Nitrogen
in
wastewater
can
be
recovered
to
prevent
negative
environmental,
human
health,
and
economic
impacts
enable
distributed
chemical
manufacturing.
We
developed
novel
flexible
electrochemical
stripping
(FECS)
for
tunable
recovery
of
ammonia/ammonium
(total
ammonia
nitrogen,
TAN)
from
urine
as
ammonium
sulfate
aqueous
ammonia.
Batch
continuous
experiments
demonstrated
that
product
speciation
could
readily
controlled
by
modifying
cell
operation
frequency,
duration,
applied
current
without
affecting
TAN
removal.
During
experiments,
FECS
solutions
with
concentrations
similar
ready-to-use
cleaners
(1%
2%
(w/w)
or
8.22
16.4
g/L
cleaner
concentrates
(5%
41.1
TAN),
well
between
5
18.4
TAN,
approaching
commercial
fertilizer
(28.4
TAN).
Beyond
current,
future
process
engineering
operating
condition
optimization
should
reduce
energy
consumption,
increase
efficiency,
enhance
viability
FECS.
Our
findings
will
development
deployment
nitrogen
contexts
varying
needs
ammonia-based
products,
paving
the
way
circular
economies
integrate
manufacturing
sanitation
systems.
Organic Process Research & Development,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
28(2), P. 338 - 366
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
This
review
summarizes
examples
of
organic
electrosynthesis
from
the
peer-reviewed
literature
2000
to
2023
that
have
been
conducted
on
scales
20
g
or
above.
A
significant
portion
these
were
a
≤100
scale,
while
detailed
reports
kilogram-scale
remain
scarce
in
pharmaceutical
industry.
In
addition
chemical
transformation,
this
also
highlights
type
reactor
used
and
projected
productivity
metric
as
ways
compare
different
reports.
The
selected
scale-ups
described
herein
illustrate
remaining
challenges
currently
preventing
routine
use
large-scale
Accounts of Materials Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(4), P. 492 - 504
Published: March 13, 2024
ConspectusHuman
interference
in
natural
biogeochemical
cycles
has
caused
an
unprecedented
input
of
reactive
phosphorus
and
nitrogen
nutrients
into
the
environment,
contributing
to
perturbations
aqueous
ecosystems
(e.g.,
eutrophication).
Furthermore,
industrial
mining
Haber–Bosch
ammonia
production
contribute
significantly
global
energy
expenditures
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
Existing
wastewater
treatment
techniques,
particularly
those
based
on
adsorption
processes,
have
predominantly
concentrated
nutrient
removal,
underutilizing
potential
for
subsequent
recovery
pure
products.
Recovering
these
from
wastewaters
municipal,
industrial,
agricultural)
can
supplement
fertilizer
production,
leading
emissions
savings
a
more
circular
resource
economy.
In
addition,
provides
economic
incentives
expand
implementation
water
treatment,
which
exhibits
additional
benefits,
such
as
public
health
environmental
remediation.
Phosphate
total
(i.e.,
TAN,
sum
ammonium)
are
emphasized
this
Account
because
they
comprise
substantial
portions
nitrogen.Adsorption-based
processes
promising
due
their
simple
construction
maintenance,
scalability,
cost-effectiveness.
However,
phosphate
TAN
is
generally
attained
through
ion
exchange
(electrostatic
attraction),
nonselective
interaction.
Additionally,
acid
or
base
used
adsorbent
regeneration
contributes
most
embedded
process.
If
could
achieve
high
target
selectivity
regenerability,
then
valuable
products
be
recovered
efficiently
economically.
Because
uniquely
strong
nucleophiles
among
species,
leveraging
ligand
(coordinate
covalent
bonding)
enhance
against
competing
ions.
mild
pH
speciation
equilibria
that
interrupt
coordinate
bonds,
minimized,
mitigating
major
contributors
energy,
emissions,
cost.In
Account,
we
summarize
our
recent
work
two
adsorbents:
(1)
ferric
oxide-loaded
poly(vinylbenzyl
trimethylammonium)
anion
resin
selective
municipal
(2)
zinc
polyacrylate
weak
cation
hydrolyzed
urine.
To
maximize
selectivity,
capacity,
regenerability
without
eluting
immobilized
electrophile
oxide
divalent
zinc)
adsorbent,
all
interactions
between
solutes,
electrophile,
support
polymer
must
carefully
controlled
favor
desired
bonds.
optimize
efficiency
material
design,
electrochemical
systems,
supplemental
characterization
techniques
also
discussed.
