Plastic litter affected by heat or pressure: A review of current research on remoulded plastic litter

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 924, P. 171498 - 171498

Published: March 6, 2024

Pyroplastic, plastiglomerates, anthropogenic rocks, plasticrusts, pebble clasts, plastitar, plastisoil and anthropoquinas are examples of terms that have been used to describe the secondary products plastic litter melted, moulded, pressed, or cemented together with other and/or minerogenic sediments organic matter, either naturally anthropogenically. Such processes may also favor formation new geological features containing plastics, such as coastal landforms sedimentary rocks. Further research classification this is critical for understanding implications emerging contaminant well create well-targeted measures reduce it. The literature review presented includes 32 peer-reviewed articles published between 1997 June 2023, all which various burnt otherwise remoulded from around world. Based on our we propose a umbrella term different forms modified by heat pressure: Remoulded Plastic Litter (RPL). If accepted community, important steps future policy will be implement RPL into OSPAR protocol monitoring assessment marine thereby fill knowledge gaps geographic distribution RPLs their potential toxicities nature humans. It clear spans globe, however, studies in Africa, Oceania, large tracts polar regions, terrestrial areas general, scarce absent, ecotoxicological recommendations development.

Language: Английский

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Colours and microplastics: Bridging the gap between art, science and sustainability

Sustainable materials and technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e01152 - e01152

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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We need to plan streamlined environmental impact assessment for the future X-Press Pearl disasters

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 188, P. 114705 - 114705

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

The X-Press Pearl disaster illustrates the urgent needs for streamlined environmental impact assessment to inform decision making. contamination caused by is complex, and biological of different stressors, at scales, be determined. Traditional methods analyzing complex stressors are often inefficient do not reflect pollution. combination chemical impacts key based on integrated monitoring. Whole-cell bioreporters tools rapid, efficient quantitative detection bioavailability, stressor effects, toxicity pollutants, i.e., spanning a wide range applications. Here we propose view that using whole-cell bioreporter technology streamline short-term maritime disasters such as more fit-for-purpose/practical than other approaches in use.

Language: Английский

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Valoration of the Synthetic Antioxidant Tris-(Diterbutyl-Phenol)-Phosphite (Irgafos P-168) from Industrial Wastewater and Application in Polypropylene Matrices to Minimize Its Thermal Degradation

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(7), P. 3163 - 3163

Published: April 2, 2023

Industrial wastewater from petrochemical processes is an essential source of the synthetic phenolic phosphite antioxidant (Irgafos P-168), which negatively affects environment. For determination and analysis Irgafos P-168, DSC, HPLC-MS, FTIR methodologies were used. Solid phase extraction (SPE) proved to be best technique for extracting wastewater. HPLC-MS SPE determined repeatability, reproducibility, linearity method standards samples. The relative standard deviations, errors, correlation coefficients repeatability reproducibility calibration curves less than 4.4% 4.2% greater 0.99955, respectively. variance (ANOVA), using Fisher with confidence in 95% data, did not reveal significant differences between mentioned parameters. removal by showed recovery percentages higher 91.03%, chemical characterization this spectroscopy, TGA, MS it structurally same as P-168 molecule. recovered was added polypropylene matrix, significantly improving its oxidation times. An OIT analysis, performed that Irgafos-blended (PP) demonstrated oxidative degradation at 8 min. With addition Irgafos, time 13 This increases polypropylene’s useful life minimizes environmental impact

Language: Английский

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A new hotspot of macro-litter in the Rutland Island, South Andaman, India: menace from IORC

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(34), P. 82107 - 82123

Published: June 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Moldable plastics (polycaprolactone) can be acutely toxic to developing zebrafish and activate nuclear receptors in mammalian cells

Published: April 12, 2024

Popularized on social media, hand-moldable plastics are formed by consumers into tools, trinkets, and dental prosthetics. Despite the anticipated dermal oral contact, manufacturers share little information with about these materials. Inherent to their function, moldable pose a risk of exposure unknown leachable substances. We analyzed 12 advertised for modeling applications determined them be polycaprolactone (PCL) or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The bioactivities most popular brands each type polymer were evaluated using zebrafish embryo bioassay. Both products sold as microplastic-sized resin pellets. While water-borne TPU pellets did not affect targeted developmental endpoints at any concentration tested, PCL acutely toxic above 1 pellet/mL. Aqueous leachates demonstrated similar toxicity. Methanolic extracts from assayed bioactivity Attagene FACTORIAL platform. Of 69 measured endpoints, activated nuclear receptors transcription factors xenobiotic metabolism (pregnane X receptor, PXR), lipid (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, PPARg), oxidative stress (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2, NRF2). By non-targeted high-resolution comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC-HRT), we tentatively identified several compounds in methanolic extracts, including oligomers, phenolic antioxidant, residues suspected anti-hydrolysis crosslinking additives. In follow-up bioassay, because its stated high purity, biomedical grade was tested mitigate confounding effects due chemical additives pellets; it elicited comparable acute From orthogonal complementary experiments, suggest that toxicity oligomers nanoplastics released rather than These results challenge perceived assumed inertness highlight multiple sources

Language: Английский

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Burnt plastic (pyroplastic) from the M/V X-Press Pearl ship fire and plastic spill contain compounds that activate endocrine and metabolism-related human and fish transcription factors

