The impact of trained immunity in respiratory viral infections DOI
Jocelyne Piret, Guy Boivin

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Epidemic peaks of respiratory viruses that co‐circulate during the winter‐spring seasons can be synchronous or asynchronous. The occurrence temporal patterns in epidemics caused by some suggests they could negatively interact with each other. These negative interactions may result from a programme innate immune memory, known as trained immunity, which confer broad protective effects against viruses. It is suggested stimulation cells vaccine pathogen induce their long‐term functional reprogramming through an interplay between metabolic and epigenetic changes, influence transcriptional response to secondary challenge. During coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, circulation most was prevented non‐pharmacological interventions then resumed at unusual periods once sanitary measures were lifted. With time, should find again own ecological niches. This transition period provides opportunity study population level.

Language: Английский

Detection of Hemagglutinin H5 Influenza A Virus Sequence in Municipal Wastewater Solids at Wastewater Treatment Plants with Increases in Influenza A in Spring, 2024 DOI Creative Commons
Marlene K. Wolfe,

Dorothea Duong,

Bridgette Shelden

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 526 - 532

Published: May 20, 2024

Prospective influenza A (IAV) RNA monitoring at 190 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) across the US identified increases in IAV concentrations 59 spring 2024, after typical seasonal period, coincident with identification of highly pathogenic avian (subtype H5N1) circulating dairy cattle US. We developed and validated a hydrolysis-probe RT-PCR assay for quantification H5 hemagglutinin gene. applied it retrospectively to samples from four WWTPs where springtime were one WWTP they not. The marker was detected all coinciding not without an increase. Positive are located states confirmed outbreaks influenza, H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, cattle. Concentrations gene approached overall virus concentrations, suggesting large fraction inputs subtypes. At positive WWTPs, industrial discharges containing animal waste, including milk byproducts, permitted discharge into sewers. Our findings demonstrate that can detect animal-associated contributions highlight need consider agricultural wastewater. This work illustrates monitoring's value comprehensive surveillance, influenzas currently thought be primarily found animals important implications human health.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Key considerations for pathogen surveillance in wastewater DOI Creative Commons
Ananda Tiwari, Elena Radu, Norbert Kreuzinger

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 945, P. 173862 - 173862

Published: June 12, 2024

Wastewater surveillance (WWS) has received significant attention as a rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective tool for monitoring various pathogens in community. WWS is employed to assess the spatial temporal trends of diseases identify their early appearances reappearances, well detect novel mutated variants. However, shedding rates vary significantly depending on factors such disease severity, physiology affected individuals, characteristics pathogen. Furthermore, may exhibit differential fate decay kinetics sewerage system. Variable affect detection wastewater. This influence interpretation results conclusions studies. When selecting pathogen WWS, it essential consider it's specific characteristics. If data are not readily available, fate, decay, should be assessed before conducting surveillance. Alternatively, these can compared those similar which available.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Observations of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Nucleic Acids in Wastewater Solids Across the United States in the 2022–2023 Season: Relationships with RSV Infection Positivity and Hospitalization Rates DOI Creative Commons
Alessandro Zulli, Meri R.J. Varkila, Julie Parsonnet

et al.

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 1657 - 1667

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory illness and hospitalization, but clinical surveillance detects only minority cases. Wastewater could determine the onset extent RSV circulation in absence sensitive case detection, to date, studies wastewater are few. We measured RNA concentrations solids from 176 sites during 2022–2023 season compared those publicly available infection positivity hospitalization rates. Concentrations ranged undetectable 107 copies per gram. concentration aggregated at state national levels correlated with was determined using both rates independent algorithms for 14 states where data were start season. In 4 states, identified same week; 3 preceded onset, 7 occurred after onset. generally peaked week as peaked. Differences peaks versus may reflect inherent differences approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Solid–liquid partitioning of dengue, West Nile, Zika, hepatitis A, influenza A, and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in wastewater from across the USA DOI Creative Commons
Laura Roldan-Hernandez, Camila Van Oost, Alexandria B. Boehm

et al.

Environmental Science Water Research & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Limited information is available on the fate of respiratory and arthropod-borne viruses in wastewater.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Cocirculation and coinfection of multiple respiratory viruses during autumn and winter seasons of 2023 in Beijing, China: A retrospective study DOI Creative Commons
Yi Li, Jinhan Yu, Yao Wang

et al.

