other regulatory initiatives discussed.

Language: Английский

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Internalization, reduced growth, and behavioral effects following exposure to micro and nano tire particles in two estuarine indicator species

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 296, P. 133934 - 133934

Published: Feb. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Classification and Characterization of Tire-Road Wear Particles in Road Dust by Density

Polymers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1005 - 1005

Published: March 2, 2022

Tire treads are abraded by friction with the road surface, producing tire tread wear particles (TWPs). TWPs combined other on such as (RWPs) and mineral (MPs), forming tire-road (TRWPs). Dust an asphalt pavement is composed of various components TRWPs, (APWPs), MPs, plant-related (PRPs), so on. TRWPs have been considered one major contaminants produced driving their properties important for study real abrasion behaviors during well environmental contamination. Densities totally dependent amount deposited in TWPs. In this study, a classification method dust was developed using density separation classified were characterized image analysis pyrolytic technique. Chloroform used to remove APWPs from mixture APWPs. found range 1.20-1.70 g/cm3. By decreasing particle size dust, TRWP content increased its slightly tended increase. Aspect ratios varied there many low aspect ratio below 2.0. The 1.2-5.2. Rubber compositions be mainly NR/SBR biblend or NR/BR/SBR triblend.

Language: Английский

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Refinement of a microfurnace pyrolysis-GC–MS method for quantification of tire and road wear particles (TRWP) in sediment and solid matrices

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 874, P. 162305 - 162305

Published: Feb. 18, 2023

Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) are produced by abrasion at the interface of pavement tread surface contain rubber with mineral encrustations. Quantitative thermoanalytical methods capable estimating TRWP concentrations needed to assess prevalence environmental fate these particles. However, presence complex organic constituents in sediment other samples presents a challenge reliable determination using current pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) methodologies. We unaware published study evaluating pretreatment method refinements for microfurnace Py-GC-MS analysis elastomeric polymers including polymer-specific deuterated internal standards as specified ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) 20593:2017 ISO/TS 21396:2017. Thus, potential were evaluated Py-GC-MS, chromatography parameter modification, chemical pretreatment, thermal desorption cryogenically-milled tire (CMTT) an artificial matrix field sample. The dimer markers used quantification 4-vinylcyclohexene (4-VCH), marker styrene-butadiene (SBR) butadiene (BR), 4-phenylcyclohexene (4-PCH), SBR, dipentene (DP), natural (NR) or isoprene. resultant modifications included optimization GC temperature mass analyzer settings, along sample potassium hydroxide (KOH) desorption. Peak resolution was improved while minimizing interferences overall accuracy precision consistent those typically observed analysis. initial detection limit approximately 180 mg/kg 10 mg A retained suspended solids also analyzed illustrate applicability towards These should help encourage adoption pyrolysis techniques mass-based measurements both near distant from roadways.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics and Tire Wear Particles in Urban Stormwater: Abundance, Characteristics, and Potential Mitigation Strategies

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(34), P. 12829 - 12837

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Stormwater has been identified as a pathway for microplastics (MPs), including tire wear particles (TWPs), into aquatic habitats. Our knowledge of the abundance MPs in urban stormwater and potential strategies to control is still limited. In this study, samples were collected from microlitter capture devices (inlet outlet) during rain events. Sediment material captured device inlet outlet constructed wetland. MP (>25 μm) concentration varied across different locations ranging 3.8 59 MPs/L raw 1.8 32 treated stormwater, demonstrating decrease after passage through (35-88% removal). TWPs comprised ∼95% all particles, followed by polypropylene (PP) poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The ranged 2.5 58 TWPs/L 1450 4740 TWPs/kg sediment, respectively. A higher was found sediment at wetland compared outlet, indicating role wetlands removing stormwater. These findings suggest that both can mitigate transport receiving waterways.

Language: Английский

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