Unravelling the Multi-Enzymatic Activity of Platinum Nanoparticles DOI
Laura Cursi, Giulia Mirra, Luca Boselli

et al.

Published: Oct. 22, 2023

Nanozymes are a new class of nanomaterials that can mimic the activity some natural enzymes. [1] Thanks to their versatility, robustness, low manufacturing costs, and long shelf life, which make them easier handle compared counterparts, nanozymes have been widely applied in clinical diagnostic, wastewater pollutant remediation, proposed as antimicrobial, environmental treatments, anticancer agents, etc. [2] Although effect nanozymes' on substrates is similar enzymes, catalytic mechanisms drastically different, usually suffer for lower specificity activity. [3] These aspects often overlooked literature, point dominated field last decade oxidase- (OX) peroxidase-like (POD) activities, such cerium iron oxide nanoparticles, recently questioned catalysts due very efficiency. [4], [5] Thus, studies aiming clarify real advantages drawbacks respect counterparts strongly demanded field, especially emerging nanomaterials.Recently, possessing multi-enzymatic emerged. [6] Among them, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs), displaying OX, POD, catalase-like (CAT) gaining momentum, nanomedicine reactive oxygen species scavenging, [7] antioxidant detection, [8] antimicrobial. [9] Nevertheless, there still much disclose concerning PtNPs enzyme-like how these affected by parameters. Most topic based computational calculations, with little, if any, [10] experimental validation, performed alloys rather than pure nanoparticles. [11] The lack in-depth knowledge this regard hinders development PtNP applications current understanding biological behavior.In work, we an systematic study investigating three known oxidoreductase-like activities function different chemical physical parameters, varying pH, temperature, buffer media, substrates. We observed generally more active at acidic increases temperature. Interestingly, CAT-like was found be dependent composition, while dependency less marked OX- POD-like activities. Different colorimetric assays were commonly used test Surprisingly, most easily produce misleading results, instability chromogenic probes conditions, or because solvents, employed solubilize substrates, even commercial kits, interfere Furthermore, sort substrate selectivity nanozyme observed, related affinity surface PtNPs.In second part study, Pt enzymes: mammal catalase activity, fungal laccase OX-like horseradish peroxidase (HRP) To compare its calculated turnover frequency (TOF) same while, recyclability catalysts, number (TON). Despite differences mechanisms, comparable one enzymes higher harsh where, contrary, become inactive.In investigated underlying properties. Utilizing detection reagents high specific radicals, determined hydroxyl radical main player CAT- dissolved concentration. actually deeply interconnected and, although they occur simultaneously, favored over others tuning relative concentration catalyst.In summary, present provides comprehensive characterization multi-enzyme important insights pivotal interest implementation Pt-based sensing applications.

Language: Английский

Research progress of nanozymes in colorimetric biosensing: Classification, activity and application DOI

Luyu Yang,

Xiaoyun Xu, Yang Song

et al.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 487, P. 150612 - 150612

Published: March 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Metrology of Platinum Nanozymes: Mechanistic Insights and Analytical Issues DOI
Lorenzo Cursi, Giulia Mirra, Luca Boselli

et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(24)

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Abstract Thanks to their properties, stability, and multifunctionality, nanozymes are increasingly impacting several fields, including medicine, diagnostics, environmental science. However, clear information about catalytic properties mechanisms is still lacking. Several critical issues currently under discussions, such as the absence of univocally accepted mechanisms, standardized protocols for directly comparing versus enzymes, a comprehensive characterization performance in different chemical/biological environments. All these strongly limit advancement field. Herein, metrology analysis both methodological procedures attempted, taking platinum case study thanks multifunctional features. The oxidoreductase activities Pt‐nanozymes (i.e., peroxidase‐, oxidase‐, catalase‐like reactions) critically investigated physical/chemical environments, clarifying fundamental aspects providing general guidelines nanozyme characterization. Furthermore, PtNP compared with natural enzymes conditions, behavior evaluated by calculating turnover frequency (TOF) normalization strategies. results highlight that efficient catalysts, exhibiting outstanding activity. This work clarifies key points concerning Pt‐nanozyme metrological issues, workflow can become reference characterizations.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Hypoxia-tropic delivery of nanozymes targeting transferrin receptor 1 for nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy sensitization DOI Creative Commons
Ruofei Zhang, Yanfang Shen, Xiaoying Zhou

