Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)
Published: April 15, 2025
Language: Английский
Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1615 - 1615
Published: Nov. 15, 2023
Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine, saving countless lives since their discovery in the early 20th century. However, origin of antibiotics is now overshadowed by alarming rise antibiotic resistance. This global crisis stems from relentless adaptability microorganisms, driven misuse and overuse antibiotics. article explores subsequent emergence It delves into mechanisms employed bacteria to develop resistance, highlighting dire consequences drug including compromised patient care, increased mortality rates, escalating healthcare costs. The elucidates latest strategies against drug-resistant encompassing innovative approaches such as phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, exploration natural compounds. Moreover, it examines profound impact resistance on development, rendering pursuit new economically challenging. limitations challenges developing novel are discussed, along with hurdles regulatory process that hinder progress this critical field. Proposals for modifying facilitate development presented. withdrawal major pharmaceutical firms research examined, potential re-engage interest. also outlines initiatives overcome economic incentivize emphasizing international collaborations partnerships. Finally, sheds light government-led a specific focus Middle East. discusses proactive measures taken governments region, Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates, combat threat. In face multifaceted approach imperative. provides valuable insights complex landscape challenges, collaborative efforts required ensure future where remain effective tools safeguarding public health.
Language: Английский
Citations
299
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: April 4, 2024
The dissemination of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. This review provides comprehensive update on the diverse mechanisms employed by E. developing antibiotics. We primarily focus pathotypes (e.g., uropathogenic ) and investigate genetic determinants molecular pathways that confer resistance, shedding light both well-characterized recently discovered mechanisms. most prevalent mechanism continues be acquisition genes through horizontal gene transfer, facilitated mobile elements such as plasmids transposons. discuss role extended-spectrum β -lactamases (ESBLs) carbapenemases conferring -lactam antibiotics, which remain vital clinical practice. covers key resistant mechanisms, including: 1) Efflux pumps porin mutations mediate broad spectrum including fluoroquinolones aminoglycosides; 2) adaptive strategies , biofilm formation, persister cell activation stress response systems, withstand pressure; 3) regulatory systems coordinating providing insights into potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Understanding intricate network is crucial development effective combat this growing crisis. By clarifying these we aim pave way design innovative approaches implementation prudent stewardship practices preserve efficacy current antibiotics ensure sustainable future healthcare.
Language: Английский
Citations
40
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2655 - 2655
Published: Feb. 24, 2024
One of the key mechanisms enabling bacterial cells to create biofilms and regulate crucial life functions in a global highly synchronized way is communication system called quorum sensing (QS). QS cell-to-cell process that depends on population density mediated by small signalling molecules autoinducers (AIs). In bacteria, controls biofilm formation through regulation gene expression involved extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) synthesis, virulence factor production, stress tolerance metabolic adaptation. Forming one antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A common feature human pathogens ability form biofilm, which poses serious medical issue due their high susceptibility traditional antibiotics. Because associated with formation, there belief inhibition activity quenching (QQ) may provide alternative therapeutic methods for treating microbial infections. This review summarises recent progress research, focusing biofilms, especially those formed pathogenic become resistant antibiotic treatment. Subsequently, potential approach highlighting innovative non-antibiotic strategies control AMR bacteria has been discussed.
