Based
around
the
idea
of
searching
for
sustainable
alternatives
to
fossil
sources
manufacturing
fuels
and
chemical
products,
this
doctoral
thesis
addresses
development
new
catalytic
processes
centered
on
glycerol
valorization,
which
is
main
by-product
biodiesel
synthesis.In
sense,
aim
focused
using
it
as
a
carbon
source
generate
nitrogen
heterocycles
industrial
interest,
specifically,
produce
2methylpiperazine
2-methylpyrazine.However,
due
low
reactivity
severe
reaction
conditions
necessary
carry
out
transformations
towards
these
N-heterocycles,
previous
detailed
research
optimize
understand
selective
dehydration
process
hydroxyacetone
(or
acetol)
was
undertaken.Through
obtaining
intermediate
compound,
has
been
possible
develop
efficient
production
under
reasonably
moderate
conditions.In
regard,
Cu-Mg-Al
hydrotalcite
precursors
give
rise
family
materials
based
mixed
oxides
capable,
if
their
composition
adequately
optimized,
carrying
acetol
continuously
with
yields
≈40%.In
addition,
catalysts
are
stable
more
than
8
hours
operational
conditions,
showing
excellent
regeneration
capacity
reusability.In
same
way,
through
combination
characterization
studies,
interesting
mix
acid-base
redox
centers
exhibited
by
allowed
advancing
significantly
in
state
art
regarding
understanding
reaction.Hence,
verify
fundamental
role
Cu
species
and,
Cu(I)
present
catalysts,
generation
glyceraldehyde
critical
production.Similarly,
acid
catalyst
facilitate
first
adsorption
glycerol,
thus
accelerating
reaction.However,
need
achieve
higher
productivities
from
stand
chance
succeed
overall
strategy
motivated
study
second
copper
oxide
supported
different
metal
(SiO2,
Al2O3
ZrO2)
combining
Lewis
high
exposure.The
proper
selection
optimization
lead
reaching,
several
them,
60%
much
concentrations
starting
feed.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
118(4), P. 1410 - 1459
Published: Jan. 10, 2018
The
borrowing
hydrogen
(BH)
principle,
also
called
auto-transfer,
is
a
powerful
approach
which
combines
transfer
hydrogenation
(avoiding
the
direct
use
of
molecular
hydrogen)
with
one
or
more
intermediate
reactions
to
synthesize
complex
molecules
without
need
for
tedious
separation
isolation
processes.
strategy
usually
relies
on
three
steps,
(i)
dehydrogenation,
(ii)
reaction,
and
(iii)
hydrogenation,
an
excellent
well-recognized
process
from
synthetic,
economic,
environmental
point
view.
In
this
context,
objective
present
review
give
global
overview
topic
starting
those
contributions
published
prior
emergence
BH
concept
most
recent
current
research
under
term
catalysis.
Two
main
subareas
(homogeneous
heterogeneous
catalysis)
have
been
identified,
subheadings
based
source
electrophile
(alkanes,
alcohols,
amines)
considered.
Then
type
bond
being
formed
(carbon–carbon
carbon
heteroatom)
has
taken
into
account
end-up
reaction
working
in
tandem
metal-catalyzed
hydrogenation/dehydrogenation
step.
completed
advances
asymmetric
catalysis
using
strategy.
ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 7142 - 7198
Published: June 1, 2022
Borrowing
hydrogen
or
the
autotransfer
amination
is
a
powerful
approach
to
create
single
C–N
bonds,
starting
from
stable
and
readily
available
substrates:
amines
alcohols.
It
considered
as
one
of
most
atom-efficient
green
methods
synthesize
complex
amines.
Herein,
we
attempted
arrange
array
existing
data
in
comprehensive
structured
manner
determine
correlations
between
experimental
conditions
catalysis
outcome
both
within
different
groups
catalysts
defined
using
machine
analysis.
For
each
type
N-nucleophiles
(aromatic,
aliphatic,
heteroaromatic
amines,
amides),
efficient
working
were
suggested,
including
attributing
optimal
base
temperature
regime
for
metal.
ACS Omega,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
5(42), P. 27723 - 27732
Published: Oct. 19, 2020
This
paper
develops
a
methodology
for
cyclometalated
iridium
complex-catalyzed
N-alkylation
of
amines
with
alcohols
via
borrowing
hydrogen
in
the
aqueous
phase.
The
catalyst-mediated
displays
high
activity
(S/C
up
to
10,000
and
yield
96%)
ratio
amine/imine
(up
>99:1)
broad
range
substrates
46
examples)
using
water
as
green
eco-friendly
solvent.
Most
importantly,
this
transformation
is
simple,
efficient,
can
be
performed
at
gram
scale,
showcasing
its
potential
industrially
synthesizing
N-alkylamine
compounds.
ChemCatChem,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
11(16), P. 4130 - 4138
Published: April 18, 2019
Abstract
Amines
are
important
compounds
in
natural
products
and
medicines.