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract China experienced severe epidemics of multiple respiratory pathogens in 2023 after lifting “Zero‐COVID” policy. The present study aims to investigate the changing circulation and infection patterns 2023. 160 436 laboratory results influenza virus syncytial (RSV) from February 2020 December 2023, acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) June Mycoplasma pneumoniae , adenovirus, human rhinovirus January were analyzed. We observed alternating SARS‐CoV‐2 A (IAV), as well out‐of‐season epidemic RSV during spring summer Cocirculation was autumn winter susceptible age range this (10.5, interquartile [IQR]: 5–30) significantly higher than previously (4, IQR: 3–34). coinfection rate IAV (0.695%) that last cocirculation period (0.027%) ( p < 0.001). Similar trend also found SARS‐CoV‐2. pathogens, population, increasing rates Beijing, China.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Epidemiological surveillance and incidence of respiratory viruses in Chile: Before and after COVID 19 DOI Open Access
Nicolás Pacheco, Alejandro A. Hidalgo, Gabriel I. Krüger

et al.

Infectio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 68 - 76

Published: April 4, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Beyond COVID-19: Wastewater-based epidemiology for multipathogen surveillance and normalization strategies DOI Creative Commons
Bikash Malla, Sadhana Shrestha, Niva Sthapit

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 946, P. 174419 - 174419

Published: July 2, 2024

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a critical tool for monitoring community health. Although much attention has focused on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causative agent of disease 2019 (COVID-19), other pathogens also pose significant health risks. This study quantified the presence SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus (Inf-A), and noroviruses genogroups I (NoV-GI) II (NoV-GII) in wastewater samples collected weekly (n = 170) from July 2023 to February 2024 five treatment plants (WWTPs) Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, by quantitative PCR. Inf-A RNA exhibited localized prevalence with positive ratios 59 %–82 % different WWTPs, suggesting regional outbreaks within specific areas. NoV-GI (94 %, 160/170) NoV-GII (100 170/170) were highly prevalent, (6.1 ± 0.8 log10 copies/L) consistently exceeding (5.4 0.7 concentrations. SARS-CoV-2 was detected 100 samples, mean concentrations 5.3 0.5 copies/L WWTP E 5.8 0.4 each WWTPs. Seasonal variability evident, higher all pathogenic viruses during winter. Non-normalized normalized fecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli total coliforms), an (pepper mild mottle (PMMoV)), turbidity revealed associations reported cases. + GII showed strong correlations gastroenteritis cases, particularly when E. (Spearman's ρ 0.70–0.81) coliforms (ρ 0.70–0.81), respectively. For non-normalized correlation 0.61, decreasing 0.31 PMMoV, that PMMoV unsuitable. Turbidity normalization yielded suboptimal results. underscored importance selecting suitable parameters tailored accurate trend using WBE, demonstrating its utility beyond COVID-19 surveillance.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Human pathogen nucleic acids in wastewater solids from 191 wastewater treatment plants in the United States DOI Creative Commons
Alexandria B. Boehm, Marlene K. Wolfe, Amanda L. Bidwell

et al.

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

We measured concentrations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants, influenza A B viruses, syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, enterovirus D68, parainfluenza types 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b in aggregate, norovirus genotype II, rotavirus, Candida auris, hepatitis adenovirus, mpox H5 pepper mild mottle virus nucleic acids wastewater solids prospectively at 191 treatment plants 40 states across the United States plus Washington DC. Measurements were made two to seven times per week from 1 January 2022 30 June 2024, depending on plant staff availability. using droplet digital (reverse-transcription-) polymerase chain reaction (ddRT-PCR) following best practices for making environmental molecular biology measurements. These data can be used better understand disease occurrence communities contributing wastewater.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
High-resolution and real-time wastewater viral surveillance by Nanopore sequencing DOI
Xiaoqing Xu, Yu Deng, Jiahui Ding

et al.

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 256, P. 121623 - 121623

Published: April 16, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Children’s Hospital Resource Utilization During the 2022 Viral Respiratory Surge DOI
Kenneth A. Michelson, Sriram Ramgopal, Larry K. Kociolek

et al.

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154(1)

Published: June 13, 2024

OBJECTIVES Multiple viral respiratory epidemics occurred concurrently in 2022 but their true extent is unclear. To aid future surge planning efforts, we compared epidemiology and resource utilization with prepandemic seasons 38 US children’s hospitals. METHODS We performed a serial cross-sectional study from October 2017 to March 2023. counted daily emergency department (ED), inpatient, ICU volumes; surgeries; tests performed; the proportion of ED visits resulting revisit within 3 days; hospitalizations 30-day readmission. evaluated seasonal peaks using hierarchical Poisson models. RESULTS Peak volumes season were 4% lower (95% confidence interval [CI] −6 −2) ED, not significantly different inpatient unit (−1%, 95% CI −4 2), 8% −14 −3) each hospital’s previous peak season. However, for 18 hospitals, highest 2022. The was longer duration than (P &lt; .02). surgeries decreased by 15% −20 −9) peaks. Viral increased 75% 69–82) Revisits readmissions lowest CONCLUSIONS earlier seasons, half hospitals reached volumes. Research on how surges impact boarding, transfer refusals, patient outcomes needed as regionalization reduces pediatric capacity.

Language: Английский

Citations

5