Language: Английский
Citations
27
Inorganic Chemistry Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114046 - 114046
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Tropical Medicine and Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(1)
Published: April 2, 2025
Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas system technology offers promising tool to combat AMR by targeting disabling genes WHO bacterial priority pathogens. Thus, we systematically reviewed the potential of CRISPR–Cas address AMR. Methods This systematic review adhered Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Scopus PubMed databases, focusing on publications from 2014 June 2024. Keywords included “CRISPR/Cas,” “antimicrobial resistance,” “pathogen.” The eligibility criteria required original studies involving CRISPR/Cas systems that targeted Data were extracted eligible studies, qualitatively synthesized, assessed bias Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI)-standardized tool. Results 48 revealed diverse systems, including CRISPR–Cas9, CRISPR–Cas12a, CRISPR–Cas3, various genes, such as blaOXA-232, blaNDM, blaCTX-M, ermB, vanA, mecA , fosA3 blaKPC mcr-1, which are responsible carbapenem, cephalosporin, methicillin, macrolide, vancomycin, colistin, fosfomycin resistance. Some have explored role CRISPR virulence gene suppression, enterotoxin tsst1 iutA Staphylococcus aureus Klebsiella pneumoniae . Delivery mechanisms include bacteriophages, nanoparticles, electro-transformation, conjugative plasmids, demonstrate high efficiency vitro vivo. CRISPR-based diagnostic applications demonstrated sensitivity specificity, with detection limits low 2.7 × 10 2 CFU/mL, significantly outperforming conventional methods. Experimental reported significant reductions resistant populations complete suppression strains. Engineered phagemid particles plasmid-curing been shown eliminate IncF cured plasmids carrying vanA mcr-1 blaNDM 94% efficiency, restore antibiotic susceptibility. Gene re-sensitization strategies used susceptibility E. coli blaKPC-2-mediated carbapenem MDR bacteria. Whole-genome sequencing bioinformatics tools provided deeper insights into CRISPR-mediated defense mechanisms. Optimization enhanced gene-editing efficiencies, offering approach tackling high-priority Conclusions has across While promising, challenges optimizing vivo delivery, mitigating resistance, navigating ethical-regulatory barriers must be addressed facilitate clinical translation.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
The efficacy of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents in combating bacterial infections faces a grave peril the form resistance (AMR), an exceedingly pressing global health issue. emergence dissemination drug-resistant bacteria can be attributed to rampant overuse misuse antibiotics, leading dire consequences such as organ failure sepsis. Beyond realm individual health, pervasive specter AMR casts its ominous shadow upon economy society at large, resulting protracted hospital stays, elevated medical expenditures, diminished productivity, with particularly for vulnerable populations. It is abundantly clear that addressing this threat necessitates concerted international endeavor encompassing optimization antibiotic deployment, pursuit novel compounds therapeutic strategies, enhancement surveillance monitoring resistant strains, assurance universal access efficacious treatments. In ongoing struggle against encroaching menace, phage-based therapies, strategically tailored combat AMR, offer formidable line defense. Furthermore, alluring pathway forward development vaccines lies utilization virus-like particles (VLPs), which have demonstrated their remarkable capacity elicit robust immune response infections. VLP-based vaccinations, characterized by absence genetic material non-infectious nature, present markedly safer more stable alternative conventional immunization protocols. Encouragingly, preclinical investigations yielded promising results VLP targeting pivotal implicated crisis, including Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile. Notwithstanding undeniable potential vaccines, challenges persist, identification suitable markers vaccination prospect pathogens evolving mechanisms thwart response. Nonetheless, holds great promise relentless fight underscoring need sustained research endeavors. quest marshal potent defenses pave way visionary innovations, cutting-edge techniques incorporate RNA interference, nanomedicine, integration artificial intelligence are currently under rigorous scrutiny.
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 100906 - 100906
Published: Nov. 29, 2023
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) constitutes crucial elements within bacterial biofilms, facilitating accelerated antimicrobial resistance and conferring defense against the host's immune cells. Developing precise effective antibiofilm approaches strategies, tailored to specific characteristics of EPS composition, can offer valuable insights for creation novel drugs. This, in turn, holds potential mitigate alarming issue drug resistance. Current analysis compositions relies heavily on colorimetric with a significant bias, which is likely due selection standard compound cross-interference various compounds. Considering pivotal role biofilm functionality, it imperative research delve deeper into intricate compositions, moving beyond current focus materials. This necessitates shift from heavy reliance analytic methods more comprehensive nuanced analytical approaches. In this study, we have provided summary existing utilized characterization compositions. Additionally, strategies aimed at targeting enhance penetration were explored, highlighting limitations associated methods. Furthermore, outlined challenges faced identifying additional components propose prospective plan address these challenges. review has guide future researchers search compounds capable suppressing EPS, thereby inhibiting formation. insight opens up new avenue exploration domain.
Language: Английский
Citations
17
British Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81
Published: Aug. 7, 2024
The global issue of antimicrobial resistance poses significant challenges to public health. World Health Organization (WHO) has highlighted it as a major health threat, causing an estimated 700,000 deaths worldwide. Understanding the multifaceted nature antibiotic is crucial for developing effective strategies. Several physiological and biochemical mechanisms are involved in development resistance. Bacterial cells may escape bactericidal actions drugs by entering physiologically dormant state known bacterial persistence. Recent findings this field suggest that persistence can be one main sources chronic infections. tolerance developed persister could tolerate high levels antibiotics give rise offspring. These offspring attributed mechanisms, especially This review attempts shed light on persister-induced current therapeutic
Language: Английский
Citations
8
The Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 100151 - 100151
Published: Aug. 24, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Archives of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 206(6)
Published: May 28, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
6