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

In May 2021, the M/V X-Press Pearl ship fire disaster led to largest maritime spill of resin pellets (nurdles) and burnt plastic (pyroplastic). Field samples collected from beaches in Sri Lanka nearest comprised nurdles pieces pyroplastic. Three years later, toxicity spilled material remains unresolved. To begin understanding its potential toxicity, solvent extracts pyroplastic were screened for their bioactivity by several Attagene FACTORIAL bioassays (TF, NR, AquaTox), which measured activity a combined 70 human transcription factor response elements nuclear receptors 6-7 each three phylogenetically distinct fish species. Extracts pyroplastics robustly activated end points aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), estrogen (ER), pregnane X (PXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPAR), retinoid (RXR), oxidative stress (NRF2), others. This profile was most similar (similarity score = 0.96) that probable carcinogens benzo[b]fluoranthene benzo[k]fluoranthene despite being complex mixture thousands compounds. The diminished only slightly eight months after spill. AquaTox bioassay activation ERa, ERb, androgen (AR), PPARa, PPARy, RXRb human, zebrafish (Danio rerio), Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), revealing species-specific sensitivities chemicals associated with pyroplastics. These findings provide needed information guide long-term monitoring efforts, make hazard assessments material, direct further research on pyroplastic, an emerging global contaminant.

Language: Английский

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Burnt Plastic (Pyroplastic) from the M/V X-Press Pearl Ship Fire and Plastic Spill Contain Compounds That Activate Endocrine and Metabolism-Related Human and Fish Transcription Factors

Environment & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 91 - 101

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

In May 2021, the M/V X-Press Pearl ship fire disaster led to largest maritime spill of resin pellets (nurdles) and burnt plastic (pyroplastic). Field samples collected from beaches in Sri Lanka nearest comprised nurdles pieces pyroplastic. Three years later, toxicity spilled material remains unresolved. To begin understanding its potential toxicity, solvent extracts pyroplastic were screened for their bioactivity by several Attagene FACTORIAL bioassays (TF, NR, AquaTox), which measured activity a combined 70 human transcription factor response elements nuclear receptors 6 7 each three phylogenetically distinct fish species. Extracts pyroplastics robustly activated end points aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), estrogen (ER), pregnane X (PXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPAR), retinoid (RXR), oxidative stress (NRF2) had activation others. The profile was most similar (similarity score = 0.96) that probable carcinogens benzo[b]fluoranthene benzo[k]fluoranthene despite being complex mixture thousands compounds. diminished only slightly eight months after spill. AquaTox bioassay ERα, ERβ, androgen (AR), PPARα, PPARγ, RXRβ human, zebrafish (Danio rerio), Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), revealing species-specific sensitivities chemicals associated with pyroplastics. These findings provide needed information guide long-term monitoring efforts, make hazard assessments material, direct further research on pyroplastic, an emerging global contaminant.

Language: Английский

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Plastic pollution and marine mussels: Unravelling disparities in research efforts, biological effects and influences of global warming

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 959, P. 178078 - 178078

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

The ever-growing contamination of the environment by plastics is a major scientific and societal concern.Specifically, study microplastics (1 µm to 5 mm), nanoplastics (< 1 µm), their leachates critical research area as they have potential cause detrimental effects, especially when impact key ecological species.Marine mussels, ecosystem engineers filter feeders, are particularly vulnerable this type pollution.In study, we reviewed 106 articles that focus on impacts plastic pollution marine mussels.First, examined efforts in terms characteristics (size, polymer, shape, leachates) exposure conditions (concentration, duration, species, life stages, internal factors), disparities, environmental relevance.Then, provided an overview effects mussels at each organisational levels, from smaller scales (molecular, cellular, tissue organ impacts) organism level (functional, physiological, behavioural well larger-scale implications (associated community impacts).We finally discussed limited available multistressor studies involving plastics, relation temperature stress.We identified underestimated factor could shape proposed roadmap for future address combined effects.This review also highlights multiple levels emphasises strong disparities effort need more holistic research, notably through consideration stressors, with specific which likely become increasingly relevant forcing era global warming.By identifying gaps current knowledge, advocate coordinated interdisciplinary international collaborations raise awareness coherence choice implementation experimental protocols.

Language: Английский

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Attribute Agenda Building in An Environmental Crisis: News Coverage of MV X-Press Pearl Ship Incident in Sri Lanka

International Journal of Media and Communication Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 26 - 39

Published: July 28, 2024

This study investigated the building of attribute agenda an environmental crisis, taking MV X-Press Pearl shipwreck incident as a case study. English weekend newspapers for year since were used content analysis to identify information subsidies and their respective agendas. An framework was developed based on Results indicated that governmental bodies unrelated environment most frequently cited sources, followed by experts local non-governmental organizations/ industries. Conversely, public least source. Environmental damage emphasized attribute, law agreements prevention. However, policy reported attribute. Considering correlation between sources attributes, Marine Protection Authority highlighted mitigation agenda, while non related prevention agenda. Policymakers focused getting compensation, Experts prioritized damage. The evidence found further strengthening hypothesis had own attributes in media reports. delves into practical implications building, which can influence outlets. It suggests strategic communication planning, aligning coverage with objectives, collaborating advocacy groups. understanding informs decision-making, promotes balanced coverage, enhances engagement. is important additionally take account process establish future research.

Language: Английский

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