Specifically,
cyclopentylamine
is
one
of
the
value‐added
chemicals
widely
used
production
pesticides,
cosmetics
In
this
work,
three
Ru/Nb
2
O
5
catalysts
with
different
Nb
morphologies
were
reductive
amination
cyclopentanone
under
mild
reaction
conditions
(90
°C,
MPa
H
),
among
which
1
%Ru/Nb
−L
catalyst
exhibits
best
performance
yield
reaching
84
%.
This
catalytic
system
stable
has
not
significant
deactivation
even
after
runs
durability
test.
addition,
can
be
extended
to
a
series
aldehydes/ketones.
Further
comprehensive
characterizations
(XPS
analysis
CO‐adsorption
DRIFT)
reveal
that
electronic
effect
Ru
species
ruled
out;
instead,
activity
strongly
influenced
by
geometric
effect.
Layered
material
possesses
highest
surface
area,
resulting
dispersion,
therefore
shows
activity.
The
in‐situ
DRIFT‐MS
technique
was
also
understand
mechanism.
It
found
play
key
role
activating
carbonyl
groups.
study
illustrates
promising
application
‐Layer
synthesis
amine
provides
an
understanding
Catalysts,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(11), P. 1306 - 1306
Published: Oct. 24, 2022
In
this
review,
we
aim
to
give
an
overview
of
the
use
Borrowing
Hydrogen
(BH)
methodology
with
bio-based
alcohols.
This
only
forms
water
as
a
by-product,
thus
providing
sustainable
way
amines,
which
have
large
range
applications.
process
is
particular
interest
when
related
biomass
due
high
abundance
alcohol
functions
in
natural
compounds.
However,
compounds
often
comprise
multiple
chemical
that
can
change
reactivity
substrate.
comprehensive
comprising
both
homogeneous
and
heterogeneous
catalysts,
aims
at
summarizing
recent
advancements
amination
for
every
class
substrate,
highlighting
key
parameters
governing
their
remaining
scientific
hurdles.
Even
though
most
substrates
successfully
been
converted
into
corresponding
reaction
selectivity
functional
group
tolerance
still
need
be
improved.
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10(10), P. 3130 - 3142
Published: Jan. 1, 2019
Nanolayered
cobalt-molybdenum
sulphide
(Co-Mo-S)
materials
have
been
established
as
excellent
catalysts
for
C-S
bond
construction.
These
allow
the
preparation
of
a
broad
range
thioethers
in
good
to
yields
from
structurally
diverse
thiols
and
readily
available
primary
well
secondary
alcohols.
Chemoselectivity
presence
sensitive
groups
such
double
bonds,
nitriles,
carboxylic
esters
halogens
has
demonstrated.
It
is
also
shown
that
reaction
takes
place
through
hydrogen-autotransfer
(borrowing
hydrogen)
mechanism
involves
Co-Mo-S-mediated
dehydrogenation
hydrogenation
reactions.
A
novel
catalytic
protocol
based
on
thioetherification
alcohols
with
hydrogen
(H2S)
furnish
symmetrical
developed
using
these
earth-abundant
metal-based
catalysts.
ChemSusChem,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
14(1), P. 363 - 372
Published: Oct. 17, 2020
Abstract
A
series
of
hydroxy‐functionalized
phosphonium
salts
were
studied
as
bifunctional
catalysts
for
the
conversion
CO
2
with
epoxides
under
mild
and
solvent‐free
conditions.
The
reaction
in
presence
a
phenol‐based
iodide
proceeded
via
first
order
rection
kinetic
respect
to
substrate.
Notably,
contrast
aliphatic
analogue,
catalyst
showed
no
product
inhibition.
temperature
dependence
rate
was
investigated,
activation
energy
model
determined
from
an
Arrhenius‐plot
(
E
=39.6
kJ
mol
−1
).
substrate
scope
also
evaluated.
Under
optimized
conditions,
20
terminal
converted
at
room
corresponding
cyclic
carbonates,
which
isolated
yields
up
99
%.
is
easily
scalable
performed
on
scale
50
g
Moreover,
this
method
applied
synthesis
antitussive
agent
dropropizine
starting
epichlorohydrin
phenylpiperazine.
Furthermore,
DFT
calculations
rationalize
mechanism
high
efficiency
catalyst.
calculation
confirmed
epoxide
hydrogen
bonding
salt,
facilitates
ring‐opening
step.
effective
Gibbs
barrier
regarding
step
97
bromide
72
explains
difference
activity.
ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
7(9), P. 6089 - 6093
Published: Aug. 10, 2017
We
report
on
an
efficient
Ir-catalyzed
decarbonylation
of
glycerol,
which
could
be
coupled
to
ensuing
Pd-catalyzed
alkoxycarbonylation
styrenes.
The
formation
hydrogen
avoided
by
employing
1,4-benzoquinone
(BQ)
as
external
oxidant.
A
wide
variety
styrenes
underwent
the
esterification
in
good
yields
and
high
regioselectivity.
Applying
catalytic
amounts
hexafluoroisopropanol
provided
access
alcohols
other
than
methanol,
this
transformation
is
often
limited
to.
Finally,
we
demonstrate
suitability
methodology
for
preparation
three
well-known
nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory
drugs
(NSAIDs).