The Potential for Extracellular Vesicles in Nanomedicine: A Review of Recent Advancements and Challenges Ahead DOI Creative Commons
Farbod Ebrahimi, Anjali Kumari, Samaneh Ghadami

et al.

Advanced Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising tools in diagnostics and therapy for chronic diseases, including cancer Alzheimer's. Small EVs, also called exosomes, are lipid-bound particles (≈30-150 nm) that play a role healthy pathophysiological interactions, intercellular communication, by transporting bioactive molecules, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Their ability to cross biological barriers, such the blood-brain barrier, makes them ideal candidates targeted therapeutic interventions. In context of exosomes can be engineered deliver active agents, small molecules siRNAs specific target cells, providing novel approach precision medicine. Moreover, show great promise repositories diagnostic biomarkers. cargo reflect physiological pathological status parent making valuable indicators disease progression response treatment. This paper presents comprehensive review application four diseases: cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative orthopedic which significantly impact global public health due their high prevalence associated morbidity mortality rates. Furthermore, potential theranostics management is highlighted. Finally, challenges with demonstrated advancing future nanomedicine applications discussed.

Language: Английский

Inhalable nanovesicles loaded with a STING agonist enhance CAR-T cell activity against solid tumors in the lung DOI Creative Commons
Tianchuan Zhu, Yuchen Xiao, Zhenxing Chen

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Suppression of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment remains a major barrier to their efficacy against solid tumors. To address this, we develop an anti-PD-L1-expressing nanovesicle loaded with STING agonist cGAMP (aPD-L1 NVs@cGAMP) remodel and thereby enhance CAR-T cell activity. Following pulmonary delivery, nanovesicles rapidly accumulate in lung selectively deliver agonists PD-L1-overexpressing via PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. This targeted delivery effectively avoids systemic inflammation poor cellular uptake that plague free agonists. Internalized trigger signaling induce interferon responses, which diminish populations such as myeloid-derived suppressor promote infiltration. Importantly, anti-PD-L1 single chain variable fragment on surface blocks PD-L1 upregulation induced prevents exhaustion. In both orthotopic cancer metastasis model, combined therapy aPD-L1 NVs@cGAMP potently inhibits growth recurrence. Therefore, is expected serve effective enhancer improve The hindered Here authors report design characterization inhalable cGAMP, showing enhanced activity models.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Surface Components and Biological Interactions of Extracellular Vesicles DOI
Jinping Wang, Kuoran Xing, Guo-Ying Zhang

et al.

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical mediators of intercellular communication, carrying bioactive cargo and displaying diverse surface components that reflect their cellular origins functions. The EV surface, composed proteins, lipids, glycocalyx elements, plays a pivotal role in targeting recipient cells, mediating biological interactions, enabling selective delivery. This review comprehensively examined the molecular architecture surfaces, linking biogenesis to functional diversity, highlights therapeutic diagnostic potential diseases such as cancer cardiovascular disorders. Additionally, we explore emerging applications EVs, including machine-learning-assisted analysis, chemical integration, cross-system combinations. also discusses some key challenges clinical translation EV-related technologies.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
M1 macrophage-derived exosomes promote intervertebral disc degeneration by enhancing nucleus pulposus cell senescence through LCN2/NF-κB signaling axis DOI Creative Commons

Chunyang Fan,

Wei Wang, Zilin Yu

et al.

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 31, 2024

Abstract Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the primary factor contributing to low back pain (LBP). Unlike elderly patients, many young IVDD patients usually have a history of trauma or long-term abnormal stress, which may lead local inflammatory reaction causing by immune cells, and ultimately accelerates degeneration. Research has shown significance M1-type macrophages in IVDD; nevertheless, precise mechanism route it influences function nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) remain unknown. Utilizing rat acupuncture model an NPC induced lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we investigated M1 macrophage-derived exosomes (M1-Exos) both vivo vitro this study. We found that M1-Exos enhanced LPS-induced senescence, increased number SA-β-gal-positive blocked cycle, promoted activation P21 P53. derived from supernatant pretreated with exosome inhibitor GW4869 reversed result vitro. RNA-seq showed Lipocalin2 (LCN2) was enriched targeted NF-κB pathway. The quantity cells significantly reduced inhibition LCN2, expression P53 NPCs decreased. same results were obtained acupuncture-induced model. In addition, LCN2 promotes type II collagen (Col-2) inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), thereby restoring equilibrium metabolism inside extracellular (ECM) vivo. pathway crucial for regulating M1-Exo-mediated senescence. After addition LPS-treated NPCs, p-p65 activity activated, while si-LCN2 treatment inhibited activity. Therefore, paper demonstrates ability deliver activates signaling pathway, exacerbates accelerating This shed new light on bring fresh approach therapy. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Application of biomimetic nanovaccines in cancer immunotherapy: A useful strategy to help combat immunotherapy resistance DOI
Zhijie Xu,

Zhou Hai-yan,

Tongfei Li

et al.