Electrochemical
buffering
eliminate
external
minimize
salt
requirements,
further
lowering
operational
costs,
Synchrotron
methods
analyze
bonding
with
precision
understand
coordination
environments
inform
structure
improvements.
Finally,
provide
perspective
future
directions,
including
design
complete
trains,
materials,
other
constituents.
summary,
will
essential
chemical
manufacturing
pollution
mitigation
sustainable
society.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 6, 2024
Abstract
Electrochemical
nitrate
reduction
reaction
(NO
3
RR)
is
emerging
as
a
promising
strategy
for
removal
and
ammonia
(NH
)
production
using
renewable
electricity.
Although
great
progresses
have
been
achieved,
the
crystal
phase
effect
of
electrocatalysts
on
NO
RR
remains
rarely
explored.
Here,
epitaxial
growth
unconventional
2H
Cu
hexagonal
close‐packed
(
hcp
IrNi
template,
resulting
in
formation
three
IrNiCu@Cu
nanostructures,
reported.
IrNiCu@Cu‐20
shows
superior
catalytic
performance,
with
NH
Faradaic
efficiency
(FE)
86%
at
−0.1
(vs
reversible
hydrogen
electrode
[RHE])
yield
rate
687.3
mmol
g
−1
h
,
far
better
than
common
face‐centered
cubic
Cu.
In
sharp
contrast,
IrNiCu@Cu‐30
IrNiCu@Cu‐50
covered
by
shell
display
high
selectivity
toward
nitrite
2
−
),
FE
above
60%
0.1
RHE).
Theoretical
calculations
demonstrated
that
has
optimal
electronic
structures
due
to
highest
d‐band
center
strongest
trend
lowest
energy
barriers.
The
electroactivity
originates
from
abundant
low
coordination
sites
surface,
which
guarantees
fast
electron
transfer
accelerate
intermediate
conversions.
This
work
provides
feasible
tactic
regulate
product
distribution
engineering
electrocatalysts.
ACS Environmental Au,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(2), P. 89 - 105
Published: Jan. 12, 2024
Nitrogen
in
wastewater
has
negative
environmental,
human
health,
and
economic
impacts
but
can
be
recovered
to
reduce
the
costs
environmental
of
treatment
chemical
production.
To
recover
ammonia/ammonium
(total
ammonia
nitrogen,
TAN)
from
urine,
we
operated
electrochemical
stripping
(ECS)
for
over
a
month,
achieving
83.4
±
1.5%
TAN
removal
73.0
2.9%
recovery.
With
two
reactors,
sixteen
500-mL
batches
(8
L
total)
ammonium
sulfate
(20.9
g/L
approaching
commercial
fertilizer
concentrations
(28.4
often
having
>95%
purity.
While
evaluating
operation
maintenance
needs,
identified
pH,
full-cell
voltage,
product
volume,
water
flux
into
as
informative
process
monitoring
parameters
that
inexpensively
rapidly
measured.
Characterization
fouled
cation
exchange
omniphobic
membranes
informs
cleaning
reactor
modifications
fouling
with
organics
calcium/magnesium
salts.
evaluate
impact
urine
collection
storage
on
ECS,
conducted
experiments
at
different
levels
dilution
flush
water,
extents
divalent
precipitation,
degrees
hydrolysis.
ECS
effectively
treated
under
all
conditions,
minimizing
ensuring
until
complete
hydrolysis
would
enable
energy-efficient
Our
experimental
results
cost
analysis
motivate
multifaceted
approach
improving
ECS's
technical
viability
by
extending
component
lifetimes,
decreasing
costs,
reducing
energy
consumption
through
material,
reactor,
engineering.
In
summary,
demonstrated
foothold
nutrient
recovery
while
supporting
applicability
seven
other
wastewaters
widely
varying
characteristics.
findings
will
facilitate
scale-up
deployment
technologies,
enabling
circular
nitrogen
economy
fosters
sanitation
provision,
efficient
production,
resource
protection.
Environmental Science Water Research & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(6), P. 1319 - 1334
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
review
presents
some
major
developments
and
progress
in
using
ion
exchange
selective
separation
for
decontamination,
desalination,
decarbonization.
