Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 13, 2025
Micro/Nanorobots(MNRs)integrated
with
phototherapy
represent
an
emerging
approach
to
cancer
treatment
and
hold
significant
potential
for
addressing
bacterial
infections,
neurological
disorders,
cardiovascular
diseases,
related
conditions.
By
leveraging
micro/nanoscale
motor
systems
in
conjunction
phototherapy,
these
robots
enable
real-time
guidance
monitoring
of
therapeutic
processes,
improving
drug
delivery
precision
efficiency.
This
integration
not
only
enhances
the
effectiveness
but
also
minimizes
damage
surrounding
healthy
tissues.
Nevertheless,
clinical
translation
MNRs-assisted
still
faces
numerous
challenges.
In
this
review,
recent
key
developments
field
are
comprehensively
summarized,
critical
roles
applications
highlighted,
insights
into
future
directions
pathway
toward
large-scale
implementation
provided.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17(16), P. 15254 - 15276
Published: Aug. 3, 2023
Stimuli-responsive
functional
micro-/nanorobots
(srFM/Ns)
are
a
class
of
intelligent,
efficient,
and
promising
microrobots
that
can
react
to
external
stimuli
(such
as
temperature,
light,
ultrasound,
pH,
ion,
magnetic
field)
perform
designated
tasks.
Through
adaptive
transformation
into
the
corresponding
forms,
they
perfectly
match
demands
depending
on
different
applications,
which
manifest
extremely
important
roles
in
targeted
therapy,
biological
detection,
tissue
engineering,
other
fields.
Promising
srFM/Ns
be,
few
reviews
have
focused
them.
It
is
therefore
necessary
provide
an
overview
current
development
these
intelligent
clear
inspiration
for
further
this
field.
Hence,
review
summarizes
advances
stimuli-responsive
regarding
their
response
mechanism,
achieved
functions,
applications
highlight
pros
cons
stimuli.
Finally,
we
emphasize
existing
challenges
propose
possible
strategies
help
accelerate
study
field
promote
toward
actual
applications.
Progress in Materials Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
144, P. 101292 - 101292
Published: April 6, 2024
The
prevalence
of
multidrug-resistant
(MDR)
bacterial
infections
has
emerged
as
a
serious
threat
to
clinical
treatment
and
global
human
health,
become
one
the
most
important
challenges
in
therapy.
Hence,
there
is
an
urgent
need
develop
safe,
effective,
new
antibacterial
strategies
based
on
multifunctional
nanomaterials
for
accurate
detection
MDR
infections.
Chemodynamic
therapy
(CDT)
emerging
therapeutic
strategy
that
uses
Fenton/Fenton-like
metal-based
nanocatalysts
convert
hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2)
into
hydroxyl
radicals
(OH)
destroy
Despite
enormous
potential
CDT,
single
CDT
limitations
such
low
catalytic
efficacy
insufficient
production
H2O2.
In
this
regard,
can
be
combined
with
other
strategies,
photothermal
(PTT),
which
effectively
enhanced
by
PTT
heating
effect.
Thus,
rational
combination
nanoplatform
been
demonstrated
highly
efficient
achieving
better
This
review
summarizes
discusses
latest
advances
photothermal-enhanced
(PT/CDT)
infection
theranostics
well
advantages,
challenges,
future
research
directions
applications,
will
inspire
development
PT/CDT
Science Robotics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(87)
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
Micro/nanorobotic
swarms
consisting
of
numerous
tiny
building
blocks
show
great
potential
in
biomedical
applications
because
their
collective
active
delivery
ability,
enhanced
imaging
contrast,
and
environment-adaptive
capability.
However,
vivo
real-time
tracking
micro/nanorobotic
remain
a
challenge,
considering
the
limited
size
spatial-temporal
resolution
current
modalities.
Here,
we
propose
strategy
that
enables
navigation
microswarm
stagnant
flowing
blood
environments
by
using
laser
speckle
contrast
(LSCI),
featuring
full-field
imaging,
high
temporal-spatial
resolution,
noninvasiveness.
The
change
dynamic
convection
induced
can
be
quantitatively
investigated
analyzing
perfusion
unit
(PU)
distribution,
offering
an
alternative
approach
to
investigate
swarm
behavior
its
interaction
with
various
environments.
Both
surrounding
environment
were
monitored
imaged
LSCI
real
time,
images
further
analyzed
for
simultaneous
complex
vascular
system.
Moreover,
our
realized
vivo,
showing
promising
LSCI-guided
Cyborg and Bionic Systems,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Untethered
and
self-transformable
miniature
robots
are
capable
of
performing
reconfigurable
deformation
on-demand
locomotion,
which
aid
the
traversal
toward
various
lumens,
bring
revolutionary
changes
for
targeted
delivery
in
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tract.
However,
viscous
non-Newtonian
liquid
environment
plicae
gastricae
obstacles
severely
hamper
high-precision
actuation
payload
delivery.
Here,
we
developed
a
low-friction
soft
robot
by
assembly
densely
arranged
cone
structures
grafting
hydrophobic
monolayers.
The
magnetic
orientation
encoded
can
move
multiple
modes,
with
substantially
reduced
drag,
terrain
adaptability,
improved
motion
velocity
across
liquids.
Notably,
stiffness
be
reversibly
controlled
magnetically
induced
hardening,
enabling
on-site
scratching
destruction
antibiotic-ineradicable
polymeric
matrix
biofilms
low-frequency
field.
Furthermore,
magnetocaloric
effect
utilized
to
eradicate
bacteria
under
high-frequency
alternating
To
verify
potential
applications
inside
body,
clinical
imaging-guided
platforms
were
vision-based
control
robots.
show
their
high
perform
bacterial
infection
therapy
lumens
body.
Lab on a Chip,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(5), P. 1419 - 1440
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Although
developed
independently
at
the
beginning,
AI,
micro/nanorobots
and
microfluidics
have
become
more
intertwined
in
past
few
years
which
has
greatly
propelled
cutting-edge
development
fields
of
biomedical
sciences.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Abstract
Miniature
piezoelectric
robots
can
perform
various
tasks
in
narrow
spaces,
due
to
their
small
sizes
and
agile
motions.
However,
there
is
key
challenge
of
reconciling
large
load
capacity
with
motions,
which
limits
the
integration
functional
units.
In
this
work,
a
miniature
quadruped
robot
(AQPR)
inspired
by
hard‐shell
animals
proposed.
The
prominent
feature
AQPR
rigid
ring
structure,
be
utilized
achieve
its
high
stiffness;
degeneracy
different
vibration
modes
used
generate
multi‐dimensional
trajectories
at
foot,
linear
rotational
A
prototype
size
30
×
14.3
mm
3
weight
6.9
g
produced.
experimental
results
show
that
maximum
speed
255
s
−1
1265°s
,
respectively.
capacities
reach
200
(≈30
times
self‐weight).
By
using
an
impulse
signal,
resolutions
motions
0.25
µm
32.7
µrad,
Benefiting
from
size,
capacity,
resolution,
agile,
fast
speed,
shows
great
potential
for
applying
micro‐operations
such
as
large‐scale
wafer
transport
detection.