Drug Resistance Updates, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 101098 - 101098

Published: June 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Engineered extracellular vesicles for tissue repair and regeneration DOI Creative Commons
Yan Zhang, Dan Wu, Zhou Chen

et al.

Burns & Trauma, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous membrane-like secreted by living cells that involved in many physiological and pathological processes act as intermediaries of intercellular communication molecular transfer. Recent studies have shown EVs from specific sources regulate tissue repair regeneration delivering proteins, lipids, nucleic acids to target signaling molecules. Nanotechnology breakthroughs facilitated the development exploration engineered for repair. Enhancements through gene editing, surface modification, content modification further improved their therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes potential regeneration, mechanisms action, research progress regenerative medicine. highlights design logic typical examples explores prospects The aim this is provide new insights into applications, thereby expanding use

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Developing mRNA Nanomedicines with Advanced Targeting Functions DOI Creative Commons
Ji Wang, Lijun Cai, Ning Li

et al.

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

The emerging messenger RNA (mRNA) nanomedicines have sprung up for disease treatment. Developing targeted mRNA has become a thrilling research hotspot in recent years, as they can be precisely delivered to specific organs or tissues enhance efficiency and avoid side effects. Herein, we give comprehensive review on the latest progress of with targeting functions. its carriers are first described detail. Then, mechanisms passive targeting, endogenous active outlined, focus various biological barriers that may encounter during vivo delivery. Next, emphasis is placed summarizing mRNA-based organ-targeting strategies. Lastly, advantages challenges clinical translation mentioned. This expected inspire researchers this field drive further development technology.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Sensing patches for biomarker identification in skin-derived biofluids DOI
Wei Chen,

Danni Fu,

Tianyue Ma

et al.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 258, P. 116326 - 116326

Published: April 22, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Extracellular Vesicle‐Inspired Therapeutic Strategies for the COVID‐19 DOI
Ziwei Hu, Wei Wang,

Ying Lin

et al.

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(29)

Published: June 25, 2024

Emerging infectious diseases like coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) present significant challenges to global health, extensively affecting both human society and the economy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have demonstrated remarkable potential as crucial biomedical tools for COVID-19 diagnosis treatment. However, due limitations in performance titer of natural vesicles, their clinical use remains limited. Nonetheless, EV-inspired strategies are gaining increasing attention. Notably, biomimetic inspired by EVs, possess specific receptors that can act "Trojan horses," preventing virus from infecting host cells. Genetic engineering enhance these enabling them carry more receptors, significantly specificity absorbing novel coronavirus. Additionally, inherit numerous cytokine parent cells, allowing effectively mitigate "cytokine storm" adsorbing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, this strategy offers new avenues treatment emerging diseases. Herein, review systematically summarizes current applications COVID-19. The status associated with implementation also discussed. goal is provide insights into design expand application combating

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Advances in Tracing Techniques: Mapping the Trajectory of Mesenchymal Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles DOI Creative Commons
Jingqi Li, Zhaoyu Wang,

Yongchun Wei

et al.

Chemical & Biomedical Imaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 137 - 168

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Mesenchymal stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are nanoscale lipid bilayer secreted by mesenchymal stem cells. They inherit the parent cell's attributes, facilitating tissue repair and regeneration, promoting angiogenesis, modulating immune response, while offering advantages like reduced immunogenicity, straightforward administration, enhanced stability for long-term storage. These characteristics elevate MSC-EVs as highly promising in cell-free therapy with notable clinical potential. It is critical to delve into their pharmacokinetics thoroughly elucidate intracellular vivo trajectories. A detailed summary evaluation of existing tracing strategies needed establish standardized protocols. Here, we have summarized anticipated research progress various biomedical imaging techniques, including fluorescence imaging, bioluminescence nuclear (PET, SPECT), tomographic (CT, MRI), photoacoustic imaging. The challenges prospects MSC-EV strategies, particular emphasis on translation, been analyzed, solutions proposed.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Engineering Microorganisms for Cancer Immunotherapy DOI
Dingkang Liu,

Lichao Yu,

Haibo Rong

et al.

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(18)

Published: April 10, 2024

Cancer immunotherapy presents a promising approach to fight against cancer by utilizing the immune system. Recently, engineered microorganisms have emerged as potential strategy in immunotherapy. These microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses, can be designed modified using synthetic biology genetic engineering techniques target cells modulate This review delves into various microorganism-based therapies for immunotherapy, encompassing strategies enhancing efficacy while ensuring safety ethical considerations. The development of these holds immense offering innovative personalized treatments cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

3