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a malignancy highly prevalent in East and Southeast Asia, is primarily treated with radiotherapy (RT). However, hypoxia-induced radioresistance presents significant challenge. Nanozymes, nanomaterials catalase-like activity, have emerged as promising strategy for radiosensitization by converting elevated hydrogen peroxide the tumor microenvironment into oxygen. Despite their potential, effectively targeting hypoxic lesions has been difficult. Here, we identify transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) an upregulated target NPC, its expression levels positively correlated hypoxia. Human heavy-chain ferritin, specific ligand of TfR1, selectively recognizes NPC preclinical models. Based on these findings, design hypoxia-targeted nanozyme loading platinum nanoparticles ferritin. This exhibits enhanced activity alleviates hypoxia xenografts. When combined RT, single injection significantly inhibits growth prolongs mouse survival, outperforming sodium glycididazole, clinically used radiosensitizer. In summary, our findings highlight TfR1 accessible cell surface lesions. The holds promise enhancing therapeutic effectiveness RT through situ oxygen-generation mechanism. Transferrin shown to be nasopharyngeal (NPC). Here authors report that can targeted using ferritin nanozymes.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Anti-inflammatory potential of platinum nanozymes: mechanisms and perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Giuseppe Bardi, Luca Boselli, Pier Paolo Pompa

et al.

Nanoscale, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(35), P. 14284 - 14300

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

PtNPs hold great potential as anti-inflammatory agents, regulating the ROS-mediated recruitment and activation of immune system components.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Platinum Nanozymes Counteract Photoreceptor Degeneration and Retina Inflammation in a Light-Damage Model of Age-Related Macular Degeneration DOI Creative Commons
Sara Cupini, Stefano Di Marco, Luca Boselli

et al.

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(22), P. 22800 - 22820

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

Degeneration of photoreceptors in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with oxidative stress due to the intense aerobic metabolism rods and cones that if not properly counterbalanced by endogenous antioxidant mechanisms can precipitate photoreceptor degeneration. In spite being a priority eye disease for its high incidence elderly, no effective treatments AMD exist. While systemic administration antioxidants has been unsuccessful slowing down degeneration, locally administered rare-earth nanoparticles were shown be preventing retinal photo-oxidative damage. However, because inherent problems dispersion biological media, limited power, short lifetimes, these NPs are still confined preclinical stage. Here we propose platinum (PtNPs), potent nanozymes, as therapeutic tool AMD. PtNPs exhibit catalytic activity at minimal concentrations protect primary neurons against insults ensuing apoptosis. We tested efficacy intravitreally injected or mitigating light damage produced dark-reared albino Sprague–Dawley rats vivo electroretinography (ERG) ex retina morphology electrophysiology. found both preventive postlesional increased amplitude ERG responses stimuli. Ex recordings demonstrated selective preservation ON ganglion cell stimulation lesioned retinas treated PtNPs. after significantly preserved number inhibited inflammatory response while treatment had milder effect. The data indicate effectively break vicious cycle linking stress, inflammation exerting anti-inflammatory actions. survival visual performances degenerated retinas, together their biocompatibility, make potential strategy cure

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Nanozymes for Treating Ocular Diseases DOI
Ka‐Ying Wong, Man‐Sau Wong, Juewen Liu

et al.

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 13, 2024

Nanozymes, characterized by their nanoscale size and enzyme-like catalytic activities, exhibit diverse therapeutic potentials, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic effects. These properties make them highly valuable in nanomedicine, particularly ocular therapy, bypassing the need for systemic delivery. Nanozymes show significant promise tackling multi-factored diseases, those influenced oxidation inflammation, like dry eye disease, age-related macular degeneration. Their small size, coupled with ease of modification integration into soft materials, facilitates effective penetration barriers, thereby enabling targeted or prolonged therapy within eye. This review is dedicated to exploring diseases that are intricately linked shedding light on role nanozymes managing these conditions. Additionally, recent studies elucidating advanced applications therapeutics, along materials disease management, discussed. Finally, this outlines directions future investigations aimed at bridging gap between nanozyme research clinical applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Sources of biases in the in vitro testing of nanomaterials: the role of the biomolecular corona DOI Creative Commons
Valentina Castagnola, Valeria Tomati, Luca Boselli

et al.

Nanoscale Horizons, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 799 - 816

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

A comparative journey into biomolecular corona features involving proteomics, lipidomics, high throughput in vitro screening, and molecular feature analysis to investigate the vivo / bias for nanomaterials testing biology.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Nanotechnology for vision restoration DOI
Guglielmo Lanzani, Greta Chiaravalli, Elisabetta Colombo

et al.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(10), P. 829 - 848

Published: July 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Regulator of oxidative balance: Research progress of nanozymes in ROS-related diseases DOI
Xiang Wang, Zidong Wang, Siyuan Hu

et al.

Materials Today Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 102540 - 102540

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Advances in Paper-based Colorimetric Sensors Based on Nanozymes for Point-of-Care Testing DOI

Shuang Zhou,

Xiang Mei, Shaowei Wang

et al.

Acta Chimica Sinica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 83(2), P. 170 - 170

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0