Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 11, 2025
Introduction
mRNA
therapeutics
were
a
niche
area
in
drug
development
before
COVIDvaccines.
Now
they
are
used
vaccine
development,
for
non-viral
therapeuticgenome
editing,
vivo
chimericantigen
receptor
T
(CAR
T)
celltherapies
and
protein
replacement.
mRNAis
large,
charged,
easily
degraded
by
nucleases.
It
cannot
get
into
cells,escape
the
endosome,
be
translated
to
disease-modifying
without
adelivery
system
such
as
lipid
nanoparticles
(LNPs).
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Nov. 15, 2024
Despite
their
potential,
the
adoption
of
nanotechnology
in
therapeutics
remains
limited,
with
only
around
eighty
nanomedicines
approved
past
30
years.
This
disparity
is
partly
due
to
"one-size-fits-all"
approach
medical
design,
which
often
overlooks
patient-specific
variables
such
as
biological
sex,
genetic
ancestry,
disease
state,
environment,
and
age
that
influence
nanoparticle
behavior.
Nanoparticles
(NPs)
must
be
transported
through
systemic,
microenvironmental,
cellular
barriers
vary
across
heterogeneous
patient
populations.
Key
patient-dependent
properties
impacting
NP
delivery
include
blood
flow
rates,
body
fat
distribution,
reproductive
organ
vascularization,
hormone
protein
levels,
immune
responses,
chromosomal
differences.
Understanding
these
crucial
for
developing
effective,
nanotechnologies.
The
formation
a
corona
NPs
upon
exposure
fluids
significantly
alters
properties,
affecting
biodistribution,
pharmacokinetics,
cytotoxicity,
targeting.
dynamics
corona,
time-dependent
composition
soft
hard
coronas,
depend
on
characteristics
serum
components.
review
highlights
importance
understanding
different
backgrounds
its
implications
including
age,
state.
By
exploring
variables,
we
aim
advance
development
personalized
nanomedicine,
improving
therapeutic
efficacy
outcomes.
Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 11, 2025
Introduction
mRNA
therapeutics
were
a
niche
area
in
drug
development
before
COVIDvaccines.
Now
they
are
used
vaccine
development,
for
non-viral
therapeuticgenome
editing,
vivo
chimericantigen
receptor
T
(CAR
T)
celltherapies
and
protein
replacement.
mRNAis
large,
charged,
easily
degraded
by
nucleases.
It
cannot
get
into
cells,escape
the
endosome,
be
translated
to
disease-modifying
without
adelivery
system
such
as
lipid
nanoparticles
(LNPs).